1. Let’s talk about sex, baby

2. First, we don’t know anything
about it

3. In France, 1 out 4 teenage girl
does not know she has a clitoris

4. Principaux résultats du baromètre du HCE
◗ 25 % des écoles répondantes déclarent n’avoir mis en place aucune action ou séance en matière d’éducation
à la sexualité, nonobstant leur obligation légale.
◗ Les personnels de l’Éducation nationale sont très peu formés à l’éducation à la sexualité.
◗ Lorsque l’éducation à la sexualité est intégrée à des enseignements disciplinaires, elle est largement concentrée
sur les sciences (reproduction) plutôt que d’être intégrée de manière transversale en lien avec la dimension
citoyenne et l’égalité filles-garçons.
◗ Lorsque des séances ou actions d’éducation à la sexualité sont menées, cela ne concerne pas toutes les classes
du CP à la Terminale, mais en priorité des classes de CM1 et de CM2 pour l’école, des classes de 4ème et 3ème
pour le collège, et des classes de 2nde pour le lycée.
◗ Les thématiques les plus abordées sont la biologie/reproduction, l’IVG/contraception, le VIH/Sida et la notion
de « respect », notamment entre les sexes. À l’inverse, les questions de violences sexistes et sexuelles ou
d’orientation sexuelle sont les moins abordées.
◗ Le manque de moyens financiers, de disponibilité du personnel et la difficile gestion des emplois du temps sont
perçus comme les principaux freins à la mise en œuvre de l’éducation à la sexualité et, a contrario, la formation
est vue comme le principal facteur facilitateur.
Résultats complets en Annexe 2.
Échantillon représentatif élaboré par la Direction de l'évaluation,
de la prospective et de la performance du Ministère de l’Éducation nationale

5. 13 September 2016
BMJ Open
Press Release
School sex education often negative, heterosexist, and out
of touch
And taught by poorly trained, embarrassed teachers, say young
people
School sex education is often negative, heterosexist, and out of
touch, and taught by poorly trained, embarrassed teachers, finds
a synthesis of the views and experiences of young people in
different countries, published in the online journal BMJ Open.
Schools’ failure to acknowledge that sex education is a special
subject with unique challenges is doing a huge disservice to
young people, and missing a key opportunity to safeguard and
improve their sexual health, conclude the researchers.
They base their findings on 55 qualitative studies which explored
the views and experiences of young people who had been
taught sex and relationship education (SRE) in school based
programmes in the UK, Ireland, USA, Australia, New Zealand,
Canada, Japan, Iran, Brazil and Sweden between 1990 and

7. In the US, only 22 states require that
public schools teach sex education

12. Ignorance leads to lingering
myths

25. With massive consequences
• UNESCO estimates that one in 10 African
girls, for example, miss at least one day of
school a month, leading to a higher drop-
out rate.
• A survey in India found nearly 25% of girls
drop out of school permanently when they
reach puberty, because they have no toilet
at school.

26. And the myths are not only
about periods

27. Myth N.1: Men’s sexual energy is so
strong that it cannot be restrained.
• Men are sexual.
• They have a strong irrepressible drive.
• They are obsessed with sex.
• They think about it all the time.
• They are always up for it.
• And this desire cannot be restrained.
• That is why women have to behave.

29. Myth N.2: Women have less
sexual drive than men

30. Myth N.3: a sexually free woman
is a danger for the society

32. A woman is portrayed as either a
saint or a whore

33. Linked to theological traditions of Eve
and Lilith, women are perceived as
embodiments of inexhaustible negativity

37. Coming from a fear-driven desire of men
to control female sexuality and
reproduction
• In primitive societies, men
regarded women with the
same dread they felt toward
the natural world.
• The core of the natural world
was the female womb, from
which newborn human life
emerged in a gush of blood.

38. Witch-hunting: A Manmade Tool
for Women’s Oppression

39. Overall, approximately 75 to 80 percent of
those accused and convicted of witchcraft in
early modern Europe were female.

40. The moral backing of torture of
thousands of women

41. Women who seemed most independent from
patriarchal norms -- especially elderly ones
living outside the parameters of the patriarchal
family -- were most vulnerable to accusations
of witchcraft

42. The witch-hunts can be viewed as a case
of "genderized mass murder"
• The overall evidence makes plain that the growth -- the panic
-- in the witch craze was inseparable from the stigmatization
of women.
• Historically, the most salient manifestation of the unreserved
belief in female power and female evil is evidenced in the
tight, recurrent, by-now nearly instinctive association of
women and witchcraft.
• Same fear of malicious "power” than with Jews.
• Women are anathematized and cast as witches because of
the enduring grotesque fears they generate in respect of their
putative abilities to control men and thereby coerce, for their
own ends, male-dominated Christian society.
• (Katz, The Holocaust in Historical Context, Vol. I, p. 435.)

43. The vast literature of witch hunting is filled with
nightmares of castration and lost virility.
• The trauma of this genocide of free
women, of wise old women is still part of
our collective memories.

44. Let’s bust those myths…
• "Many, many men -- about one in five --
have such low sexual desire they’d rather
do almost anything else than have sex."
• ”In fact, almost 30% of women say they
have more interest in sex than their
partner has."

45. Boys feel pressured to have a sexual activity or
to pretend to have one to belong

47. Women also have strong sexual
desire
• " When it comes to the
craving for sexual variety,
the research Bergner
assembles suggests that
women may be "even less
well-suited for monogamy
than men."

49. Sex is the way in which intimacy
can be experienced
• A recent article by psychologist Steven
Bearman argues that men’s addition to
sex is the result of the lack of affection
and intimacy with other men (and perhaps
women) in their lives.
• For Bearman, sex addiction and
pornography addiction are the ways in
which men try to find closeness with
others.

50. Nature wants all of us enrolled in
reproducing the species.
• Women can become disinterested in sex as a result
of childhood abuse, rape, social conditioning including body
image challenges, unaddressed relationship issues, unskilled
lovemaking or demands of juggling children and work, but
these all represent deviations from her inherent nature.
• Women are socialized to channel their erotic yearnings into
romantic fantasy rather than genital imagery, but when freed
of sex-negative conditioning and social judgments, women
desire erotic connection.
• When women are initiated into the pleasures of sex with a
lover who is sensitive, considerate, skilled, and receptive to
guidance, their sexual potential is awakened, and their
interest in sex equals or exceeds the interest of most men.

51. But these myths and
stereotypes still condition our
sexual lives

52. This belief in irrepressible male desire
has dramatic consequences on lives of
millions of young boys and girls
It legitimates prostitution, porn, even assault
as a lesser evil.

53. • Three quarters of them are between the
ages of 13 and 25.
• 80% of them are female.
http://findingjustice.org/prostitution-statistics/

58. Child sexual abuse is far more
prevalent than we realize

59. In US, EU, Canada, before 17 years
old, 25% of girls and 15% of boys
will experience sexual abuse
• 60% of them does not receive any type of
help.
Source: Vicky Bernadet Foundation, Spain
http://www.fbernadet.org/

63. Since the blame is on women,
female body has to be hidden to
avoid triggering male desire

64. If they don’t want to experience
slut shaming

66. Women are constantly shamed
about their sexuality

68. Women are more targeted by
revenge porn

71. Men still have control over
women’s bodies

72. Up to the extreme of cutting
their private parts

74. Which countries practice FGM?

77. And especially since most of
our sex education is now done
through porn

95. A study of 50 of the most popular pornographic videos found that
88% of scenes included physical aggression and 48% of scenes
included verbal aggression.
• The researchers observed a total of 3,376 aggressive
acts, including gagging in 54% of scenes, choking in
27% of scenes and spanking in 75% of scenes.
• They also found that the aggression was
overwhelmingly – in 94% of incidents – directed
towards women.
• Not only that; in almost every instance, women were
portrayed as though they either didn’t mind or liked
the aggression.
• This echoes Hardwood’s claim to me that female
performers are required to look like they enjoy
whatever is done to them – even when they’re in a lot
of pain.

96. Women’s bodies are available
and violable
• It doesn’t take a great awareness of
cultural theory to grasp the social
meaning of images of women being
repeatedly penetrated in every orifice to a
chorus of “slut,” “bitch” and “whore.”

100. Porn narratives find their way
into mainstream cultural images

103. • Think about how a porno ends: the “money
shot,” the culmination of the male orgasm.
• Think about the in-between moments of
mainstream porn: blow jobs, blow jobs, blow
jobs. Where’s the cunnilingus?
• The main goal of porn is to feature a male’s
ejaculation, their partners pleasure is
secondary.
And most porn only portrays sex
and pleasure through male gaze

104. This leads to less satisfactory
sexual experiences for women

108. “The gap between men’s and women’s
frequency of orgasm is impacted by social
forces that privilege male pleasure.”
• Paula England, a sociology professor at
Stanford University said, “The orgasm gap
is an inequity that’s as serious as the pay
gap, and it’s producing a rampant culture
of sexual asymmetry.”

109. In same sex encounters, the
orgasm gap disappears…

111. Ignorance about body and myths
• Although Sigmund Freud argued that a clitoral
orgasm was adolescent and that the vagina was
the fountain of the more “mature” orgasm, there’s
evidence that theory is not only misguided, but is
also fueling the orgasm gap.
• “Stimulation of the clitoris is what gives a woman
an orgasm. It’s the center of orgasmic function,”
says Dr. Lloyd. “The clitoris is the homologue of
the penis—they have the same tissue. In
embryos, the same organ that turns into the
penis, turns into a clitoris."

112. Sexual assymetry comes from hook up
culture, lack of communication and education

113. Culturally, we overvalue
penetrative sex
• Lesbian vs. Straight Sex: There is an orgasm gap
between women who identify as lesbian versus
straight. Lesbian women have significantly more
orgasms than straight women. (For men, orgasm rate
doesn’t vary with sexual orientation).
• Women Alone vs. With a Partner: Women have more
orgasms when they masturbate than when they are
with a partner. (In the study with 800 college women,
39% of women said they always orgasm
during masturbation while 6% said they always
orgasm during sex with a partner).
• Roughly 75 percent of women can never reach
orgasm from penetrative sex alone

114. “You don’t have to look far to see media
images of women having mind-blowing
orgasms from intercourse alone.”
• Evidence for this is found in language.
• We use the words sex and intercourse synonymously,
and relegate clitoral stimulation is to “foreplay” or that
which comes before the main act of intercourse.
• We commonly mislabel women’s genitals by the one
part (the vagina) that gives men, but not women,
reliable orgasms.
• We have countless nicknames for the penis, but few
for the clitoris.
• More evidence for our cultural overvaluing of
penetration is found in media images and our
resulting false beliefs.

115. We have a double standard that judges women
more harshly than men for casual sex
• Sex education generally doesn’t focus on pleasure.
• Most of us have little training in sexual communication, yet
good sexual communication is key when it comes to female
orgasms since there are differences between women in terms
of what they need to orgasm and what one woman needs to
orgasm can vary from one encounter to another.
• Many women are plagued by body-image self-consciousness
during sex and it’s pretty much impossible to have an orgasm
while worrying if you look fat or holding your stomach in.
• Finally, reaching orgasm requires a complete immersion in
the sensations of the moment—or mindfulness—and few of
us have mastered this skill in our daily life, let alone our sex
lives.

116. And women still weigh the
burden of birth control

117. Is birth control a female
responsibility?
• Lisa Campo-Engelstein from “Science
Progress”:
– “Men typically do not have to dedicate time and
energy to contraceptive care, or pay out of
pocket for the usually expensive and
sometimes frequent (often monthly, or at least
four times a year) supply of contraceptives…”

122. So who is shifting the sex
balance?

123. Many innovative sex education
programs flourish around the
world

137. Make love not porn

149. Some initiatives also work to
break the taboo on
menstruation

162. Others develop products
adapted to women’s needs

169. Many projects leverage
“fem tech”

177. And women are now
developing their own sex toys

187. Cindy Gallop

188. But the most important is that
women are now reclaiming
their own sexuality

200. Rethinking porn

207. Learn more about women’s
pleasure

210. Or learn Orgasmic Meditation

213. Learn about free love

216. Or attend Burning Man

218. So let’s enjoy!