1C o n t e n t s Abstract .................docx

1
C o n t e n t s
Abstract: ..................................................... 3
Activity A: Introducing M-Global (M-Global Activitt#1) .........
4
Activity B: Alternative Energy Processes (M-Global Activity#4)
. 6
Activity C: Researching Hybrid Cars (M-Global Activity#11)
..... 7
References: .................................................. 10
2

A b s t r a c t :
The three documents presented in this portfolio show M-
Global’s
recent Alternate Energy Initiative. Out of 12 M-Global
Activities,
this document includes three important activities which will be
implemented in fall 2014. The initiative is spearheaded by
President
James McDuff, M-Global Inc., MD, USA. It is a step forward
towards
sustainable business growth for M-Global and its clients.
The first activity (M-Global Portfolio Activity #1 – Introducing
M-
Global) involves employees newly employed in M-Global Power
and Energy
Unit and its business clients. Alternative is an introduction to
M-
Global and its rich, storied history from its founding in the
early
1960s to its growth over the late 20th and early 21st century.
The
introduction, an About M-Global page from the company
website, pays
special attention to the company’s efforts towards the Alternate
Energy Initiative and the foundations for the initiative from the
corporate culture. The introduction, meant for new and
prospective
employees, delves into M-Global’s expansion from humble
roots in a
single city to an international devices and services company.
The second activity (M-Global Portfolio Activity #4 –
Alternative

Energy Processes) is a look at M-Global’s efforts towards
spreading
awareness on alternatives to tradition, oil-based devices,
especially
cars. The document provides homeowners a description on how
hybrid
vehicles recharge their batteries. The text can be adapted to
various
types of documents, including an informational sheet, a
brochure, a
presentation, or a web site. As the text is geared towards
homeowners,
it is simple and jargon-free. Plain English syntax is followed.
The third activity (M-Global Portfolio Activity #11 –
Researching
Hybrid Cars) has a direct impact on the Initiative. As an
assistant to
Tanya Grant, the M-Global librarian, it is the author’s
assignment to
put together an annotated bibliography on hybrid cars from
various
sources. The bibliography will help Tanya Grant develop a
formal
report on hybrid cars for the executive board. The bibliography
is
extensive, and the annotations will help streamline the research
process for the librarian.
This set of documents represents a microcosm of M-Global’s
daily
activities across its 16 branch offices. Taken separately, they
are
technical documents fulfilling a workplace assignment.
Together, they
characterize the Alternate Energy Initiative, M-Global’s

approach
towards spreading awareness on renewable energy and fostering
a
sustainable energy infrastructure not only for the company and
its
clients but also for the community.
3
A c t i v i t y A : I n t r o d u c i n g M - G l o b a l ( M - G l
o b a l A c t i v i t y # 1 )
Who We Are
Welcome to M-Global! Although we are an international
organization, we never forget that we started as a small family
business. We are committed to quality service to all our clients.
M-Global was founded as McDuff Inc. by Rob McDuff in 1963
as a
regional soils analysis firm. Since its inception, it has grown to
an
international company with expertise in construction
management,
environment monitoring and management, equipment design and
manufacturing, documentation services, training and
certification
programs, security infrastructure assessment for large facilities
including hotels, convention centers, and airports while

maintaining
its original focus on soil treatment and assessment for dams and
power
plants. Until recently, M-Global was headed by Rob McDuff as
McDuff
Inc. When the company was passed onto Jim McDuff, the new
president
rolled out a radical shift in not only its structure but also lateral
growth. Its new name, M-Global Inc., stands for diversity that
extends
to Energy and Society.
What We Do
Our primary work is with Soils Analysis, where we make
recommendations to private clients as well as public
government
entities for foundations, constructions, factories, dams, and rigs.
We
entered the Construction Management business in 1981 and
subsequently
offered services to third party contractors. M-Global today
supervises
hundreds of construction projects annually, from hospitals,
offices,
and schools to factories and hotels. We manage the entire
project,
from planning and scheduling to drawing up contracts to
finalizing
designs and the actual construction.
Environmental Management has been a core focus since the late
1970s, when Rob McDuff realized the rising levels of waste
disposal in
the United States and elsewhere promised business

opportunities for
firms specializing in soil-based waste treatment. Our expertise
in
this context is to provide pollution control methods and
procedures by
testing surface soils for toxic wastes, designing waste cleanup
plans,
and analyzing health of fragile ecosystems.
Our Equipment Design Lab (EDL) began as an intra-company
laboratory to design and develop specialized equipment for our
soil
analysis. Today, the EDL team has expanded to offering its
patented
products to clients and other firms for all types of analyses. The
Publications Development Team emerged in tandem with the
EDL to create
the documentation for the designed patented equipment. As
demand grew
4
for expert editors and writers, it began expanding to the
company’s
grant and proposal writing arm. The team also edits in-house
documents
such as evidences, formal reports, financial statements, legal
statements, and budgetary plans. Recently, it has begun offering
its
services to clients and organizations, creating documentation
for
firms, and setting up databases and websites. The legal wing of
the

team offers consultation services in regard to national and
international standards and regulations.
M-Global entered the training business five years ago, when
demand arose for training in skills that coincide with the
company’s
specialization. We offer technical and non-technical workshops
as well
as certificate programs in the fields of Construction
Management,
Environment Monitoring, Technical Writing, Security
Infrastructure
Assessment and newly added Low Carbon Strategy for reducing
Greenhouse
Gases (GHG).
The Emerging Energy and Environmental Business
Our environment is a precious commodity and it is our duty to
protect it and make sure our future generations can appreciate
it. M-
Global has always been at the forefront of emerging
technologies and
the recent resurgence of renewable energy is no different.
Today, the
world is in dire straits. Once abundant oil is slated to run out in
less than a hundred years and demand is still growing among the
emerging economies.
We are proud to participate in a new breed of socially conscious
companies as we work towards reducing our carbon footprint
and
fostering a sustainable future both for our firm and global
community.
Our work is evidence of our commitment. In just the last five

years,
we have managed construction of seven nuclear power plants,
two
biofuel laboratories for internationally-acclaimed research
organizations. We have partnered with municipalities to
promote both
energy-efficient LEED certified buildings that have lower
carbon
footprints and sustainable practices to ensure lower per capita
emission.
We have a proven record of ethical environmental monitoring
and
management. Our environmental work includes conducting soil
analysis
of fragile ecosystems for government entities and helping
prepare
proposals for seeking grants from the World Bank agencies,
Environmental Protection Agency, United Nations, and the
World
Pollution Control Organization.
The M-Global of Tomorrow
Under the leadership of Jim McDuff, M-Global will forge ahead
into the 21st century as a diverse devices and services company.
The
5
recent Alternate Energy Initiative throws light on our ongoing
commitment to excellence. The M-Global of tomorrow is a truly

global
company that takes energy and environment activism to heart.
We
welcome you to the M-Global family and hope you enjoy our
services.
For more information on the Alternate Energy Initiative, please
contact either the Public Information Department supervisor Mr.
Shon
Williams or the Program Coordinator Abhijit Suprem.
6
A c t i v i t y B : A l t e r n a t i v e E n e r g y P r o c e s s e
s ( M - G l o b a l A c t i v i t y # 4 )
Hybrid Cars – What Are They?
Gasoline-powered vehicles are built with the feel-and-drive
concept in mind and have
only one fueling system. On the other hand, hybrid cars have
two fuel systems – a
liquid fuel tank and an electric battery. Hybrid cars have
additional high powered
battery (HPB) systems along with the traditional 12V starter
battery. While the
starter battery takes care of the lights, internal meters, sound,
and start-up, the
high power battery does the grunt work of driving the car, just
like a gas-powered
car. Therefore, proper handling of the HPB is extremely
important, as failure to pay

attention to the delicate care can leave you stranded in the
middle of a highway
(Shah). This brochure provides you with information on how a
hybrid car charges its
battery and some tips on maintaining the HPB.
HPB Charging System
For details, please see your car’s
manual. In this section, we give a
brief description on how a hybrid car
charges its battery – not only from
external sources but also from losses.
Because it minimizes losses and saves
you money in the long run, a hybrid
vehicle is the better investment over a
fully gasoline or electric car.
Hybrids are known by another name –
plug-in hybrids. This is because their
batteries can be charged by plugging
the car into a standard outlet. Fully
charging a battery takes a few hours
and it is advisable to leave the car
plugged in overnight. Most hybrid cars
have monitoring systems and will not
take more energy than necessary.
Another type of recharging takes place
when you are driving. It is known as
regenerative braking and it is an
elegant method to reduce losses.
Whenever brakes are applied, the
kinetic energy of the wheels is
transferred back to the battery. There

is less heat and the brakes last longer
(Romm).
A third way actually conserves energy.
When the car is stopped at an
intersection, the HPB completely shuts
down. The waste of energy during idling
is minimized and the battery charge
lasts
longer
(Fuller).
Helpful Tips
It is important to maintain your hybrid
car if you want to get the most out of
it. Here are a few tips to make sure
your batteries last as long as
possible.
v Make sure your brakes are in good
condition. This ensures your battery
is charging whenever you are braking
and maintains its life longer.
v Be sure to check your alternator
regularly. You still need the
starter battery to start the car and
having a full HPB will not help when
the starter battery is empty.

v Remember that the hybrid car may
need extra charging at night. Be
sure to check your battery levels
and use your power outlets to give
it the extra charge.
v Maintain your fuel levels. Although
the gas tank is small, it is still
crucial on the highway and for
charging the starter battery.
If you follow these tips and your
hybrid car’s manual, you can maintain
your car for longer and ensure a worry-
free driving experience.
7
A c t i v i t y C : R e s e a r c h i n g H y b r i d C a r s ( M -
G l o b a l A c t i v i t y # 1 1 )
[1] Abkeimer, Kristin, et. al. Hybrid and Electric Vehicles: The
Electric
Drive Captures the Mind. Publication. Paris: IA-HEV, 2012.
Print.
This report from the International Energy Agency for Hybrid
Electric
Vehicles is a comprehensive study on the state of hybrid
electric
vehicles and their component technologies. The first part of the
report includes an overview of charging technologies, system

integration, ecosystem effects, and the market demand and
deployment.
In the second part, the business analysis for long-term
deployment in
several low-income countries where such vehicles are seen to be
a
demand have been predicted. The report concludes with a
survey
summarizing positive consumer acceptance of hybrid vehicles in
emerging economies in South American and African countries.
[2] Bennion, K., and M. Thornton. Fuel Savings from Hybrid
Electric Vehicles.
Rep. Golden, Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory,
2009.
Print.
This article prepared by the National Renewable Energy
Laboratory
presents a technical discussion of the anatomy of a hybrid
vehicle and
an analysis of fuel savings over a period of 10 years compared
with
gasoline-powered counterparts. There is significant amount of
technical and graphical data that compares various models and
internal
design trade-offs of hybrid cars along with discussions (pros,
cons,
advantage, disadvantage, etc.) on the fuel-saving findings.
Included
are also environmental impact such as greenhouse gases and
carbon
monoxide emissions, comparison of speed versus gear-ratio,
optimization of fuel switching, and load-bearing capability

versus
volume-to-weight ratio.
[3] Berg, Phil. "8 Potential EV and Hybrid Battery
Breakthroughs." Popular
Mechanics 17 June 2013. Ultimate Enthusiast. Web. 5 Aug.
2014.
<http://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/news/fuel-economy/8-
potential-
ev-and-hybrid-battery-breakthroughs>.
The above web article presents potential hybrid battery
breakthroughs
and developments. It starts with the improvements in hybrid
vehicle
battery technologies, considering such design parameters as
increased
range, performance, efficiency, safety, packaging and
insulation,
preventive measures in case of fire, and compactness.
Technologies
8
such as Carbon Nanotubes, Lithium/Silicon Polymers, and
Lithium-
Manganese Composite and their long-term effects on the hybrid
car of
the near and far future are systematically described and
illustrated.
The concluding section includes users’ feedback on the

requirement of
battery structure, capability, and preferred charging time. Most
of
the users want faster charging times of approximately 30
minutes.
However, such a breakthrough was not found in the report.
[4] Coca-Cola Company. "Coca-Cola Transforms Service Vans
to Hybrid
Vehicles." Coca-Cola Press Center. Coca-Cola, 11 Dec. 2013.
Web. 5
Aug. 2014.
This press release from the Coca-Cola Company discusses the
company's
switch from gasoline-powered service vans to hybrid vehicles
for its
entire supply chain starting in early 2014. The press release is
part
of United Nations Low Carbon Strategic Plan Initiative. Coca-
Cola has
invested $2 billion in buying new vehicles and retrofitting the
old
for the first phase of the rollout.
[5] "How Hybrid Cars and Trucks Work." Union of Concerned
Scientists. 28 Oct.
2013. Web. 05 Aug. 2014.
<http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/smart-
transportation-solutions/advanced-vehicle-technologies/hybrid-
cars/how-hybrids-work.html>.

This report explains the scientific principles behind hybrid
electric
vehicles. The article characterizes hybrid electric vehicles based
on
capabilities like regenerative braking and engine downsizing.
Each
feature is explained in detail and examples are used frequently.
The
article also delves into drive-trains and considers the
advantages and
disadvantages of various types.
[6] Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Fleet Markets. Rep.
Washington DC: Navigant
Research, 2010. Print.
This report from Navigant Research is an in-depth study on the
economics of switching fleets to hybrid vehicles. It explores
government regulations and incentives in various countries,
which will
aid us in instituting internal policies. Original Equipment
Manufacturers as well as suppliers are investigated. The report
analyzes current trends to determine future demands and prices,
which
we can use to develop a rollout plan that minimizes overhead
costs.
[7] "Hybrids and Diesels: Do They Save Money." Which Are
Most Affordable?
ConsumerReports.org, Feb. 2012. Web. 03 Aug. 2014.
This short report covers cost efficiency for various hybrid
vehicles.
The purchase price, gas mileage, and 5-year costs including

maintenance, fuel, taxes, and fees are evaluated and an
approximate
savings amount as well as years to cover costs is given. It can
aid in
choosing the appropriate vehicles for company-wide fleet
replacement
keeping in view long-term savings and reducing short-term
economic
depreciation.
9
[8] Klock, Andrew. Electric/Hybrid Vehicle Safety Training for
Emergency
Responders. Publication. Quincy: National Fire Protection
Association, 2013. Web. 03 Aug. 2014.
<http://www.nfpa.org/research/fire-protection-research-
foundation/reports-and-proceedings/electrical-safety/new-
technologies-and-electrical-safety/electric-hybrid-vehicle-
safety-
training-for-emergency-responders>.
This report provides important safety and handling information
for
emergency responders such as firefighters, paramedics, and
police
officers. The article contains information on safety features and
components of hybrid cars as well as guidelines towards
establishment
of a resource for awareness. The report has been written with
industrial safety and standards in mind so as to enable the

manufacturer to train the emergency responders.
[9] Kurz, Joaquin. "Hybrid Electric Vehicles: A History of
Technological
Innovation." Illumin. University of Southern California, 1 Oct.
2000.
Web. 5 Aug. 2014.
The initial releases of prototype cars and the first hybrid cars
are
evaluated in the article. It explores the recent history of the
hybrid
electric vehicles starting from the initial interest of research
organizations in the early 1990s to the consumer awareness in
1999.
Various research projects and government collaborations,
including the
Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles under President
Bill
Clinton, are listed in tabular form.
[10] Wouk, Victor. "Hybrid Electric Vehicles." Scientific
American 16 Sept.
1997: 70-74. Print.
This Scientific American article explains the basics of hybrid
vehicle
technology. Various engine and transmission types such as
parallel
drive trains, serial drive trains, automatic transmission, and
alternator principles are extensively illustrated with colored 3D
pictures. The author, a pioneer for hybrid vehicles, uses
convenient

analogies to explain the complicated processes involved in the
hybrid
vehicles.
10
R e f e r e n c e s ( A s r e q u i r e d f o r A c t i v i t i e s A
a n d B )
Fuller, John. "How Idle-stop Systems Work." HowStuffWorks.
HowStuffWorks.
Web. 05 Aug. 2014.
Pfeiffer, W., & Adkins, K. (2012). Technical Communication: A
Practical
Approach. (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson
Education,
Inc.
Romm, Joseph, and Andrew Frank. "Hybrid Vehicles Gain
Traction." Scientific
American Global RSS. Scientific American, Apr. 2006. Web. 05
Aug. 2014.
Shah, Yagana. "Why Hybrid Cars Are Really Becoming Popular
Among Older
Drivers." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 11 Oct.
2013.
Web. 05 Aug. 2014.

Contents
Abstract: 3
Activity A: Introducing M-Global (M-Global Activitt#1) 4
Activity B: Alternative Energy Processes (M-Global Activity#4)
6
Activity C: Researching Hybrid Cars (M-Global Activity#11) 7
References: 10
Abstract:
The three documents presented in this portfolio show M-
Global’s recent Alternate Energy Initiative. Out of 12 M-Global
Activities, this document includes three important activities
which will be implemented in fall 2014. The initiative is
spearheaded by President James McDuff, M-Global Inc., MD,
USA. It is a step forward towards sustainable business growth
for M-Global and its clients.
The first activity (M-Global Portfolio Activity #1 – Introducing
M-Global) involves employees newly employed in M-Global
Power and Energy Unit and its business clients. Alternative is
an introduction to M-Global and its rich, storied history from its
founding in the early 1960s to its growth over the late 20th and
early 21st century. The introduction, an About M-Global page
from the company website, pays special attention to the
company’s efforts towards the Alternate Energy Initiative and
the foundations for the initiative from the corporate culture. The
introduction, meant for new and prospective employees, delves
into M-Global’s expansion from humble roots in a single city to
an international devices and services company.
The second activity (M-Global Portfolio Activity #4 –
Alternative Energy Processes) is a look at M-Global’s efforts

towards spreading awareness on alternatives to tradition, oil-
based devices, especially cars. The document provides
homeowners a description on how hybrid vehicles recharge their
batteries. The text can be adapted to various types of
documents, including an informational sheet, a brochure, a
presentation, or a web site. As the text is geared towards
homeowners, it is simple and jargon-free. Plain English syntax
is followed.
The third activity (M-Global Portfolio Activity #11 –
Researching Hybrid Cars) has a direct impact on the Initiative.
As an assistant to Tanya Grant, the M-Global librarian, it is the
author’s assignment to put together an annotated bibliography
on hybrid cars from various sources. The bibliography will help
Tanya Grant develop a formal report on hybrid cars for the
executive board. The bibliography is extensive, and the
annotations will help streamline the research process for the
librarian.
This set of documents represents a microcosm of M-Global’s
daily activities across its 16 branch offices. Taken separately,
they are technical documents fulfilling a workplace assignment.
Together, they characterize the Alternate Energy Initiative, M-
Global’s approach towards spreading awareness on renewable
energy and fostering a sustainable energy infrastructure not
only for the company and its clients but also for the community.
Activity A: Introducing M-Global (M-Global Activity #1)
Who We Are
Welcome to M-Global! Although we are an international
organization, we never forget that we started as a small family
business. We are committed to quality service to all our clients.
M-Global was founded as McDuff Inc. by Rob McDuff in 1963
as a regional soils analysis firm. Since its inception, it has
grown to an international company with expertise in
construction management, environment monitoring and
management, equipment design and manufacturing,

documentation services, training and certification programs,
security infrastructure assessment for large facilities including
hotels, convention centers, and airports while maintaining its
original focus on soil treatment and assessment for dams and
power plants. Until recently, M-Global was headed by Rob
McDuff as McDuff Inc. When the company was passed onto Jim
McDuff, the new president rolled out a radical shift in not only
its structure but also lateral growth. Its new name, M-Global
Inc., stands for diversity that extends to Energy and Society.
What We Do
Our primary work is with Soils Analysis, where we make
recommendations to private clients as well as public
government entities for foundations, constructions, factories,
dams, and rigs. We entered the Construction Management
business in 1981 and subsequently offered services to third
party contractors. M-Global today supervises hundreds of
construction projects annually, from hospitals, offices, and
schools to factories and hotels. We manage the entire project,
from planning and scheduling to drawing up contracts to
finalizing designs and the actual construction.
Environmental Management has been a core focus since the late
1970s, when Rob McDuff realized the rising levels of waste
disposal in the United States and elsewhere promised business
opportunities for firms specializing in soil-based waste
treatment. Our expertise in this context is to provide pollution
control methods and procedures by testing surface soils for
toxic wastes, designing waste cleanup plans, and analyzing
health of fragile ecosystems.
Our Equipment Design Lab (EDL) began as an intra-company
laboratory to design and develop specialized equipment for our
soil analysis. Today, the EDL team has expanded to offering its
patented products to clients and other firms for all types of
analyses. The Publications Development Team emerged in
tandem with the EDL to create the documentation for the
designed patented equipment. As demand grew for expert

editors and writers, it began expanding to the company’s grant
and proposal writing arm. The team also edits in-house
documents such as evidences, formal reports, financial
statements, legal statements, and budgetary plans. Recently, it
has begun offering its services to clients and organizations,
creating documentation for firms, and setting up databases and
websites. The legal wing of the team offers consultation
services in regard to national and international standards and
regulations.
M-Global entered the training business five years ago, when
demand arose for training in skills that coincide with the
company’s specialization. We offer technical and non-technical
workshops as well as certificate programs in the fields of
Construction Management, Environment Monitoring, Technical
Writing, Security Infrastructure Assessment and newly added
Low Carbon Strategy for reducing Greenhouse Gases (GHG).
The Emerging Energy and Environmental Business
Our environment is a precious commodity and it is our duty to
protect it and make sure our future generations can appreciate
it. M-Global has always been at the forefront of emerging
technologies and the recent resurgence of renewable energy is
no different. Today, the world is in dire straits. Once abundant
oil is slated to run out in less than a hundred years and demand
is still growing among the emerging economies.
We are proud to participate in a new breed of socially conscious
companies as we work towards reducing our carbon footprint
and fostering a sustainable future both for our firm and global
community. Our work is evidence of our commitment. In just
the last five years, we have managed construction of seven
nuclear power plants, two biofuel laboratories for
internationally-acclaimed research organizations. We have
partnered with municipalities to promote both energy-efficient
LEED certified buildings that have lower carbon footprints and
sustainable practices to ensure lower per capita emission.
We have a proven record of ethical environmental monitoring

and management. Our environmental work includes conducting
soil analysis of fragile ecosystems for government entitiesand
helping prepare proposals for seeking grants from the World
Bank agencies, Environmental Protection Agency, United
Nations, and the World Pollution Control Organization.
The M-Global of Tomorrow
Under the leadership of Jim McDuff, M-Global will forge ahead
into the 21st century as a diverse devices and services company.
The recent Alternate Energy Initiative throws light on our
ongoing commitment to excellence. The M-Global of tomorrow
is a truly global company that takes energy and environment
activism to heart. We welcome you to the M-Global family and
hope you enjoy our services.
For more information on the Alternate Energy Initiative, please
contact either the Public Information Department supervisor Mr.
Shon Williams or the Program Coordinator Abhijit Suprem.
Activity B: Alternative Energy Processes (M-Global Activity
#4)
Hybrid Cars – What Are They?
Gasoline-powered vehicles are built with the feel-and-drive
concept in mind and have only one fueling system. On the other
hand, hybrid cars have two fuel systems – a liquid fuel tank and
an electric battery. Hybrid cars have additional high powered
battery (HPB) systems along with the traditional 12V starter
battery. While the starter battery takes care of the lights,
internal meters, sound, and start-up, the high power battery does
the grunt work of driving the car, just like a gas-powered car.
Therefore, proper handling of the HPB is extremely important,
as failure to pay attention to the delicate care can leave you
stranded in the middle of a highway (Shah). This brochure
provides you with information on how a hybrid car charges its
battery and some tips on maintaining the HPB.

10
HPB Charging System
For details, please see your car’s manual. In this section, we
give a brief description on how a hybrid car charges its battery
– not only from external sources but also from losses. Because
it minimizes losses and saves you money in the long run, a
hybrid vehicle is the better investment over a fully gasoline or
electric car.
Hybrids are known by another name – plug-in hybrids. This is
because their batteries can be charged by plugging the car into a
standard outlet. Fully charging a battery takes a few hours and
it is advisable to leave the car plugged in overnight. Most
hybrid cars have monitoring systems and will not take more
energy than necessary.
Another type of recharging takes place when you are driving. It
is known as regenerative braking and it is an elegant method to
reduce losses. Whenever brakes are applied, the kinetic energy
of the wheels is transferred back to the battery. There is less
heat and the brakes last longer (Romm).
A third way actually conserves energy. When the car is stopped
at an intersection, the HPB completely shuts down. The waste of
energy during idling is minimized and the battery charge lasts
longer (Fuller).
Helpful Tips
It is important to maintain your hybrid car if you want to get the
most out of it. Here are a few tips to make sure your batteries
last as long as possible.
· Make sure your brakes are in good condition. This ensures
your battery is charging whenever you are braking and
maintains its life longer.
· Be sure to check your alternator regularly. You still need the
starter battery to start the car and having a full HPB will not

help when the starter battery is empty.
· Remember that the hybrid car may need extra charging at
night. Be sure to check your battery levels and use your power
outlets to give it the extra charge.
· Maintain your fuel levels. Although the gas tank is small, it is
still crucial on the highway and for charging the starter battery.
If you follow these tips and your hybrid car’s manual, you can
maintain your car for longer and ensure a worry-free driving
experience.
Activity C: Researching Hybrid Cars (M-Global Activity #11)
[1] Abkeimer, Kristin, et. al. Hybrid and Electric Vehicles: The
Electric Drive Captures the Mind. Publication. Paris: IA-HEV,
2012. Print.
This report from the International Energy Agency for Hybrid
Electric Vehicles is a comprehensive study on the state of
hybrid electric vehicles and their component technologies. The
first part of the report includes an overview of charging
technologies, system integration, ecosystem effects, and the
market demand and deployment. In the second part, the business
analysis for long-term deployment in several low-income
countries where such vehicles are seen to be a demand have
been predicted. The report concludes with a survey summarizing
positive consumer acceptance of hybrid vehicles in emerging
economies in South American and African countries.
[2] Bennion, K., and M. Thornton. Fuel Savings from Hybrid
Electric Vehicles. Rep. Golden, Colorado: National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, 2009. Print.
This article prepared by the National Renewable Energy
Laboratory presents a technical discussion of the anatomy of a
hybrid vehicle and an analysis of fuel savings over a period of
10 years compared with gasoline-powered counterparts. There is
significant amount of technical and graphical data that

compares various models and internal design trade-offs of
hybrid cars along with discussions (pros, cons, advantage,
disadvantage, etc.) on the fuel-saving findings. Included are
also environmental impact such as greenhouse gases and carbon
monoxide emissions, comparison of speed versus gear-ratio,
optimization of fuel switching, and load-bearing capability
versus volume-to-weight ratio.
[3] Berg, Phil. "8 Potential EV and Hybrid Battery
Breakthroughs." Popular Mechanics 17 June 2013. Ultimate
Enthusiast. Web. 5 Aug. 2014.
<http://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/news/fuel-economy/8-
potential-ev-and-hybrid-battery-breakthroughs>.
The above web article presents potential hybrid battery
breakthroughs and developments. It starts with the
improvements in hybrid vehicle battery technologies,
considering such design parameters as increased range,
performance, efficiency, safety, packaging and insulation,
preventive measures in case of fire, and compactness.
Technologies such as Carbon Nanotubes, Lithium/Silicon
Polymers, and Lithium-Manganese Composite and their long-
term effects on the hybrid car of the near and far future are
systematically described and illustrated. The concluding section
includes users’ feedback on the requirement of battery structure,
capability, and preferred charging time. Most of the users want
faster charging times of approximately 30 minutes. However,
such a breakthrough was not found in the report.
[4] Coca-Cola Company. "Coca-Cola Transforms Service Vans
to Hybrid Vehicles." Coca-Cola Press Center. Coca-Cola, 11
Dec. 2013. Web. 5 Aug. 2014.
This press release from the Coca-Cola Company discusses the
company's switch from gasoline-powered service vans to hybrid
vehicles for its entire supply chain starting in early 2014. The

press release is part of United Nations Low Carbon Strategic
Plan Initiative. Coca-Cola has invested $2 billion in buying new
vehicles and retrofitting the old for the first phase of the
rollout.
[5] "How Hybrid Cars and Trucks Work." Union of Concerned
Scientists. 28 Oct. 2013. Web. 05 Aug. 2014.
<http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/smart-transportation-
solutions/advanced-vehicle-technologies/hybrid-cars/how-
hybrids-work.html>.
This report explains the scientific principles behind hybrid
electric vehicles. The article characterizes hybrid electric
vehicles based on capabilities like regenerative braking and
engine downsizing. Each feature is explained in detail and
examples are used frequently. The article also delves into drive-
trains and considers the advantages and disadvantages of
various types.
[6] Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Fleet Markets. Rep.
Washington DC: Navigant Research, 2010. Print.
This report from Navigant Research is an in-depth study on the
economics of switching fleets to hybrid vehicles. It explores
government regulations and incentives in various countries,
which will aid us in instituting internal policies. Original
Equipment Manufacturers as well as suppliers are investigated.
The report analyzes current trends to determine future demands
and prices, which we can use to develop a rollout plan that
minimizes overhead costs.
[7] "Hybrids and Diesels: Do They Save Money." Which Are
Most Affordable? ConsumerReports.org, Feb. 2012. Web. 03
Aug. 2014.
This short report covers cost efficiency for various hybrid

vehicles. The purchase price, gas mileage, and 5-year costs
including maintenance, fuel, taxes, and fees are evaluated and
an approximate savings amount as well as years to cover costs
is given. It can aid in choosing the appropriate vehicles for
company-wide fleet replacement keeping in view long-term
savings and reducing short-term economic depreciation.
[8] Klock, Andrew. Electric/Hybrid Vehicle Safety Training for
Emergency Responders. Publication. Quincy: National Fire
Protection Association, 2013. Web. 03 Aug. 2014.
<http://www.nfpa.org/research/fire-protection-research-
foundation/reports-and-proceedings/electrical-safety/new-
technologies-and-electrical-safety/electric-hybrid-vehicle-
safety-training-for-emergency-responders>.
This report provides important safety and handling information
for emergency responders such as firefighters, paramedics, and
police officers. The article contains information on safety
features and components of hybrid cars as well as guidelines
towards establishment of a resource for awareness. The report
has been written with industrial safety and standards in mind so
as to enable the manufacturer to train the emergency
responders.
[9] Kurz, Joaquin. "Hybrid Electric Vehicles: A History of
Technological Innovation." Illumin. University of Southern
California, 1 Oct. 2000. Web. 5 Aug. 2014.
The initial releases of prototype cars and the first hybrid cars
are evaluated in the article. It explores the recent history of the
hybrid electric vehicles starting from the initial interest of
research organizations in the early 1990s to the consumer
awareness in 1999. Various research projects and government
collaborations, including the Partnership for a New Generation
of Vehicles under President Bill Clinton, are listed in tabular
form.

[10] Wouk, Victor. "Hybrid Electric Vehicles." Scientific
American 16 Sept. 1997: 70-74. Print.
This Scientific American article explains the basics of hybrid
vehicle technology. Various engine and transmission types such
as parallel drive trains, serial drive trains, automatic
transmission, and alternator principles are extensively
illustrated with colored 3D pictures. The author, a pioneer for
hybrid vehicles, uses convenient analogies to explain the
complicated processes involved in the hybrid vehicles.
References (As required for Activities A and B)
Fuller, John. "How Idle-stop Systems Work." HowStuffWorks.
HowStuffWorks. Web. 05 Aug. 2014.
Pfeiffer, W., & Adkins, K. (2012). Technical Communication: A
Practical Approach. (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey:
Pearson Education, Inc.
Romm, Joseph, and Andrew Frank. "Hybrid Vehicles Gain
Traction." Scientific American Global RSS. Scientific
American, Apr. 2006. Web. 05 Aug. 2014.
Shah, Yagana. "Why Hybrid Cars Are Really Becoming Popular
Among Older Drivers." The Huffington Post.
TheHuffingtonPost.com, 11 Oct. 2013. Web. 05 Aug. 2014.
3
M-Global Activity Long Paper (2000 Words)
M-Global is a Company.
There are 12 M-Global activities in this Question.
You need to select/choose 3 from the 12 M-Global activities and
then write. Details about your audience or the M-Global context
are necessary to complete the assignment.

The report must include the following identifiable sections:
· Cover Page (Title of the M-Global activities completed, Your
name, Teacher name, Course number and Due Date.)
· Table of Contents
· Abstract (not more than one page with activities completed
and broad conclusions)
· Body (a minimum of 2000 words): In the M-Global context
which are necessary to complete the assignment.
· References
The M-Global portfolio activities take place in the context of a
new initiative announced by Jim McDuff. For M-Global
activities, you will assume a role in the M-Global organization.
You may create whatever details about your audience or the M-
Global context are necessary to complete the assignment. The
following press release has been issued by M-Global’s Public
Information department:
Press Advisory
Contact:
Shon Williams
M-Global, Inc.
127 Rainbow Lane
Baltimore, MD 21202
For immediate release:
M-Global, Inc. has announced its new Alternate Energy
Initiative at the organization’s annual meeting in Baltimore. The
new initiative was announced on Wednesday by M-Global
President James McDuff.
McDuff, who has succeeded his father Robert McDuff as
president of M-Global, stated, “We want to use our experience
with twentieth century energy technology as a foundation for
addressing the energy challenges of the twenty-first century.”
M-Global’s contributions to the energy industry have included
construction of hydro-electric dams, development of equipment
for oil and gas exploration and refining, and designing and

installing equipment for nuclear power plants. Through the
company-wide Alternate Energy Initiative, M-Global will be
able to offer its experience and expertise to organizations that
are working to advance new energy technologies.
-###-
LIST OF ACTIVITIES
1. Introducing M-Global
For this activity, assume the role of a new employee in the
Public Information Department at M-Global. Your supervisor,
Shon Williams, has given you an assignment to help you
become familiar with the history and culture of M-Global.
Create content that will appear on the “About M-Global” page
of the updated company web site. You should provide an
introduction and overview to the organization while
emphasizing M-Global’s energy industry and environmental
work. Although you do not need to directly discuss the
Alternate Energy Initiative, you should emphasize aspects of M-
Global’s history and its projects that help lay the foundation for
the new initiative.
2. Fuel Efficiency Form Letter
Assume the role of an employee in M-Global's purchasing
department. Your responsibilities include supervising M-
Global's contracts with shipping companies. You have been
asked to learn what steps trucking companies are taking to
reduce their use of fossil fuels.
Write two versions of a letter asking local and cross-country
trucking companies about their use of biodiesel, their efforts to
increase fuel efficiency, and their efforts to reduce pollution.
One version of the letter will go to companies with whom M-
Global has a long-standing relationship. The other version will
go to companies that provide occasional shipping services, or
that have never provided shipping services, to M-Global.
Assume that a mail merge program will add addresses and other
individualized information. 3. Defining and Describing
Alternate Energy
Assume the role of Sylvia Barnard. In response to your initial

report on biofuels, Jim McDuff has asked for more information
about each of the biofuels that you have briefly defined.
Write a two- or three-page description of one of the following
biofuels: biodiesel, bioalchohol, biogas, or cellusoic biofuel.
Include a formal sentence definition, and use and cite at least
three sources in your description.
4. Alternative Energy Processes
As a member of The Pub (the Publications Development team),
you have written instructional guides to help homeowners with
do-it-yourself projects. Now you have been asked to create new
guides for this series, guidelines designed to help homeowners
with energy-saving projects.
Create one of the following documents. The document should be
designed to appear in a single-sheet brochure.
A. Instructions for installing solar panels on a house. (Use at
least three sources and cite them.)
B. Description of how a hybrid car recharges its battery. (Use at
least three sources and cite them.) 5. Progress Report on
Seismic Testing
Assume the role of George Hikaru, a field engineer in M-
Global’s Tokyo branch. You are the head of a team that is
responsible for conducting the seismic survey for a geothermal
power plant for the Philippine government. Your contact is
Assistant Energy Secretary Don Leyte.
During the past month, you have met weekly with Gio Stella, an
employee of GEODrill, the company that will be doing the
actual drilling. You have also met twice during the month with
representatives of Enerugisshu Shisutemuzu, the Japanese
company responsible for the design and construction of the
power plant. After initial surveys, your team spent the second
and third weeks of the month using traditional reflection and
refraction seismic analysis over the 25 square kilometer site.
These initial results were used to identify locations for
electromagnetic seismic imaging that began late last week. This
final set of tests will be completed soon.
Once the seismic data is collected and analyzed, you will be

writing a recommendation report for Mr. Leyte. You hope that
the report will be ready within the next month. After Mr. Leyte
has responded to the report, members of your team will meet
with the team from GEODrill and the architects from
Enerugisshu Shisutemuzu to finalize the location of the
geothermal wells on the site plan. It is now time to write your
first monthly progress report to Assistant Secretary Leyte. Use
the above information to help you write your report in letter
form. 6. Reviewing Wind Farm Reports
Assume the role of an American student interning with the
Houston branch of M-Global. You are interning with Zach
O’Neill, the head of the Houston branch’s construction
management office. Zach is preparing for a meeting with other
M-Global construction managers to discuss potential
opportunities for M-Global in wind farm construction.
Zach asks you to prepare some background research for him. He
would like to know about wind farm construction techniques so
that he has a sense of what kinds of new training or equipment
M-Global will need to invest in to enter this field. He asks you
to identify formal reports on wind farms that are useful to
someone interested in wind farm construction techniques.
Using the Internet, find three formal reports that discuss wind
farm construction. Create a brief summary of each of the
reports, identifying the sections that Zach will find useful in his
background reading. Include comments on how easy it is to find
the information Zach will need and how useful it appears. To
find formal reports about wind farm construction, use the
advanced search tools in a search engine such as Google. Use
the search terms "wind farm" and "construction" in addition to
"report" and limit your search to PDFs. Make sure that you
recommend reports, not other kinds of documents. Look for the
word “Report” in the title or a statement at the beginning of the
document that identifies it as a report. ("This report . . .") 7.
Memo Proposal to Encourage Pedal Power
Assume the role of a support services employee in an M-Global
branch. You may choose to be an employee in the mail room,

cafeteria, copy center, or other support service. Choose an M-
Global branch in an area of the country with which you are
familiar.
Write a proposal to the branch manager to suggest that the
branch make it easier for employees who wish to bike to work
by installing bike racks and adding showers and space in locker
rooms so that employees can take showers and change into
appropriate clothing after biking to work. (The M-Global branch
where you work already has locker rooms for employees who
work in the field.)
Since this is an initial proposal, you may either estimate the
costs of the changes that you are recommending, or you may
offer to conduct a feasibility study if the branch manager is
interested in your idea. 8. M-Global's Alternate Energy
Initiative on the Web
Assume the role of a member of M-Global’s in-house web
design team. One of your responsibilities is to check all M-
Global web pages for consistent style and appearance. Now,
however, you have been given an assignment to design a new
web page for the Alternate Energy Initiative. Jim McDuff wants
to set up a separate web site for the initiative, but the site will
include a link to M-Global’s corporate home page and the M-
Global home page will include a link to the Alternate Energy
Initiative web site.
Design a home page for M-Global’s Alternate Energy Initiative.
The textual content of the page will be provided by the Public
Information department, so you should focus on the overall
visual design, including headings and links to other web pages.
You do not need to create textual content for the web page.
9. Image of Alternative Energy
As a member of the Publication Development team, you are
sometimes called on to create graphics for M-Global
publications. For the Alternate Energy Initiative, you have been
asked to create illustrations that can be used in a variety of
publications.
Create illustrations for M-Global publications, using solar

panels, wind turbines, or geothermal energy as your subject.
Create three illustrations, one each of the following:
· Photo of equipment with callouts: Make sure you use a
citation of the source of the photo, indicating that you have
adapted it
· Line drawing of equipment showing parts: Using the drawing
tools in your word processing software, or other illustration
software with which you are familiar
· Flow chart showing the energy collection or production
process: Use flowcharting software such as Microsoft Visio, or
use the drawing tools in your word processing software. You
may use standardized flow chart symbols or use images
creatively to represent the process that you are illustrating.10.
Presenting the Alternate Energy Initiative
As a member of the Public Information department, you are
often called on to prepare materials for presentations to
community groups in cities where M-Global has offices or
projects.
Using the information about M-Global in your textbook and the
information about the new Alternate Energy Initiative in the
introduction to the M-Global activities on this companion web-
site, script and create a PowerPoint that can be presented to
groups interested in the new initiative. Assume that the
presentation materials will be made available to all M-Global
employees through the company intranet.
You may create whatever details you feel are necessary for an
effective presentation. Using the "Notes" view in PowerPoint
(or other presentation software), record the script that will
accompany the slides.
11. Researching Hybrid Cars
Assume the role of a librarian in M-Global’s company library.
Tanya Grant is researching hybrid cars and she has asked for
your help.
Create an annotated bibliography of articles and web sources
with information about hybrid cars. Your bibliography should
include ten entries, and your annotations should help Tanya

decide if the articles are worth reading for her research. 12.
Applying to Work Abroad
For the past four years, you have been a junior technical writer
in M-Global’s Baltimore office, but you have been looking for
an opportunity to work overseas. One day, you see an
announcement on the company intranet that one of M-Global’s
overseas offices wants to hire a senior level technical writer
who is familiar with the Alternate Energy Initiative. Not only
would this be a chance to go overseas, but it would be a
promotion as well, so you decide to apply.
Choose any of the overseas M-Global branches. Write a letter of
application that emphasizes your familiarity with some of M-
Global’s alternative energy projects. To make your fictional
letter effective, create whatever details seem appropriate and
realistic about your experience at M-Global (and elsewhere) and
your education.
3

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