This document discusses language and language teaching methods. It defines language as human vocal and auditory communication of emotions and ideas. Language has four main functions: informative, expressive, directive, and cultural. The four main language skills are reading, speaking, listening, and writing. Different approaches to teaching language include vocabulary, functional, and structural approaches. Direct and bilingual methods are also discussed. Qualities of an effective language teacher include mastery of the language, increasing student interest, understanding teaching objectives and purposes, and encouraging use of the language in daily life.

1. PRESENTED BY –
ANCHALI HANSDA and
LOVELY
CENTRE FOR EDUCATION
Course INSTRUCTOR – KIRAN SRIVASTAVA
CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF JHARKHAND
RANCHI

2. • The word ‘language’ is derived from the Latin
word ‘lingua’ means ‘tongue’.
• DEFINITION – ‘Language is the entire complex of
phenomena associated with human vocal and
auditory communication of emotions and ideas’.
• FUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE –
1. Informative
2. Expressive
3. Directive
4. Cultural

3.  READING -
 SPEAKING
 LISTENING
 WRITING
LISTENING SKILLS –
• Listening comprehension is the receptive skill
• Listening means understanding ‘what we hear’
• 2 Types of Listening –
1. Interactive (chances to speak)
e.g - Calls, discussion,face to face conversation
2. Non – Interactive (less chances to speak)
e.g – watching T.V,ETC

4. KINDS OF SPEAKING –
1. INTERACTIVE – Discussion, Dialogue
2. PARTIALLY INTERACTIVE – Lecture
3. NON – INTERACTIVE – Speeches
• The medium to convey our
thought,ideas,opinion to others.
• It reduces the shyness among the person.
Features of GOOD speaking skills –
1. Clarity of voice
2. Fluency
3. Audibility
4. Effectiveness

5. • Definition – It is a tool enable us to express what
is in our mind by the means of writing.
• Medium to express our feeling,ideas and other
content matter.
Pre Requisite before Teaching
writing skills in classroom –
1. Choice of script
2. Choice of language material used
3. Proper Spacing
4. Simplicity

6. • Reading is process of looking at written and printed
symbols and translating in appropriate words.
• Reading can help build vocabulary that helps listening
comprehension.
TYES OF READING –
1. Reading Loud – Helpful for elementry and lower
classes.
2. Silent Reading – Helpful for higher learning.

7. • Vocabulary approach – The students learns
vocabulary items and teach english.Students are asked to
learn the rules of grammer.
• Functional approach – Functions of the language
are given importance in teaching
• Structural approach – Structure are taught by
creating situations.in this, mother tongue is allowed at the
initial stage for explaining the situation when some
sentence pattern is practised.
• PRINCIPLES OF STRUCTURAL APPROACH –
1. Importance of speech
2. Function of language habits
3. Pupil activity
4. Meaningful situations
5. Teaching one language item at a time

8. 1. DIRECT METHOD – Teaching the english
language directly through english medium with no
use of mother tongue at all.
It helps the learner learn the foreign language in the
same way he learns mother tongue.
Features –
1. Oral practice
2. Use of functional grammer
3. Limited vocubulary
2. BILINGUAL METHOD – Teaching by the help of 2
languages – mother toungue and target language.
Features –
1. Fluency in spoken languages.
2. Easy to understand
3. Time saving,No extra efforts.

9. A teacher is the torch bearer who guides and
shows the path to the learner.
QUALITY THAT A TEACHER SHOULD
POSSES –
• Mastery over the language. Able to express
himself.
• He should increase interest among the learner and
have understanding of the language.
• He should keep in mind objectives and purpose
related to teaching.
• Creative
• Organise debates,speech,seminar etc among the
students.
• Encourage the learner to speak the language in day
to day life.