1. (with APA reference )Describe in detail the roles that the following play in implementing persistence in a Java EE application: a. TheJava Persistence API b. The query language JPQL c. The Java Persistence Criteria API d. Entity Beans e. Object/relational mapping metadata. Solution A) The persistance API:It is a java application programming language interface statement that tells the deceit of relational data in applications with java programm, standard version and java programm ,enterprise edition.it is interpreted in java.persistence package.this java persistance API started as a fragment of the service of JSR 220 expert of java community task. the tchniques used in it are system images and juornals. B)The query language JPQL:It is an individualistic programm object oriented programming language.it is laboriously stimulated by SQL and their queries look like SQL queries syntactically.it is depending on the hybernate query language.their manipulation is across the entity objects preferably than straightly with thw database tanbles. C)The java persistance criteria AP: This criteria was included in API 2.0 version. It is mainly to sense dynamic queries with the erection of object form query interpretation objects. It is for energetic queries hardly. it allows the dynamic queries to construct programmitically providing good integration using the java language instead of string based 4th GL approach. D)Entuty beans: It is a venture of endeavour of java beans.it is a server side constituent.if in the receptacle the entity bean is arranged impacts ,the primary key and any of the near mentioned will continue the impact.The constituents of the entity bean applys the javax.ejb.entitiyBean E) Object/relational mapping metadata:It preserves the dta of the programmer and moreover the database itself.almost DBMS habe a many tables that enumerates the tables in database and columns in every table primary and foreign keys ans also stored procedures JDBC offers the interface databasemetadata,that a driver should apply suchntrhat its methods must retrieve details regarding the driver .the interface offers the tools and a systemized procedure to apprehend the metadata..