Fossil fuels are fuels formed from the remains of ancient organisms. There are three main types of fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas. Coal forms from peat deposits that are subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years. As plants and animals died, their remains were buried and slowly transformed into coal. Oil forms from the remains of marine organisms like diatoms. Under heat and pressure over millions of years, their remains became trapped and transformed into oil deposits. Natural gas forms in a similar process from the remains of ancient organisms and is composed primarily of methane. Fossil fuels provided a valuable source of energy but their extraction and use also poses risks like oil spills which can severely damage local environments and economies

1. CLASS – XTH
TOPIC – Fossil Fuel
Name:- Sandeep Jaiswal
11813483
Integrated B.Sc. B.Ed.

2. What are fossil fuels?
Fossil fuels are fuels produced by natural resources
like anaerobic decomposition of buried dead
organisms.

3. What are different types of fossil Fuels?
Coal, oil and natural gas.

4. HOW IS COAL FORMED?
Coal is made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
and sulphur. The three main types of coal are
anthracite, bituminous and lignite. Anthracite coal is the
hardest and has more carbon. Lignite is the softest and
is low in carbon but high in hydrogen and oxygen
content. Bituminous is in between anthracite and lignite.

5. STAGES OF COAL FORMATION
1. Peat is a fibrous, soft, spongy substance in which plant remains are easily
recognizable. It contains a large amount of water and must be dry before use.
2.Lignite is formed when peat is subjected to increased vertical pressure from
accumulating sediments. It crumbles with no trouble and should not be shipped or
handled before use.
3. Bituminous Coal is greatly used in industry as a source of heat energy.
4.Anthracite is also known as "hard coal" because it is hard and has a high
lustre.

6. HOW IS COAL USED AS A FOSSIL FUEL?
THE MAIN DEPOSITS OF FOSSIL FUELS ARE FROM THE CARBONIFEROUS
PERIOD.
l

7. HOW IS OIL FORMED?
As diatoms died they fell to the sea floor. They were buried under sediment
and other rock. The rock squeezed diatoms and the energy in their bodies
could not escape. Carbon eventually turned into oil under pressure and
heat.

8. HOW IS OIL USED AS A FOSSIL FUEL?
Coal have been formed from the organic remains of prehistoric plants and
animals.

9. How is natural gas formed?
Natural gas is lighter than air. Natural gas is mostly made up of methane.

10. HOW IS NATURAL GAS USED AS A
FOSSIL FUEL?
Somewhere between 6,000 to 2,000 years BCE, the first discoveries of
natural gas seeps was made in Iran. The gas seeps, probably first ignited
by lightning, provided fuel for the "eternal fires" of the fire-worshiping
religion of the ancient Persians.

11. WHAT IS HAPPENING AT THE OIL
SPILL AT THE GOLF OF MEXICO?
On April 20th 2010, Explosion and fire on Transocean Ltd drilling rig Deepwater
Horizon that was licensed to BP (British Petroleum); 11 workers went missing, 17
injured. The rig was drilling in BP's Macondo project 42 miles southeast of
Venice, Louisiana. Oil spill experts have capped one of the three leaks and are
now reducing a containment vessel on top of the biggest portion of the spill. In the
mean time, Industries like fishing and tourism have been hit hard by the recent oil
spill. There are bans on fishing in some parts of the water, as the fish could be
affected by the oil. Many families have canceled their vacation plans in areas
around the Gulf Coast such as Dauphin Island Alabama and also around the
coasts of Mississippi and Alabama. Up to 200,000 gallons of crude oil are pouring
into the once pristine waters of the Gulf Coast!

12. THANK YOU