Deforestation Of The Amazon Rainforest

Deforestation of The Amazon Rainforest
The Amazon rainforest is perhaps the richest collection of plant and animals diversity in the world.
It recycles rainfall from coastal regions to the continental interior, providing water for Brazil's inland
agriculture. Big industries like Archer Daniels Midland, Bunge, and Cargill have established
industrial soy plantations in Brazil that are taking over large plots of land in the Amazon rainforest
(Food for Thought). Soy has been popularized in the past decade as a healthy protein substitute for
the restricted diets of vegetarians and vegans. In the past 40 years, soybean production has increased
by 500% (Soy Benefits). International demand for the soybean has been on the rise, and with it
comes an increase in deforestation and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Xavante territory is to the Brazilians, what Cancer Alley is to Americans. It is a low–income
area downstream from large corporate farms that release dangerous toxins into the river. "Soy's
environmental sustainability and social justness depends upon respecting rights of local peoples
including their food sovereignty, ensuring local land bases and water resources are not exceeded,
halting all new industrial soy monocultures in order to properly scale agricultural development, and
stopping the use of toxics (Food for Thought)." Although Brazil has had a reduction in deforestation,
this was mainly due to a decline in agriculture markets, other than an increased level of legislature to
protect the forests (Brazil's Success in Reducing Deforestation). With the explosion of societies that
consume high levels of soy, further deforestation is inevitable unless safeguards are put in place to
ensure expansion does not cause more harm to the biosphere (Soy).
The Xavante people hold a deep ecological perspective on their territory, first and foremost it is their
home and they wish to protect what is rightfully theirs but that being said, they hold the land in high
regard because it is from the land, specifically the river, that they derive the main necessity of life,
water. The river that runs through their territory is so incredibly polluted by fertilizers and herbicides
it is no longer potable. They can no longer eat the fish from the river which made up a
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Vitasoy – Sparkling Soy Milk
VITASOY – Sparkling soy milk
Executive summary Background of Studies Environmental scanning Advertising and Promotion
strategies/ tactics Conclusion Reference Appendices Executive summary
Background of Studies
In 1940, Vitasoy was established by Dr K.S. Lo in Hong Kong. Soya bean is the main source of
protein for Chinese people for 4,000 years. Mr. Lo brought this big idea to Hong Kong market, he
began to sell his Soya bean milk from delivery in fresh to customers' homes on bicycle, expanded
his business to retail outlets after the World War. Nowadays, VITASOY group's products sell in over
40 markets around the world and become the international organization which is standards in quality
and innovative ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Apart from Vitasoy's existing customer, we have to explore more potient customers to increase the
market share. Further to the information from the Census and Statistics Department in Hong Kong
2008, there are more females (52.7%) than males (47.3%). In the demographic characteristics, the
largest age group is 35–64 year old (64.6%) The second large age group is 0–14 year old (12.2%).
We will base on these statistics for product development.
3.) Conduct a product analysis
Vitasoy is a kind of well–known soymilk in Hong Kong. Despite it is a traditional product among
people, new product is required to release in order to sustain the market share.
The new product is called "Sparkling soy milk" which will be one of the beverages in line with
Vitasoy series that will be released in mid–November 2009. This exclusive product is limited to be
sold during this Christmas season.
Overview the product: ➢ Using soymilk as basis ➢ Nutrient healthy product that is featured with
the most low saturated fat and abundant protein ➢ Using a plastic bottle as a container ➢ Selling it
for both cool and hot option ➢ Adding "Konjac" inside the soymilk ➢ Shake it at least 10 times
before drinking ➢ Not only can drink it, even can chew it ➢ Printed with dark in glow snow pattern
that will glow white at night ➢ A heat sensitive feature. After holding it for a while, it will then
change into other color. It is created by using thermal color ink

The Food Products We Consume On A Daily Basis
The food products we consume on a daily basis are made up of at least one ingredient. In the case of
processed foods, individual ingredients are often quite numerous. In the interest of understanding
the origins of just one of these ingredient I pondered my favorite foods that also contained a great
number of ingredients. I am personally very fond of physical activity and, subsequently, I have
always valued protein in my diet. Protein is vital for maintaining the body's metabolic functions and
it also aids in muscle repair and growth. Because its nutritional properties I regularly seek large
quantities of Protein in the foods that I consume. Additionally, supplements are one reliable and
affordable way to maximize protein intake and my favorite of these has to be protein bars. While I
have tried countless protein bars, Clif Builders stood out for me because of their great taste and the
Cliff Bar company's commitment to sustainability, which I initially perceived to be uncompromising
and ethically sound. Going beyond the label, the number one ingredient in Clif Builders is soy
protein isolate. In order to fully grasp the impact of my Clif Bar habit I have researched and
analyzed all stages of soy protein isolate production. In this paper, I will examine the common
locations of both non–gmo soy farming, as such pertains to the specific soy protein isolate found in
cliff builder bars, and soy protein isolate processing, as well as the total time it takes to produce soy

The World War II Disrupted Trade Routes
Glycine max, more commonly known as soybeans, are part of the legume family and grown in
various climates. The history of the plant, production worldwide, types, nutrition information,
products from soybeans, pests, beneficial insects, and diseases are important to the present day
growth of soybeans.
They were originally grown in Southeast Asia in around 1100 B.C. The Asian countries kept this
crop to themselves until the Europeans noticed them in the early seventeen hundreds. European
nations began to plant them in 1740. Eventually, soybeans were introduced into the American
colonies in 1765, where they called them "Chinese Vetches". The soybean plants were observed to
flourish in the Pennsylvania soil and climate. Soybeans became ... Show more content on
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The main difference is when they harvest them, so all edamame are soybeans but the same cannot be
said in reverse. Edamame are large, green, sweet soybeans, that are harvested before maturity. A
small window is available for this product, as it needs to be young and soft rather than dry and
mature as the other soybeans. When harvesting this crop, a special combine is used to not rip the
beans out of the pod. After harvest, the beans are taken to a plant to market. Arkansas is currently
the only state in the United States to grow edamame commercially. Other countries such as
Thailand, China, and Japan make up the bulk of production. Asian markets usually carry these
soybeans for various reasons. The largest consumers of these beans are the China, Japan, and the
United States. Mature, or normal soybeans are grown all over the world and are the demand for the
soy products only increases the popularity of the crop. They are considered the normal soybean and
harvested dry without a special combine. Generally speaking, edamame is healthier than normal
soybeans. It has a lower amount of calories, less fat content, and fewer carbohydrates. Although
normal soybeans have more protein, more calcium, and more dietary fiber per serving. Both kinds of
soybeans are low in sodium and are considered to be a valuable addition to daily nourishment.
Edamame is usually eaten for a snack or with other dishes such as soups, salads,

Characteristics Of Chinese Cuisine And Cookery
5.2.2 Chinese Cuisine and Cookery
As is analyzed in the section 4.3.1 that Chinese restaurants are mainly characterized by distinct
regional cuisines that they focus on, it can be also interpreted from another angle that Chinese
cuisine covers a wide spectrum of regional features. Together with different geological and climatic
characteristics in different regions, different eating habits of local culture have determined the
distinction of Chinese cuisines (Liu 56), and generally speaking, the taste of northern cuisine is
mainly salty, eastern cuisine is sweet, and a great part of southern and western cuisine is spicy.
Consequently, in China, every region or city has its own unique cuisines. To be more specific, in
speaking of northern cuisine, Beijing can be a good representative city with a history of thousands
of years being the capital in both ancient and contemporary China, and cuisine in Beijing has
inherited the tradition of exquisite and time–consuming preparations because dishes in the ancient
time were created to gratify ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As I have learnt from Chinese history before, the legendary feast (called Manchu–Han Full Banquet
in English) that were created in the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911) for the emperor (Liu 58) is
quintessential in the food culture of Beijing. However, seldom Chinese people have had this feast in
their entire lifetime, because the feast originally contains 108 dishes, combining cuisines of
Manchurian and Han styles. However, today, the most representative cuisine of Beijing is probably
the Beijing duck which must be carefully and skillfully prepared for hours in order to provide
consumers the experience of enjoying three consecutive dishes made of one duck, including "the
crisp skin, with a hoisin–based sauce", "the duck meat stir–fried with vegetables", and "a soup made
with the duck's bones" (qtd. in Lo 301). In the western China, Xi'an is outstanding for its cuisine
specializing

How Did Soybeans Grow
Introduction: There are many different uses for the Glycine Max also known as the Soybean. They
can be used as food for both humans and for animals. The oil from the soybean also produces a
solvent that can safely and quickly remove oil from creeks, rivers and shorelines. This is done
without harming any plants or animals that are near these bodies of water (uses of soybeans). There
are many factors that can effect the way soybeans grow. One of the ways is by creating a limited
supply of soil nutreince, water and sunlight. This is often created by planting the soybean plants too
close to each other according to Dr. Susan Petterson (Peterson) The experiment was conducted to
prove that when soybeans are planted close together that it will have ... Show more content on
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The prediction was that the number of hight of the soybean plant would be dramatically different in
the experimental group compared to the control group. This difference would have been due to the 5
soybean plants that where in each pot in the experimental group while there would the be one plant
in each of the pots for the control group. The findings from this experiment are important to soybean
biology and the agriculture practices because it proved that soybeans could be planted close to each
other within a certain ration of resources to plants. This information may become useful in the future
because it will allow farmers to plant their crop closer together to allow a higher production of
soybeans in a smaller area if needed. A strength in this experiment was the amount of different data
points that where collected. A weakness in the experiment was possible portion of fertilizer in the
soil. Even though the same brand was throughout the experiment there could still have been a
different ratio of soil to fertilizer in the bag. The findings from this experiment may be useful in
future studies because it is now known that soybean plants can be planted together but that ratio is
still unknown. In the future another experiment can be conducted to figure out the ratio of soybean
plants to soil where they can be planted together while still being able to successfully

Ancient Chinese Diet
What They Ate
In Ancient China, the people ate healthy. The Chinese ate a lot of vegetables but the variety was
small. The vegetable range consisted of Cucumbers and Soybeans, and apparently, it's been dated
that they've been eating that since 1000 BC. The Soybean was an important grain for the Chinese. At
one point in Chinese Food History, Wine was more popular than tea, the first wine that was
introduced to them was Yellow Rice Wine, also known as Huangjiu. Huangjiu is a rice wine made
from water and cereal grains like rice, millet, sorghum and wheat. This type of alcohol contained
less than 20% of actual alcohol, and it was aged for as long as 20 years. (Wikipedia, n.d.) Chinese
people also ate all kinds of meats from different animals, however, not all could afford it so they
replaced it with tofu as a cheaper source of protein. Tofu is bean curd, it is rich in nutrients like
calcium, iron, high protein and has little fat. It replaced meat for the poor Chinese since they didn't
eat meat regularly, only on special occasions. They made a law that would give every Chinese
person a free cup of tofu every week, I did not find any evidence of this law but tofu was still
important to the Chinese and their healthy diet Tea was also common in china, and it grew wild all
over China and they had plenty of it, everyone drank tea, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
It was also said that dropping chopsticks will bring bad luck, the Chinese have many superstitions,
and some refer to chopsticks. Modern day Chinese food is also similar because China is very large
and it takes a long time for change to happen, the north still sticks to wheat and the south sticks to
rice. China is very diverse in terms of food, people have different taste, some Chinese like spicy
food some don't, but the range will always have noodles and

Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome : Soybeans
Soybeans are a part of the legume family and have several benefits to the world. Even though the
average person doesn't realize it, soybeans are a part of our everyday life. Soybeans can be used to
feed our livestock or is simmering in grandma's soup pan. They can also be detected in soaps,
cosmetics and even vitamins. This tiny bean is an excellent source of protein and dietary fiber.
However, there is one evil diagnosis that is out to cut the production of soybeans and that is Soybean
Sudden Death Syndrome.
Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS) has been a problem in soybeans across the United States.
According to the Effects of Crop Rotation of Soybean with Corn on Severity of Sudden Death
Syndrome and Population Densities of Heterodera Glycines in Naturally Infested Soil; there was 2.4
million tonnes of soybean loss in 2005 due to SDS (One tonnes is equivalent to 1.1 U.S. tons.).
Sudden Death Syndrome is caused by two main pathogens, the fungus, Fusarium virguliforme, and
the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines. Sometimes symptoms are confined to certain strips
in the field. This may be due to soil structure and if there has been any previous infection of SDS in
that field from the prior year. After a few weeks of growth, the diameter of the affected area can
increase. However this is not always likely. It has been shown that heavy rains during reproductive
stages of growth can cause the SDS to develop and ultimately flourish. The wetter the soil, the
greater the

The Soybean Aphid, An Invasive Insect Of North America
The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines is an invasive insect in North America. Kingdom: Animalia,
Phylum: Arthropoda, Class: Insecta, Order: Hemiptera, Family: Aphididae, Genus: Aphis, Species:
A. glycines ("Soybean Aphid").
(Diers, et al. 2009)
The soybean aphid is native to Asia and a common pest in China ("Soybean Aphid"). Asian
countries that experience the soybean aphid as an occasional pest are Indonesia, Japan, Korea,
Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand ("Soybean Aphid"). The aphids were identified in Wisconsin
in the summer of 2000 (Venette et al. 2004). Many believe that the soybean aphid arrived a few
years prior to its identification because of the pest thrived in small numbers. Typically farmers and
agronomist are not going to know a foreign species until they are looking for cause of crop injury.
The invasion is believed to be accidental as the aphids were most likely introduced from, "China or
Japan carried by an international airline passenger or associated with a horticultural cargo" (Venette
et al. 2004). Only two years after being identified the aphids were found in 20 states including the
Midwest and along the East Coast which contain approximately 89 percent of the land in the United
States used to grow soybeans (Soybean Aphid). The soybean aphid was able to move quickly across
the continental United States. These small insects utilized wind currents to be carried great distances
and luckily for them the soybeans are one of

Corn Essay
Corn America
The demand for corn has greatly increased because of its many new found uses but mainly because
it has been discovered that corn can be use as an alternate energy source. This great demand for corn
has increased many area of farming and production of corn here and other countries such as Mexico
and South America. This great demand has lead to an increase in farmers who are willing to cash in
on these cash crops and try to earn a few quick dollars because of the great demand for it. In 2007
Corn farmer saw record profits because famer where getting twice as much for corn as they did in
previous years. The same trend continued but farmers dealt with so many obstacle such as weather,
bugs and lack of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This would create and elastic effect on the corn market because the huge demand for corn oil will
remain the same but with the discovery corn for energy it has made it a hot commodity and very
profitable amongst farmers therefore corn oil would take a back seat for now until other resources
can be used to produce energy. These farmers are going to slow down their productions of corn for
corn oil and increase the production of corn for energy because it is the more profitable thing to do
and its makes perfect business sense. Now the demand for the corn oil remains the same, but the
productions for it has slowed greatly if not stopped, this means that farmers and corn producers will
need to raise the price of corn for corn products so they will be able to stay on the market longer and
have a longer shelf life until another year or harvest comes around.
Birger, j. (2007). The great corn gold rush. CNN Money, Retrieved from
http://money.cnn.com/2007/03/29/magazines/fortune/corn_gold_rush.fortune/index.htm
Breamer, J. (2009). Demand for corn and soybeans continue in 2010. High Plains Journal, (53),
Retrieved from http://www.hpj.com/archives/2009/dec09/dec28/1228CropOutlookwspeakerpicj.cfm
Law of supply. (n.d.). Investopia News and Articles, Retrieved from

Essay on Roundup
"If you read Wall Street's reports, they don't talk of soya bean as originating in China. They don't
talk of soya bean as soya bean. They talk of Monsanto soya. Monsanto soya is protected by a patent.
It has a patent number. It is therefore treated as a creation of Monsanto, a product of Monsanto's
intelligence and innovation." – Vandana Shiva (Barsamian, 1997)
Introduction
Monsanto is a Saint Louis Chemical manufacturer that is a major player in the weed killing
business. Monsanto has quite a portentous past. They developed and produced the notorious
defoliant "Agent Orange" used in the Vietnam War, they invented the controversial recombinant
Bovine Growth Hormone (rBGH), and they were the inventors and world's main producer of ...
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Important Issues
– Are we using too much Roundup?
– Is Roundup safe enough to be using in the mass quantities it is being used for?
– Should we continue to support Monsanto by purchasing their product while they are pushing
Roundup Ready Soybeans – a crop system that is no tastier, no healthier, and no cheaper than the
way Soybeans have been grown in the past?
Roundup Ready Soybeans
Monsanto's Roundup Ready Soybean (RRS) is a genetically engineered variety of soybeans, which
contains gene sequences from a cauliflower mosaic virus (CMV), a petunia, and a bacterium
(Agrobacterium sp.) (Greenpeace, 1997). The two bacterial genes, in short, provide for resistance
against Roundup, resulting in a crop of soybeans that can be sprayed with Roundup to protect it
from weeds, while not injuring it. In 1996, U.S. farmers harvested about 1.2 million acres of
Roundup Ready Soybeans, and although this crop represented only about 2 percent of U.S.
soybeans, it will be mixed with conventional soybeans – unlabeled – to become part of as much as
60 percent of all processed foods that contain some soy–based ingredient (Bruno, 1997). In the
United States, most consumers are likely to have already ingested small amounts of transgenic soy
in such common food as margarine, chocolate, baby food, and

Monsanto Research Paper
MON87705, commercially "Vistive Gold", also known as Improved Fatty Acid Profile Soybean
MON 87705, is one of Monsanto's "Round–up ready" type GMOs. In the soybean, three genes were
modified in three different areas. Glyphosate, a competitive inhibitor for phosphoenolpyruvate, is a
commonly used herbicide that increases a farmer's yield. However, this herbicide is fatal to plants if
too much is used. Glyphosate interferes with the biosynthesis of the aromatic amino acids
phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, which are only synthesized in plants and microorganisms.
In Monsanto's genetically modified soybean, the CP4 EPSPS Agrobacterium gene (5–
enolpyruvylshikimate–3– phosphate synthase) is incorporated. The CP4 ESPS gene is used as a
selectable marker to identify transgenic plants during the transformation process. The insertion of
this gene ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Indoor growing has virtually no risk of having any weeds growing in the first place, so herbicides
would not be needed in that situation. Also, recently, there is a new invention called the Harrington
Seed Destructor. In Australia, resistant weeds have taken most of Western Australia. Since
Australian farmers turned to using herbicides, the weeds have quickly become multiresistant– to at
least four classes of herbicides in a matter of years. The only herbicide classes, called Photosystem
II and long–chain fatty acid inhibitors remain effective everywhere. However, non–chemical ways
of disposing with weeds, such as ryegrass, have been effectively destroying 95% of the ryegrass
population, also returning the nutrients from the chaff of the weed back into the soil. Using these
two solutions, farmers can grow Genetically Modified Seeds without trouble, and retain the benefits
of the GMOs without receiving the bad

Soy Environmental Impact On Health And Environmental...
Over the last few decades, there has been an increase in the production of soybeans globally. Soy is
an essential part of the global food supply due to its high protein and energy levels. Millions of acres
of lands have been converted for agriculture either directly or indirectly due to the increased soy
production. The use of soy has attributed to immense health benefits, further; it leads to the
improvement of the economy. Soy is fast growing, highly nutritious, can help in addressing the
challenge of food security and capable of growing in many environmental conditions. However, the
growth of soy comes at a cost, it requires the countries involved to produce it more responsibly. As
such, it has led to the destruction of the ecosystem and also detrimental effects on the human health.
This paper aims at discussing the impacts of soy production on the environment, human health as
well as the ethical concerns with the consumption of soy beans.
The effects of the growth of different types of food on the environment are dependent on the
intensity of cultivation over time and space; the inputs applied including the water, the fertilizer, the
pesticides and also the management of inputs such as the crop residue and the tillage. Tillage, the
use of fertilizers, crop monoculture often has driver stating impacts on the soil, water and also
biodiversity. In the United States, agriculture is the leading cause of water– quality impairment.
Further, more than 50% of the land is used in

Egyptian Academic Journal Of Biological Sciences
Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci., 9(3): 49–67 (2016)
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences
A. Entomology
ISSN 1687– 8809 www.eajbs.eg.net Survey, Seasonal Abundance of Thrips species and First Record
of Two Species
Associated With Soybean and Weed Plants in Egypt
A. S. Abd El–Wahab
Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo
University, Giza, Egypt
Correspondence:abeer5698987@yahoo.com
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Article History
Received:30/6/2016
Accepted:5/8/2016
________________
Keywords:
Thysanoptera
Thrips
Soybean
Identification
Survey
Seasonal abundance
Weeds
Several thrips species are known to feed on soybean (Glycine max
Merr.) and can cause yield reduction. Beside, the other important reason for thrips survey is to
determine its role as vectors of
Tospovirus in soybean. There is little information available about thrips species present on soybean
crop, and their abundance in Egypt.
Field survey took place at the farm of Agricultural Experiment
Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza Governorate,
Egypt (season 2014) to survey the different thrips species. Soybean cv.
Giza 111 was sown in late May. The experimental area received all the usual agricultural practices
except for any pest control measures.
Thrips species associated with soybean were collected and differentiated to species. A total of 16

different thrips species was surveyed. These included 14 phytophagous and 2 predator thrips
species. The most abundant

Identification And Characterization Of Soybean Veins
Egyptian journal of Virology (EJV).,(13):1.13pp.
1
Identification and Characterization of Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV): A newly Isolated
Thrips–Borne Tospovirus in
Egypt
A.S. Abd El–Wahab 1 and Manal A. El–Shazly 2
1
Faculty of Agriculture, Economic Entomology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt,
abeer5698987@yahoo.com
2
Virus and Phytoplasma Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Res.
Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
Abstract
A virus isolate infecting soybean (Glycine max L.) with characteristic symptoms start as yellowish
patches (chlorosis) along the leaf,s main vein and sometimes between the veins, which turn into
necrotic brown or reddishbrown areas was collected from the Experimental farm of Faculty of
Agriculture, Cairo University ,Giza Governorate during May 2014/2015. To identify the causal
virus, the plants were tested by enzyme–linked immunesorbent assay using antibodies against
different Tospovirus i,e. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) and
Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV). Preliminary results revealed the presence of Soybean vein
necrosis virus (SVNV) in tested soybean plants by double antibody sandwich (DAS–ELISA) using
SVNV specific antiserum and by tissue and dot blotting immuneo–binding assay. SVNV was able to
infect only 11 plant species from 28 tested by mechanical inoculation. The virus was transmitted by
mechanical means and by phytophagous thrips species; the most efficient vector was

Food Inc. Summary Essay
Food Inc. opens in an American supermarket and draws attention to the unnatural nature of year–
round tomatoes and boneless meat. It pulls aside the curtain that is concealing the truth about food
from the consumer. After the brief intro, the movie shifts its focus to the topic of fast food and its
impact on the meat industries. Fast food virtually started with McDonald's. When they decided to
simplify their menu and hire employees that repeated one task over and over for minimum wage, the
result was the fast food phenomenon that swept the United States, and then the world. Today,
McDonald's is the largest purchaser of beef and potatoes in the United States, and is one of the
largest purchasers of pork, chicken, tomatoes, and apples. Though ... Show more content on
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Corn is the number one grain used to feed animals for slaughter. Feeding cows corn instead of their
natural diet lead to the unintentional creation of 157H7 E. coli, a deadly bacteria that can kill. The
film reveals how food standards have dropped, with only 9,164 safety inspections from the FDA
each year as compared to over 50,000 in 1972. The food industry has become consolidated to the
point of a few companies having a great deal of power and influence via the government. The
USDA is no longer able to shutdown plants with contaminated meat. A bill titled "Kevin's Law" had
the intent of changing that, but, after 6 years, the bill still has not been passed. Food companies have
made some attempts to reduce E. coli by cleaning their meats in an ammonia solution. However,
unhealthy food is being subsidized and contributing to American obesity and the rise of type 2
diabetes in adolescents. The film then travels to a hog processing plant that kills 32,000 hogs a day.
They expose the strategy of the company to hire extremely poor and illegal immigrants who can't
afford to quit their jobs, despite problems with frequent infections of the hands and fingernails, a
side effect of poor sanitation standards. We then discover that it has been legal to patent life since
the 1980s, and learn about the company Monsanto's round up resistant soybean that now makes up
90% of the soybean market. Monsanto

Case Study Of Biscuit
Chapter–1 Introduction Biscuit is the one of the oldest bakery snack item, consumed by all age
groups. It is a product with better shelf life and one of the most liked bakery product by the urban as
well as rural consumers. In India biscuit industries are pegged at 3,000 crores of which the
unorganized sector accounts as much as 35 %. India is the one of the largest biscuit producer
country in the world and last few years have witnessed substantial ... Show more content on
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Kinsella (1976) defined protein functionality as those physical and chemical properties which affect
the behavior of proteins in food systems during processing, storage, prepration and consumption.
Proteins are linked to functional properties such as solubility, water binding, gelation, foaming and
color, whereas starch is associated with solubility, swelling, water absorption, viscosity, and
gelatinize (Bressani, 1985). Functional properties are physicochemical properties that give
information on how a food ingredient will behave in food system. The functionality of plantain and
okara flours can logically be attributed to its chemical components as determined by raw materials
processing and storage conditions. Properties such as solubility, viscosity, water and fat binding,
emulsification, foaming and gelation are of general interest (Hermansson, 1979). The method of
Okaka and Potter (1977) with some modifications was used for determining the swelling capacity of
okara and plantain flours. Foaming capacity and foaming stability were determined as described by
Narayana and Narasinga Rao, (1982) with slight modifications. Fracture strength of biscuits was
measured with the help of Texture Analyzer (model TA–XT2i, Stable Micro systems, Haslemere,
U.K) using a 3–point Bending Rig and 5 kg load cell. Biscuit samples were analyzed for

The Ethics Of Eating Meat ( RUGH DRAFT )
The Ethics of Eating Meat (ROUGH DRAFT)
Humans have been eating meat for many centuries but it is questionable if the choice is ethical or
not. In this case, meat–eaters are just as equal as plant–eater in which they both consume a source of
food that dies in the process. Not all farms are harmful towards animals, as there are other farms that
nurture their animals the way that they should. Everyone, whether they chose to eat animals or
plants, we all eat for the state of contentment, but it is more respectable when a consumer is
appreciative and well conscious of what it is they are eating. Overall, eating leads a living creature,
animals and plants, to dying for human consumption. Eating meat is not a moral defying act for it is
just as equal of a decision on only consuming plants.
*Vegans or vegetarians, appearing as the better group of eaters in the world, have their own diet that
may be seen as a higher act of respecting food but it is just as equal as eating animals. It is hard to
escape the "wrongness" of eating such as the killing process or how the food is assembled for
human consumption. *Vegans, focus on eating foods that do not include any animal meat such as
soybean based tofu, however they miss the fact that foods like that still come from the same field
where animals were extinguished. (Source B). Whether it would be plants or animals, both of them
still lose their living aspect to be eaten. Foods that do not involve animal meat, such as the soy bean
based

A Research Study On Breast Cancer
Introduction
Breast Cancer accounts for more than 20 percent of cancer in women, and is the primary cause of
cancer death among women globally.1 Despite extensive scientific research on the disease, the
outlook on a cure arguably remains poor. While some breast cancer survivors and women at high
risk remain hopeful that soy intake will reduce the risk or even cure cancer, the recommendations
are conflicting. For decades, the relationship between soy foods, supplements, phytoestrogen intake
and cancer has prompted considerable debate for scientists and clinicians. Patients with breast
cancer are frequently advised to avoid soy foods.2 And, the American Cancer Society recommends
"breast cancer survivors consume only moderate amounts of ... Show more content on
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9,10 (See Table 1.1)
Table 1.1: Isoflavones (mg) in Soy Foods
Food #mg
60 g textured vegetable (soy) protein 45 mg
½ cup miso 59 mg
½ cup soybeans, boiled 47 mg
3 oz tempeh 37 mg
1 cup soy milk 30 mg
3 oz tofu 20 mg
Source: USDA Nutrient Data Laboratory
There are many proposed mechanisms that attempt to explain how the phytochemicals in soybeans
exhibit anti–carcinogenic activity. We do know that genistein affects microRNA expression –
targeted translation inhibitors for multiple proteins implicated in the regulation of various
pathobiological processes in cancer.11
Lignans include matairesinol and secoisolariciresinol, which are transformed by intestinal bacteria
into estrogenic compounds. Lignans are found in flax seeds, whole–wheat flour, tea, some fruits and
other cereal grains.4 They are found in the woody portions of fruits and vegetable, in seed coats and
in grain bran of fiber–rich cereals.5 Phytoestrogens are ingested in their natural beta– glycosidic
forms. The beta glycosidic forms are hydrolyzed to their aglycones in the intestine, absorbed, and
then linked in the intestinal wall and live with glucuronic acid to make them more water–
soluble.12,13 These metabolites of isoflavones preodominate in blood and urine.4 Isoflavones are
excreted from the body within 24 hours after ingestion. On the

Soybean Vs Roasted Essay
As seen in Figure 1, birds fed roasted soy beans had a significantly larger weight than birds fed raw
soybeans for the first 3 weeks of the trial, however, by the 4th week, both treatments produced
similar sized birds. In terms of growth rate, as seen in Figure 2, the birds in both treatments showed
exponential growth between the 3rd and 4th week of treatments. This was slightly more noticeable
in he raw soybean treatment. The percent fat of the bird's body composition, depicted in Figure 3,
was highest on days 14 and 21 of the treatments, however, more so in the roasted soybean treatment.
The bars for the roasted treatment of the aforementioned days had a high standard error range,
therefore the graph may not be completely accurate. The percent meat on the bird carcasses, shown
in Figure 4, fluctuated between both treatments over the course of the experiment, however both
treatments levelled out by day 28.
The goal of this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, it was assumed muscle growth would be lower in treatment 1, but would increase during
compensatory growth in birds from both trials. The reasoning for this prediction was that raw
soybeans contain less usable nutrients than roasted ones, therefore, the birds in treatment 1 were
more deficient than treatment 2. Feed restriction between birth and 2 weeks of age will result in
lower muscle growth, but if switched to proper feed soon after, birds will experience nearly full
compensatory growth (Vellemen et al. 2010).
In terms of data, most potential errors seemed to have occurred in fat and muscle composition
analysis, as standard error ranges were large in terms of the roasted treatment and neither Figure 3
nor 4 had a distinct linear pattern. This may be due to the fact many students dissected the bird
carcasses, and my have incorrectly measured fat or muscle weight during

Deforestation In The Amazon Rainforest
Introduction Deforestation is an environmental problem everybody gets affected by; but not equally.
Cutting down trees and degrading the soil of an eco–system can change it for the worse and leave it
unrecoverable. The Amazon Rainforest is a large and very biodiverse ecosystem that stretches
across 5,500,000 kilometers. The Amazon Rainforest is not a stranger to deforestation since the late
1960's. Deforestation in the amazon forest will cripple all organisms that rely heavily on the forest
to provide for a sustainable life, while others not directly impacted may benefit from it. Other people
may benefit from the deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest from the profit that comes with the use
of land for agriculture/livestock. However, the tribes, plants, and animals, that live in the Amazon
Rainforest suffer from the loss of Biodiversity, the habitat and resources that are being taken away
from clearing forests, and the reduced air quality along with the increased carbon emissions.
Deforestation is a process of demolition towards the ecosystem.
Agriculture/Livestock
Agriculture and cattle ranching have been profitable for other parties that do not live off the land.
Cattle ranching is the largest force of deforestation in the Amazon, which accounts for 80% of
deforestation. Brazil has cleared up to 24 to 25 million hectares for the growth of soybean crops and
is the second largest producer of soybeans. Cattle ranching and soy beans are linked together
because when farmers expand to develop deeper into the forest, and abandon cattle pastures; they
plant soy beans on the pasture to reuse the land. Deforestation started in the early 90's because of the
agriculture of soybeans and cattle ranches. In 1995 11,200 square miles of the Amazon Rainforest
was cut down, which set a record for how much forest was cut down in the Amazon in a year.
Deforestation went into a decline between the period of 2007 to 2012 because of the decline in
prices of soybeans and beef. However, since 2012 soybeans price has increased rapidly by 29
percent by 2016. The market has been a driving force in deforestation because of the profit it holds
for the farmers. Since the prices spiked, farmers have been clearing more land. Not only the

What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Soybean
Soybean is an important crop, with food, nutritional, industrial, and pharmaceutical uses. Soybean
seeds contain about 40% protein and about 20% oil. They are also abundant in physiologically
active metabolites such as isoflavones, lecithins, tocopherols and saponins, in addition to functional
proteins and are used as an affordable source of foods that promote and maintain health (Sugano
2005).
The genomic era is now under way for soybean, as for other many crops. Recently, a soybean
genomics database has been developed from the whole genome sequence (Schmutz et al. 2010), and
a large number of genomic, transcriptional, and functional annotated sequences can be retrieved
from Phytozome In addition to efforts to sequence the whole genome, several ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
2006, Herman et al. 2003, Nishizawa et al. 2010).
ADVANTAGES OF SOYBEAS TRANSFORMATION
Insect and nematode resistance
Insecticidal crystal proteins (cry proteins or δ–endotoxins) are an active component of Bacillus
thuringiensis(Bt) toxin, a biological insecticide (Tabashnik 1994). Expression of the Bt cry gene in
soybean has proven highly effective for controlling insect pests , and the resistance to lepidopteran
pests in a transgenic line expressing Bt cry1A was confirmed under field conditions
Disease resistance
Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is endemic in virtually all regions where soybeans are grown in the
presence of vector insects. SMV can cause serious yield losses (Ross 1969), so virus resistance is an
essential trait for introduction
Abiotic stress tolerance
Drought stress is one of the major environmental limitations on crop production. Transgenic
soybean expressing P5CR, encoding l–Δ1–pyrroline–5–carboxylate reductase, which catalyzes the
final step in proline biosynthesis, under the control of an inducible heat shock promoter was more
tolerant to drought and high temperature than non–transgenic plants (De Ronde et al. 2004a,

Cancer and Soy Protein Essay example
Soy has been greatly exaggerated as the answer to all our problems for years. Soy, in and of itself, is
toxic to the human body unless cooked thoroughly and properly. There are several side affects of
soy consumption, but the one I will be discussing is cancer. The 'miracle cure' for cancer is said to
be soy protein and isoflavone supplements. Cancer rates are at an all–time high, and the disease is
the second leading cause of mortality in the United States. The idea that soy could save lives sounds
amazing but, unfortunately, that is not the case.
Lots of studies prove that soy protein (or isoflavones) is conflicting or unproductive, but only a few
show that it might prevent cancer. Even some affirm that it can contribute to or ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
This puts consumers at a greater risk for many health problems, including cancer. The soy industry
says that soy has a long list of evidence in the prevention and healing of gastrointestinal cancers.
The fact that soy protein is linked with a lowered risk of stomach cancer but a higher risk of death
from colorectal cancer was made known by the most remarkable study to come along in recent
years. Little or no association is shown by most epidemiological studies. Those from the allium
family like onions and garlic and yellow and green vegetables seem to be the most hopeful foods for
cancer defense. Other foods have been found protective like eggplant, tomatoes, poultry, celery, tea,
milk, fish, and snap beans. Soy is not the only dietary savior. The studies fail to sustain Solae
Company's petition for a health claim for soy protein, but give good support for the FDA's
endorsement of fruits and veggies as a way to prevent cancer. Foods that are pickled, smoked and
fried, vegetable cooking oils, processed meats, high–salt dishes, and fermented beans mainly labeled
soy miso are often associated with stomach and colon cancers. Things that have also been
implicated are smoking, alcohol, noodles, bread and other starchy carbohydrates, 'speed eating,' and
binge eating. It is not shocking that miso and other fermented soybean products are associated to
gastrointestinal cancers

Factors Influencing Food Choices Of Consumers And Food...
commonly described as 'bitter', 'rough' and 'dry mouth feel'. Such characteristics minimises
consumers and food companies from using soybeans in food materials. Multiple test methods are
required in order to investigate what consumers desire. A consumer preference testing allow
researchers to identify which sample are most preferred or least preferred. However, a descriptive
testing is require to investigate what flavours are present in the sample in order evaluate those that
are disliked or liked. Various studies has been conducted to see which samples of soy products are
preferred by consumers, as well as an descriptive tests to identify those sensory flavour and aroma
that are undesirable. These combination of methods informs effectively to manufactures what
flavours of soy products would be most accepted to consumers. Understanding factors influencing
food choices of consumers from various cultures is a profound aspect in product development.
Individuals' preferences for sensory characteristics in food; such as texture, taste and odour are
suggested to be a very complex aspect. Other non–sensory factors can also affect consumers food
choices, such as the individuals past exposure to the food, price, their expectation and attitudes,
ethical concerns and health claims of the food. These factors may largely affect consumers
evaluation of products and should be considered when analysing the data. Literature review
Lipoxygenase enzyme Various properties of soybeans

Effect of Different Types of Coagulant on the Yield,...
Introduction: The soybean is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible
bean which has numerous uses. Soybeans are an important source of vegetable oil and protein
worldwide. The beans contain significant amounts of alpha–linolenic acid, omega–6 fatty acid, and
the isoflavones genistein and daidzein which claim able to fight against breast cancer, prostate
cancer, menopausal symptoms and heart disease (Ruiz– Larrea et al., 1997). In daily life, we take
soya bean drink and Tau Fu Fah, and we use tofu, tow–kua, fu–chok and tofu–pok in our cooking.
Tau Fu Fah is a Chinese dessert made with an extra soft form of tofu. It is also referred to as tofu
pudding. It is usually served either with a clear sweet syrup ... Show more content on
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Soymilk is basically produced from the aqueous extraction of whole soybeans

Protein Essay
Proteins are widely used in the food industry as foaming and emulsifying agents (Wilde et al. 2004).
They stabilize oil–in–water emulsions by forming an interfacial membrane where the adsorbed
proteins unfold and rearrange their secondary and tertiary structures to expose hydrophobic residues
to the hydrophobic phase (MacRitchie, 1978). Plant proteins are low cost, non–toxic, natural,
biocompatible, and biodegradable polymers. In recent years, plant proteins have drawn increasing
attention from the food and pharmaceutical industries as an alternative to animal proteins due to
increased consumer concerns over the safety of animal–derived products (e.g., prion diseases) (Liu
et al., 2010). Among plant proteins, soybean proteins are the ... Show more content on
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Among the chemical treatments, pH–shifting is a relatively new method that adjusts the pH of a
protein solution to extreme basic or acidic conditions to unfold the protein, followed by changing
the pH back to neutral to refold the protein. This unfolding–refolding process has been reported to
effectively modify the protein functional properties (Jiang et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2016). High
intensity ultrasound or power ultrasound refer to sonic waves that are at frequencies higher than
sound audible to the human ear, with sound intensities in the range of 0.1–1 W/cm2 (Feng and Yang,
2011). The mode of action of ultrasound–induced protein–structure modification is often attributed
to acoustic cavitation. The physical forces produced by cavitation, such as shear forces produced by
micro–streaming and normal impingement from the water jets at the solid–liquid interfaces, help to
break down the protein particles or aggregates in dispersions (Lee et al., 2016). Conventional
ultrasonic modification of protein functionality is performed at relatively low cavitation intensities.
Consequently, a relatively long treatment time, i.e. 15–30 min for soy proteins (Hu et al., 2013) is
required to produce meaningful changes in protein structures. There is a

Soybean Essay
Chapter 1 Introduction
The soybean (US) or soya bean (UK) (Glycine max) is a species of legume inherited to East Asia,
widely grown for its edible bean which has numerous uses. It is economically the most important
bean in the world, providing vegetable protein for millions of people and ingredients for hundreds of
chemical products and a potential source of bioactive peptides. Fat–free soybean meal is a
significant and cheap source of protein. However, the recent knowledge of soy nutritional and
functional properties has considerably increased the interest and consumption of soy products also
in Western World. The associated advantages of the use of soy products in preventing heart disease,
obesity, cancer, blood cholesterol, diabetes, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Desmethoxycurcumin and bis–desmethoxycurcumin are the other two curcuminoids of turmeric.
The curcuminoids are natural phenols that are responsible for the yellow color of turmeric which
may be used as a food colouring. Curcumin can exist in several tautomeric forms, including a 1, 3–
diketo form and two equivalent enol forms. The enol form is energetically more stable in the solid
phase and in solution. As a food additive, its E number is E100
Whey addition to soymilk increases its therapeutic as well as nutritional value. It also helps in
fermentation as it contains lactose which is a good substrate for lactic acid bacteria during
fermentation. Addition of whey also increases mineral and vitamin content of soymilk which are
retains in whey. Whey disposal problem is also reduced which is utilized for human nutrition.
While curcumin is not used in regular medicine, it is widely prescribed in Indian medicine as a
potent remedy for liver disorders, runny nose, diabetic wounds, rheumatism, digestive aids, cough,
and sinusitis. Curcumin has both antioxidant and anti–microbial properties, and it may help lower
cholesterol by stopping the oxidation of cholesterol to promote vascular

The Roundup Ready Solution Is An Important Legume Crop
Introduction The Glycine max (L.) Merr soybean is an important legume crop (Zhang et. al. 2013).
Soybeans are used to produce oils, proteins (Zhang et. al., 2013), and soymeal (Cherubin, 2008).
Soybean oil is largely produced and consumed globally (Cherubin, 2008). Soymeal provides 70% of
an animal's protein (Cherubin, 2008). Canada is a top producer of soybeans worldwide (Cherubin,
2008). The Roundup Ready (R.R.) gene is often incorporated into the soybean seeds (Villela et. al.,
2014) and is sold by licensed seed companies such as Monsanto, Pioneer, and Novartis (Bullock et.
al., 2004). The Roundup Ready solution is a glyphosate compound, which is a low cost yet effective
herbicide (Bullock et. al., 2004). The R.R. gene is incorporated ... Show more content on
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The objective of this study was to determine the level of the Roundup Ready gene in a sample of
soybean plants and determine the efficacy of an Agdia strip test as measured by the frequency of
false positives and false negatives of the test in comparison to the reaction of plants to the herbicide
glyphosate.
Methods and Materials In this experiment, Glycine max (L.) Merr soybeans were used. 40 of these
soybeans were provided for the experiment. Each student was assigned a specific soybean plant to
use. A small leaf would be torn from the stem of the soybean. This leaf was then weighed using a
top loading balance. The leaf was to weigh approximately 0.12 to 0.16 grams. Gloves were worn
when handling the extraction bag. The top of the bag was cut using scissors, and the leaf was then
placed between two layers of mesh in the bag. The bag was then temporarily sealed to do the
extraction. Students used the blunt end of a pen to rub the leaf in order to mix the contents. The
extraction then sat for 30 seconds minimum, then an Agdia ImmunoStrip was provided to test the
solution. The ImmunoStrip was inserted into the contents by no more than 0.5 centimeters. The
ImmunoStrip was held still in the bag for 3 to 5 minutes, or until the ImmunoStrip appeared
complete. A single test stripe will appear first to indicate that the ImmunoStrip is working. A second
control stripe

Soybeans, The, Inc.
Introduction
USoy, Inc., a multinational company, exports soybeans to China. Soybeans are a type of legume
mainly grown in Asia, South and North America. Due to the diminishing cropland space in China,
demand for soybeans is expected to keep growing in the future. The reason USoy chose soybeans to
export out of all the other products is because soybeans are one of the top agricultural exports from
the United States. Soybeans have many nutritional benefits, they are composed mainly of protein,
low in carbs, high in fiber, good source of various vitamins and minerals and they contain a number
of plant compounds that may help prevent breast and prostate cancer (Arnason, 2015).
Chosen Country – China
The chosen country we decided to export ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the main animals they feed soybeans to are pigs, and China has half of the world's pigs
(Brown, 2013). They also feed their farmed fish. Soybeans are consumed boiled like beans. They are
used to make oil, soybean powder, as a renewable resource, are mixed with other items to be used in
binding furniture. Everyone has some use for soybeans.
Factors Affecting Trade For any country, international trade will have an effect on its economy. One
factors that influences trade in China is inflation. If inflation is high in China, exporting to China
will decrease and local businesses may resort to purchasing in other countries. Another factor that
will influence trade in China is the impact of national income; if this increases compared to the
home country, the current account of the foreign country will decrease, and the real income level
will rise and result in demand for imports. Government policies also affect MNC's when it comes to
subsidizing exports and restrictions on import bills. If exports are subsidized, it will make local
business bigger competition for companies importing to that foreign country. Restrictions on
imports such as imposing of tariffs on imported goods, can reduce the company's import. Any
restrictions on exchange rates will affect the ability to use the revenue that businesses receive in
Renminbi. This will cause the new Chinese law to affect doing business in China. Also if China's
government changes its policies on the value added tax

Food Is A Fundamental Competent
Food is a fundamental competent to all life. A balanced diet provides proper human development.
Living a healthy lifestyle has become a trend in the United States since the election of Obama. The
First Lady has challenged America; specially the youth, to get out, exercise, and stay healthy. Since
healthy has become a trend many people look for all sorts of new ways to live a healthy lifestyle.
For some picking up a vegetarian diet is a way of being healthy. According to the Vegetarianism in
America study, published by Vegetarian Times, research shows that more than 7.3 million people in
America follow a vegetarian–based diet. With more and more people choosing not to consume meat,
the vegetarian market has grown a lot. Since vegetarianism and veganism have gone mainstream so
has vegetarian food. As a vegetarian, it is important that one attains the proper nutrients that one
misses from not consuming meat–based foods. One of the key components to a vegetarian diet is a
vegetable named soybean, also known as the miracle bean. Soy products provide calcium, protein,
iron, and many more nutrients. Since soybeans can be easily manipulated, they are used formed to
be meat textured and flavored to imamate meat. Some of the main vegetarian brands and products
like tofu, Boca products, and Morningstar products contain soybeans. Soybeans have become very
mainstream and transformed the world of cropping.
Soybeans originated in Asia were they are important part to their diets,

Essay on Am I Blue by Beth Henley
Am I Blue by Beth Henley
Works Cited Not Included
The author of Am I Blue, Beth Henley, begins the play with the seventeen–year–old protagonist
John Polk sitting alone in a bar. John contemplates on the red and black card in his hand. From the
street, a sixteen–year–old girl whose name is Ashbe sits next to him. She hides under his raincoat
because she stole two ashtrays from a local inn. Ashbe is a social person and soon begins a
conversation with John. Through persistent questioning, Ashbe discovers John is in a fraternity. John
admits the fraternity is not solving his problems like his brother told him it would. Ashbe, noticing
the red appointment card, asks John why he has an appointment with a prostitute. John responds ?
Yeah, I ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Later, while the two talk about dancing, Ashbe asks John to make love to her. John says he could not
even kiss her with a clear conscience. After John?s comment, Ashbe views herself as undesirable.
John tells her he likes her too much to make love to her. John decides to break his date with the
prostitute and dance all night with someone he cares about, Ashbe. John Polk experiences three
personal conflicts in Am I Blue: his difficulty of adjusting to adulthood, his ambitions in life, and his
attempt to develop individuality.
John Polk?s first conflict is his difficulty of adjusting to adulthood. John is attending college, and he
is involved with a fraternity. John realizes the adult world looms ahead, and he exercises poor
judgment. Life on the soybean farm is different from fraternity life. John is overwhelmed with this
new fast life ?of parties, booze, honking horns?(line 34). John states ?Oh, God, I need to get drunk?
(line115). John resorts to drinking alcohol when he thinks about his problems. The party life of the
fraternity fuels the fire. John drinks alcohol throughout the play to escape from his worries. Toward
the end of the play, however, John makes some adult decisions. John refuses to make love to Ashbe
because he cares for her. Also, instead of going to the prostitute, John stays with Ashbe for the night.
John Polk?s second conflict is deciding his ambitions in life. Ashbe asks John

Monsanto Corporation : An Agricultural Company
The Monsanto Corporation is an agricultural company that is split into four different categories:
agricultural seed, vegetable seeds, weed control, and traits, technologies and partnering. They are a
fortune 500 company headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri and has 21,183 employees at over 400
facilities in 66 countries around the world. I will be focusing on the agricultural seed market of
Monsanto.
Monsanto top brand are DeKalb, Asgrow, Deltapine. These three are their "bread and butter" and a
majority of their profits come from these lines. Since these are high profit seeds lines they spend
most of their research and development money and these. However, many consumers feel that the
seed line Channel is a sleeper line. This is because ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These websites also provide the latest practices in the agricultural market
(http://www.aganytime.com).
The buying process for farmers includes the following stages: planning, placement, products, and
personal service. During the planning stage the dealer works with the consumer to help them
maximize the profit potential by providing them with access to information about current products,
soil reports, and predicted yield for the upcoming planting season. In the placement stage they
provide consumers with different advice for what seed to plant in different soil types, how to rotate
crops effectively, and helping them understand the different weeds or insects that could affect yield.
The product stage is the when the consumer makes the decision to purchase seed from the Monsanto
dealer. During this stage the dealer works with the farmer to help them understand the best and
worse traits of the seed they are planting as well as the genetics behind each seed. They do this on a
field by field basis so that the consumer understands what potential each field has. The last stage is
one of the most important ones and that is personal service. After the sale is done the Monsanto
dealer then periodically checks in with the farmer to understand any concerns they may have or
answer any questions. By completing the follow up Monsanto is reassuring farmers that they will be
there for the entire season and not just the planting part (Monnier).
The bargaining power of

Planting Date Tailored For Enso Based Climate Variability...
PLANTING DATE TAILORED FOR ENSO–BASED CLIMATE VARIABILITY RISK USING
CROPGRO–SOYBEAN MODEL
INTRODUCTION
Brazil has become the second–largest producer of soybean in the world after the United States.
Projections to the year 2020 indicate the country's soybean production will increase to 105 million
tons, mainly due to Brazil's large expanse of arable land with potential to be used for agriculture.
This expansion of soybean production will occur mainly in the North and Northeast parts of the
country (Viana et al., 2013). For example, in the past decade the Para State, Northern Brazil, has
seen phenomenal expansion of soybean crop in area and production. Area under soybean cultivation
has steadily increased over the years from 2 thousands ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The phase of major water demand are flowering and early pod formation and remains high until
physiological maturity (Hu and Wiatrak, 2011). The occurrence of heavy rainfall in the final period
of crop season also represent an important factor limiting crop yield, mainly in soybean production
regions of the Amazon, where the weather patterns, including high temperature and humidity, and
the potential for daily rainfall, can create a near–perfect environment for the outbreak of fungal
diseases and accelerating degradation process of grain causing great losses in the production quality
(Fraisse et al., 2007).
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the one various oceanic–atmospheric phenomena that
influence the weather pattern of many place around of the world, affecting significantly crops
production (Rojas et al., 2014).This phenomenon is characterized basically by sea surface
temperature (SST) anomalies in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. When SST is higher (lower)
than normal the phenomenon is referred to as El Niño (La Niña) or warm (cold) events (Fraisse et
al., 2007). According recent studies, the Amazon region has showed a strong ENSO signal,
particularly in the northeastern in austral summer and autumn (Li et al., 2011, Yoon and Zeng, 2010,
Garreaud et al., 2008), coinciding with the growing season of the most important crops as a soybean
(Sousa et al., 2011). During these period, El Niño (La Niña) years tend to be drier (wetter) than

Essay about Farming The Tambopata Reserve
Tambopata Peru is one of the poorest and most underdeveloped regions of Latin America. The area
is home to undernourished children, lack of secure work and education.
There is an imperative need not just for Tambopata, but all of Peru to increase its economy and
enable the access of basic needs to its citizens. While the area of Tambopata has many arguments for
its potential use, sustainable soybean cultivation is the best approach to improve Peruvian
infrastructure, economy and future preservation of natural areas.
There are many potential land uses for the Tambopata Reserve. One of which, that gains much
environmentalist backing, is slash and burn agriculture. While this method of agriculture has long
traditionally been employed and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the same study, 3.3 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions will be lessened by 2020 through
sustainable soybean production. These methods allow for a reduction in overall costs due to
decreased overhead in both machinery and herbicide applications (Green, 2010).
Perhaps the greatest benefit of using conservation tillage soybean production over other potential
land uses is the consecutive insurance of high yields in small areas. Due to these high yields per
hectare, more land can be saved for the Tambopata Reserve and its inhabitants. Additionally, if
soybeans that were raised within the reserve were taxed, money can come back into the park to aid
in its prosperity and protection of the local soybean market. Many guidelines have been
implemented in neighboring Brazil and Paraguay to ensure both economic growth and rainforest
protection that could be implemented in Tambopata.
If soybean production were undertaken in Tambopata, the crops would be raised under World
Wildlife Federation and the Nature Conservancy's guidelines of "Forest Friendly Soy" (Schnoecker,
2007). This means that at least eighty percent of farmers land must be preserved as forest to make up
for the twenty percent farmed. The World Wildlife Federation recently awarded Paraguay with the
"Leaders for a Living Planet" award in recognition of their "Zero Deforestation Law," which
prohibits the conversion of forested to agricultural

Price Determination for Exchange Traded Commodity and...
Background In any society which has to make arrangements for a continuous supply of
commodities, trading activity cannot be confined to the immediate present needs. Forward contracts
evolved in the early stages of development of mercantile activity to cater to the needs of a
manufacturer, processor or producer to ensure that he gets his supplies of raw material at the
appropriate time. Such forward contracts provide for giving and taking actual delivery of goods at a
specified price and a specified future date. The futures or hedge contracts were evolved at a later
stage to enable the various functionaries engaged in merchandising a commodity, or its processed
products, to protect themselves against the risk of unpredictable price fluctuations over time in the
commodity or its products. In the study it is proposed to study the price determination for exchange
traded commodity and forecasting its future prices based on the different mathematical tools
available.
Introduction: Statement of the problem
In India, soybean or soya bean is a Kharif crop. India ranking is 5th largest producer of soybean in
the world. The country Production is approximately 9.67 million tons of soybeans in 2009/10 in
India and in 2012/13 the soybean produced 11.34 million tonnes. The states of Rajasthan, MP and
Maharashtra contributed 95% of the total soybean produced in India. The United States., Brazil,
Argentina, India and China are the world's largest soybean producers and they

My Mother Is Diagnosed With Breast Cancer
Introduction In 2012 my mother was diagnosed with breast cancer, for the following year and a half
I watched my mother undergo multiple surgeries, daily radiation, and a variety of other intensive
treatments. Throughout the entire process I watched my mother physically and mentally deteriorate.
At the time my knowledge of the disease was minimal and not only was I fearful of my mothers
future, but I was also unaware of the physiological functions that would overcome my mothers body
eternally. Following a year and a half of agonizing and aggressive treatments my family received the
news that my mother was officially in complete remission. Throughout my mothers battle with
breast cancer my family and I met countless individuals who were ... Show more content on
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Throughout my four years at Whittier College I have taken a variety of courses which have enabled
me to write this paper in a knowledgeable and purposeful manner. My minor in nutrition as well as
my major in kinesiology has supplied me with a foundation to further research this specific disease
as well as diet. I have taken diet and disease which has provided me with an understanding of how
diet impacts health and how specific chronic diseases have a direct correlation with the science of
nutrition and the lifestyle choices that individuals make. I have also taken numerous nutrition
courses which include upper division courses such as; fundamentals of nutrition, the science of
nutrition, and sport nutrition. All of these courses have enabled me to become an expert in nutrition
as it relates to diet as well as the classification of nutrients, digestion, biochemical processes, and
crop sustainability. In addition to these courses, I have also taken chemistry and exercise physiology,
both of which have permitted me to have a greater understanding to help distinguish the process by
which our bodies consume, digest, metabolize, and store nutrients and how they effect our bodies
(Thompson, Manore, & Vaughan, 2014). In this specific paper I have also been able to use my
knowledge in sociology of sport as well as the history and

Amazon Rainforest Fragmentation
III. Environmental Issues
Deforestation. Deforestation is one of the most critical problems in Brazil. Destroying natural
habitat is a direct threat to biodiversity (Wilson et al., 2015). Historically, deforestation rates have
been high in Brazil fluctuating between 25,000 to 50,000 kilometers squared per year. If
deforestation were to continue at the historical rates, then most of the Amazon would disappear
within 50 to 100 years (Shukla, 1990). While contemporary deforestation rates are not so severe,
they are still high and have recently begun to increase. In 2009, Brazilian deforestation was
estimated at 7,008 kilometers squared (May et al., 2011). After a slight decrease in the deforestation
rate, with a valley in 2012 at 4,571 kilometers ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A habitat fragment that is too small cannot sustain species with larger ranges and populations can go
locally extinct. Species richness of many organisms has been shown to decline with fragment area.
Bryophytes, tree seedlings, palms, understory insectivorous birds, primates, and larger herbivorous
mammals are all species that decrease in population size in smaller fragments (Laurance et al.,
2011).
Habitat fragmentation also causes the alteration of local ecosystem processes leading to biodiversity
loss (Wilson et al., 2015). About 70% of remaining forests in the world are within 1 km of the
forest's edge (Haddad et al., 2015). Having more edge means the fragment is more susceptible to
impacts from wind, heat, and light. These changes are known as edge effects. Edge effects change
the community composition of trees, lianas, and tree seedlings. Bees, wasps, flies, beetles, ants, and
understory birds also decrease in abundance near fragment edges (Laurance et al.,

U.s. Ni China Trade
U.S. – China Trade in Soybeans
Meng Yuan
Author Note
This paper was prepared for Econ 4431W, taught by Professor Sahi.
I. Introduction
Soybeans are the primary American export to China, and currently the soybean trade between the
U.S. and China is stable. China is the number one soybean buyer of U.S. soybeans. At the same
time, soybeans account for more than 50 percent of the total U.S. agricultural exports to China,
which also plays an important role in China–U.S. trade. The U.S has an absolute advantage in
soybean production. The subsidies to the soybean producers in the U.S. affects the trade, as a
consequence, the U.S. exports more soybeans to China.
Soybean trade between the U.S and China has a long ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1995, the American government began paying large subsidies to soybean producers, which
greatly affected both soybean production in the U.S. and the soybean trade with China. This inspired
me to do research about the policy change. I test the impacts of subsidies on soybean producers in
the U.S. and the effects on trade. Based on the soybean trade history between the U.S. and China, I
research why China imports soybeans from the U.S and whether the subsidy can increase the
exports of US soybeans to China.
For my analysis, I apply Adam Smith's theory of absolute advantage to soybean production in the
U.S. Using this model, I analysis the productivities of both countries to determine whether the U.S.
has the absolute advantage in the production of soybeans. I also use the data to see whether the
Adam Smith's theory conforms to real situations or not. Secondly, I interpret the data of soybean
subsidies, soybean exports and soybean prices in the U.S. to investigate how the subsidies effects on
exports and prices. More concretely, I employ a regression analysis to show the impacts that the
subsidies to the soybean producers in the U.S. have on trade and prices. My hypothesis is that the
subsidies to soybean producers in the U.S. can decrease the soybean prices but increase the soybean
exports from the U.S. to China.
II. Absolute Advantage in Soybean Production
Soybeans are the primary American export to China. Why is China be the number one

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Gm Soybeans
GM Soybeans
Soybeans are beans which are from the legume family which are native to East Asia. They can grow
on a variety of soils and wide range of climates, ranging from snowy to tropical climates (Rob).
Soybeans are used to make food such as tofu and soymilk, although it is most often processed into
oil, which can be used for cooking, or sold for biodiesel production. The left–over which are not
used for oil can be used for animal food due to the high–protein fiber which is in the left over. The
GM Soybean, also called Roundup Ready (RR) Soybean, was developed by the biotech company
Monsanto and was commercially available to farmers in 1996 (Editor, 2008). This GM soybean
contains a gene that makes it resistant to herbicides which would ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, superweeds are created, which are resistant to that specific herbicide. To then kill the
superweeds, a different kind of herbicide has to be used, which additionally harms the environment.
Due to this, many amounts of herbicides have to be used. In addition to the GM superweed being
bad for the environment, it is also bad for the economy as poor farmers can't afford the GM
soybeans. Without the GM soybean, the conventional soybeans do not possess the genes which
make them resist herbicides and harsher weather. This will result in a smaller amount of soybeans to
sell, which will then make the farmers without the rights to use GM soybeans have less income. As a
result, the farmers without the GM soybean are unable to make the soybeans cheaper as they would
then not make any profit. Although the GM soybean is mainly bad for the economy, it is also good
as some farmers profit from this. The GM seeds allow the farmers to have more harvest as fewer
soybeans will die due to weather, other plants or insects. As a result, these farmers will be able to
sell the soybeans at a cheaper price, making more profit, as there is a greater quantity of

Deforestation Of The Amazon Rainforest

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