Acoustic neuromas, also known as vestibular schwannomas, are slow-growing, benign tumors of the vestibular nerve that arise from the Schwann cells. They account for 80% of cerebellopontine angle tumors and 10% of all brain tumors. Symptoms vary depending on location but may include hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, facial pain, and headache. Diagnosis involves tests like MRI, CT scans, audiograms and neurological exams. The primary treatment is surgical removal via approaches like the middle cranial fossa or retrosigmoid methods, while radiation can help smaller tumors. Risks of surgery include facial nerve paralysis, CSF leakage and meningitis.