This document discusses the elements and principles of 3D design that make designs good. It identifies the elements of design as line, shape, form, light, color, texture, space and time. The principles of design are described as guidelines for combining elements in visually interesting ways, including balance, unity/variety, rhythm/repetition, proportion/scale, emphasis, contrast, and occupied/unoccupied space. The document provides examples to illustrate principles like symmetrical and asymmetrical balance, pattern and rhythm, and proportional and disproportional scale. It concludes by assigning homework to create 3 spherical sculptures applying these elements and principles.

1. WARM UP
•Taking Imagination Seriously
•Janet Echelman

2. WHAT MAKES A DESIGN
GOOD?
THE ELEMENTS & PRINCIPLES OF 3D DESIGN

3. WHAT MAKES A DESIGN GOOD?
• How do sculptors create an interesting design?
• Elements of Design – line, shape, form (mass & volume),
light, color, texture, space, time
• Principles of Design – balance, emphasis, contrast,
rhythm / repetition, proportion / scale, unity / variety,
occupied / unoccupied space, time

4. ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

5. ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

6. ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

7. PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
• ”Recipes” that guide the
effective use of the elements
of design
• Guidelines for combining the
elements in visually
interesting ways

8. BALANCE
• arranging the elements in a satisfying way
to create a sense of stability
• Types:
• Symmetrical
• Radial,
• Asymmetrical

9. UNITY/VARIETY
• Unity - sense of wholeness or completion
• All elements or objects in the design have
something in common
• Variety – changes or differences that
create visual interest

10. RHYTHM / REPETITION
• combination of recurring elements
• Pattern – regular, orderly,
predictable repetition
• Rhythm – varied repetition using
intervals or spaces between
elements to give an impression of
movement

11. PROPORTION / SCALE
• relationships in the size or
amount of elements or objects
• Types: Proportional,
Disproportional

12. EMPHASIS
• dominant element(s) that pull the
viewer's eye to important parts of
the artwork
• Focal Point

13. CONTRAST
• using differences in elements
• “Pop”

14. OCCUPIED / UNOCCUPIED SPACE
• Relationship between the
elements & the “empty”
space around and within
• Positive / negative space

15. TIME
• movement, motion, or change over time
• Types: kinetic, temporary, installation, performance

16. TAKE A WALK. SEE DIFFERENTLY.
• Take a “walk.” See differently.
• Gather materials. Do not buy them.
• Next class - Create 3 spherical
sculptures. Each must be 3-6” in
diameter.
HOMEWORK: