Which system performs better using OFDM to service two different us.pdf

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What is outsourcing? - When would it make sense based on quantitative factors only for companies like Toyota and Boeing to outsource? - What are 3 qualitative factors that companies like Toyota and Boeing should consider before outsourcing? Solution Outsourcing is when one company hires anther company to perform some of its functions on a contract basis.The main motive is to save costs and increase profits.For eg. A call centre. It would not make sense for companies like Toyota and Boeing to outsource based only on quantitative factors such as costs. Qualitaive factors they should consider before outsourcing: 1) Employee Morale : outsourcing leads to lay offs , which may have an adverse effect on the remaining employees who may fear that they may be the next to be laid off. 2)Quality :The quality of the goods or services supplied by the external company should be good , other wise the reputation of these companies is at stake. 3) Stability of the external company: The company should be financially stable , because if it shuts down, it will interrupt the activities of the outsoucing company ( ie Boeing and Toyota).

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Which system performs better: using OFDM to service two different users simultaneously with
two 20 MHz channels or using OFDMA to service these two users asynchronously using a 40
MHz channel? Can OFDMA achieve better performance than MU-MIMO? Justify your
reasoning in terms of the number of simultaneous users supported, multipath mitigation, and the
achievable data rate or throughput.
Hint: OFDMA may allow all channels of say the 2.4 or 5 GHz bands to be used simultaneously.
Solution
Multiple input, multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) is
the dominant air interface for 4G and 5G broadband wireless communications. It combines
multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) technology, which multiplies capacity by transmitting
different signals over multiple antennas, and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
(OFDM), which divides a radio channel into a large number of closely spaced subchannels to
provide more reliable communications at high speeds. Research conducted during the mid-1990s
showed that while MIMO can be used with other popular air interfaces such as time division
multiple access (TDMA) and code division multiple access (CDMA), the combination of MIMO
and OFDM is most practical at higher data rates.
MIMO-OFDM is the foundation for most advanced wireless local area network (wireless LAN)
and mobile broadband network standards because it achieves the greatest spectral efficiency and,
therefore, delivers the highest capacity and data throughput. Greg Raleigh invented MIMO in
1996 when he showed that different data streams could be transmitted at the same time on the
same frequency by taking advantage of the fact that signals transmitted through space bounce off
objects (such as the ground) and take multiple paths to the receiver. That is, by using multiple
antennas and precoding the data, different data streams could be sent over different paths.
Raleigh suggested and later proved that the processing required by MIMO at higher speeds
would be most manageable using OFDM modulation, because OFDM converts a high-speed data
channel into a number of parallel, lower-speed channels.
OFDMA with 40 MHz will perform better

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Min input and min output of the system can be conduct by the process of interest in the process of view of synchronisation and software Engineer at the system can be a good idea for this colour combination of view of the best part of the system can be conduct by the process of view till now I'm interested for the system based engineering and technology related issues in college and software engineer h today’s increasing demand for security, especially in public places such as airports, train stations, supermarkets, schools, and crowded street, surveillance cameras are used for monitoring daily activities and detecting abnormal events. This task focuses on the localization of anomalies using both temporal and partial information in videos. Anomalies can be defined as events deviating from normal behavior [1], e.g., fighting, sneaking, or unattended bags at an airport. The purpose of using surveillance cameras is the early detection of anomalous human behaviors. This is a critical task in many cases where human intervention is necessary, e.g., for crime prevention or countering terrorism. However, this process requires labor-intensive and continuous human attention, which is a tedious process, since abnormal events only happen 0.01% of the time and 99.9% of the surveillance time is wasted [2]. Moreover, a surveillance system produces a lot of redundant video data, which require unnecessary storage space. For reducing human errors and storage costs, it is necessary to build an efficient surveillance system for detecting any strange behaviors that may lead to dangerous situations. This requires deep and comprehensive study of human activity recognition, to understand the features representative of each action. Anomaly detection in video has a wide range of applications, such as for traffic accident detection, criminal activity detection, and illegal activity detection. In addition, detecting anomalous items or abandoned objects, such as guns or knifes, is necessary in sensitive area

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LTE (Long Term Evolution) is a 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) wireless standards which uses the standard OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) modulation, MU-MIMO (Multiuser Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology and different multipath fading models. LTE uses the spectrum more efficiently to deliver high speed data. This paper characterizes the downlink performance of LTE. The MIMO technology which provides high data rate applications to the users made a breakthrough in wireless communication and is defined in the LTE standard. The performance is characterized in terms of BER (Bit Error Rate). In this paper the LTE system is modelled and simulated using MATLAB and the BER for 2×2 and 4×4 MIMO-LTE using 16QAM and 64QAM modulation schemes for Rayleigh fading environment are obtained against different SNR values.

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Multicarrier modulation can be implemented by using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) to achieve utmost bandwidth exploitation and soaring alleviation attributes profile besides multipath fading. To support delay sensitive and band bandwidth demanding multimedia applications and internet services, MIMO in addition with other techniques can be used to achieve high capacity and reliability. To obtain high spatial rate by transmitting data on several antennas by using MIMO with OFDM results in reducing error recovery features and the equalization complexities arise by sending data on varying frequency levels. Three parameters frequency OFDM, Spatial (MIMO) and time (STC) can be used to achieve diversity in MIMO-OFDM. This technique is dynamic and well-known for services of wireless broadband access. MIMO if used with OFDM is highly beneficial for each scheme and provides high throughput. There are several space time block codes to exploit MIMO OFDM; one of the techniques is called Alamouti Codes. The paper investigates adaptive Alamouti Codes and their application in IEEE 802.11n.

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The technology of radio over fiber (RoF) regard a crucial point to solve problems in wireless communication system. As well as, the growth of internet applications also reveals a tremendous increase in bandwidth for different applications. Therefore, the development of optical networks is very important that have maximum bandwidth by using different multiple access techniques. Optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) technique has considered as a good solution for high bandwidth network. Hybrid optical systems of OCDMA and time division multiplexing (OTDM) has been proposed in this paper to increase the number of simultaneous users. The results of hybrid OCDMA and OTDM system demonstrate that this system can make a considerable increase in the network scalability while ensuring sufficient data rate and an acceptable bit error rate. Where M-user OCDMA signals can be transmitted in different channels of an OTDM system. Due to its wide band facility compared with other access techniques, OCDMA used here. In addition to its high scalability for our radio network, the OTDM and SCM utilized. The combination of these efficient access technique and powerful time-sharing media are lead to increase the framework system scalability.

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4: A piece of lead metal was added to an aqueous solution of copper(II) nitrate, and within a few minutes it was observed that the lead turned black and crumbled, and the blue solution characteristic of copper(II) ions faded. (NOTE: Lead forms a 2+ ion whern it reacts.) Write molecular, ionic and net ionic equation. Identify spectator ions. Solution molecular equation is Pb(s) + Cu(NO3)2 (aq)..................> Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + Cu(s) Ionic equation is Pb(s) + Cu2+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq)..................> Pb2+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) + Cu(s) Net ionic equation is Pb(s) + Cu2+ (aq).................> Pb2+ (aq) + Cu(s) spectator ion is NO3- (aq) that is nitrate ion..

4 A piece of lead metal was added to an aqueous solution of copper(I.pdf

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Question 3 2 pts A(n) during a specified period. provides a financial summary of a firm\'s operating results statement of retained earnings O income statement O statement of cash flows O balance sheet Solution A Financial summary showing the operating results of a specified period means a statement showing the sales/revenues, expenses of the reporting entity over the reporting period. Such a financial summary is called an income statement. Thus the answer is Income Statement..

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Matlab question: Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) The DFT of a sequence x(n) with length N is defined: X[k] = sigma_n = 0^N - 1 x[x] W^kn for each k = 0, 1, ..., N - 1. Where W = e^-j(2 pi/N) The inverse DFT is given by: X[n] = 1/N sigma_n = 0^N - 1 x[k] W^-kn for each n = 0, 1, ..., N - 1. The Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is an efficient algorithm to compute the DFT Use \'fft\' function to calculate the Fourier Transform of a sequence, x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] Use \'ifft\' function to calculate the inverse Fourier Transform of the result you get in (a). Re-do (a) and (b) using your own DFT and inverse DFT functions. Solution In mathematics, the discrete Fourier remodel (DFT) converts a finite collection of equally-spaced samples of a feature into an equal-period series of similarly-spaced samples of the discrete-time Fourier remodel (DTFT), which is a complex-valued feature of frequency. The c language at which the DTFT is sampled is the reciprocal of the duration of the input collection. An inverse DFT is a Fourier collection, the usage of the DTFT samples as coefficients of complicated sinusoids on the corresponding DTFT frequencies. It has the equal pattern-values as the original enter sequence. The DFT is therefore stated to be a frequency domain illustration of the original input collection. If the authentic series spans all the non-0 values of a feature, its DTFT is non- stop (and periodic), and the DFT gives discrete samples of one cycle. If the authentic sequence is one cycle of a periodic feature, the DFT affords all the non-0 values of 1 DTFT cycle. The DFT is the most essential discrete transform, used to carry out Fourier analysis in many sensible packages.[1] In virtual sign processing, the function is any quantity or sign that varies through the years, which includes the strain of a legitimate wave, a radio signal, or day by day temperature readings, sampled over a finite time c program languageperiod (regularly described by way of a window characteristic[2]). In image processing, the samples can be the values of pixels alongside a row or column of a raster photograph. The DFT is likewise used to correctly resolve partial differential equations, and to perform other operations which include convolutions or multiplying big integers. because it deals with a finite amount of records, it could be applied in computers through numerical algorithms or maybe devoted hardware. these implementations usually appoint green speedy Fourier rework (FFT) algorithms;[3] a lot so that the phrases \"FFT\" and \"DFT\" are regularly used interchangeably. prior to its present day usage, the \"FFT\" initialism may have also been used for the ambiguous term \"finite Fourier rework\".

No observed sexual phase in its life cycle Resistant sporangium prod.pdf

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