Operating systems are there from the very first computer generation and they keep evolving with time. In this chapter, we will discuss some of the important types of operating systems which are most commonly used.

1. Group members
1.Bushra
2.Alia

2. Contents
• System software
• Operating systems
• Operating system functions
• Types of operating systems
• Stand-alone operating systems
• Network operating systems
• Embedded operating systems
• Utility programs

3. System Software
Definition:
“System software serves as the
interface between the user, the
application software, and the
computer’s hardware.”

4. System Software
Operating system
• Control computer
functions:
–Hardware
–Memory
–Application programs
–System maintenance
• Provide user interface
System utilities
• Programs that perform
computer
housekeeping tasks:
–Manage system
resources
–Improve efficiency
–Virus prevention

5. Operating Systems
An operating system
(OS) is a set of
programs containing
instructions that
coordinate all
the activities among
computer hardware
resources.
Operating
System

6. Operating Systems
What are the functions of an operating system?
 start up the computer
 administer security
 control a network
 access the Web
 monitor performance
and provide housekeeping
services
schedule jobs and
configure devices
 manage memory
 manage programs
 provide user interface

7. Operating Systems
Where is the operating system located?
operating system
resides on hard
disk in most
cases
operating system
resides on ROM
in handhelds

8. Types of Operating Systems
What are
three
categories
of
operating
systems?

9. commands
entered by
user
Stand-Alone Operating Systems
What is DOS (Disk Operating System)?
• Refers to several single user operating systems
developed in the early 1980s for personal
computers

10. FAT32
Registry Checker
Stand-Alone Operating Systems
What are features of most Windows operating
systems?
Active
Desktop™
Taskbar/toolbars
Windows
Explorer has a
Web browser
look and feel
Increased speed
Tune-Up Wizard
Universal
Serial Bus
Update Wizard
Multiple display
support
Hardware
support
Accessibility Settings
Wizard

11. Stand-Alone Operating Systems
What is Mac OS?
• Multitasking operating system available only for
computers manufactured by Apple
 Apple’s
Macintosh
operating
system was
first
commercially
successful GUI

12. Network Operating Systems
What is UNIX?
• Command-line multitasking operating system

13. Network Operating Systems
What is Linux?
• Popular, free, open-source multitasking
UNIX-type operating system
Open-source
software
means code is
available to
the public

14. Network Operating Systems
What is Solaris?
• UNIX-type operating system
designed specifically for
e-commerce applications
• Can manage high-traffic
accounts
• Incorporates security necessary
for Web transactions
• Developed by Sun Microsystems

15. Palm OS®
Pocket
PC 2002
Embedded Operating Systems
What is an embedded operating system?
• Operating system
found on most
handheld
computers and
small devices
• Resides on a
ROM chip
Windows CE

16. Utility Programs
• A utility program
is a type of
system software
that allows a
user to perform
maintenance-
type tasks

17. Utility Programs
• Examples include:
–search utility
–File compression
–Diagnostic utility
–Uninstaller
–Disk burning
–Disk defragmenter
–Backup utility
–Screen saver

18. search utility
• A search utility is a program that attempts
to locate a file on your computer based on
criteria you specify

19. Disk cleanup
• A disk cleanup utility searches for and removes
unnecessary files
–Downloaded program
files
–Temporary Internet
files
–Deleted files
–Unused program
files

20. Backup And restore
• A backup utility
allows users to copy
files to another storage
medium
• A restore utility
reverses the process
and returns backed up
files to their original
form

21. Diagnostic utility
 Compiles technical
information about
hardware and some
software
 Prepares report outlining
problems

22. Disk defragmenter
 reorganizes the
files and unused
space on a
computer’s hard
disk so that the
operating system
accesses data
more quickly and
programs run
faster
file 1 after
defragmenting
file 1 before
defragmenting
results of
defragmenting a
disk

23. Disk Burning Software
Disc burning software
writes text, graphics,
audio, and video files
on a recordable or
rewritable optical disc
e.g. real player

24. Antivirus program
 Identifies and removes viruses in memory,
storage media, and incoming files
 Must be updated frequently

25. Add or Remove Programs
• Installation wizard:
• Uninstall wizard:
–Do not just delete program files to remove
programs
25

26. File compression utility
 Shrinks size of files to
free up room and
improve performance
 Compressed files are
sometimes called zipped
files
 Two popular utilities:
PKZIPTM and WinZip®

27. media player
• A media player allows you to view images and
animation, listen to audio, and watch video
files on your computer

28. screen saver
Causes monitor's
screen to display a
moving image or
blank screen if there
is no activity for a
specified time period
Popular for security,
or entertainment
purposes

29. Thanks