Control Car Emissions Efficiency

Quality Control Of Car Emission Efficiency
QUALITY CONTROL OF CAR EMISSION EFFICIENCY
1. Introduction
Energy efficiency of vehicles have become one of the most fundamental issue for modern trade, business life
and environment. Even though the zero emission systems hast still progress, it is plausible to enlarge the fuel
efficient vehicles with application of quality assurance practices. The idea behind this is particularly true for the
companies which is related to transportation, where even small difference can save considerable amount of
money.
Moreover, in the fuel economy website, it is mentioned that the fuel economy predicts the fuel economy tags
and to calculate a producer 's corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) is received from car when the testing is
done at EPA 's National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory in Ann Arbor which is in Michigan, and by
whole car producers who sent their own data to EPA. Every year, EPA supplies car efficiency data to the Internal
Revenue Service (IRS), the Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Department of Energy (DOE) with this
way they can manage their car efficiency which is associated with programs. (http://www.fueleconomy.gov).
Many companies have many instructions in order to inform the costumers about fuel efficiency. However, on the
other hand, none of these companies are certain on a particular car. That causes less motivation on drivers
because they encounter with something mindboggling. Therefore, we will use the quality assurance and quality
tools which
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Energy Efficiency Of A Building
Abstract.
Energy efficiency in the building sector during the past decade has been a priority of the European Union, and
many measures have been taken to establish a building 's energy and to reduce emissions in the environment.
Buildings because of their high internal gains, especially for heating and for cooling have characteristically high
consumption ability. Furthermore, the intermittent schedule in the early morning hours to heat or cool–down
space is needed with more energy and consumption. Building envelope and use energy audits and thermal
modelling as a result of the demand for energy and the consumption profile of a building, is presented. Through
energy audit process and the electrical and fuel consumption were measured by ... Show more content on
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The purpose of environmental building design to a comfortable interior environment creates energy savings.
Comfortable climate for successful design of buildings depends on a proper understanding. Climate–energy
building design in a clear and where it needs to be stressed, climate relative to visualize designs should be
possible to compare.
Thermal performance of the building envelope design is a key issue in building energy consumption that impact
directly on indoor thermal comfort, and durability of the envelope. A translucent and glazed curtain walls have
two different areas characterized by having to be glazed facades that are lightweight. Thermal transmittance U–
factor or vision and spandrel areas R– value of the thermal resistance, and overall U–factor or R–value of the
curtain walls usually is specific to the individual. To achieve good overall thermal performance, vision and
spandrel contributed both. Curtain wall spandrel panels in the project to improve the thermal performance of
materials and technology. Thermal performance of a building is determined by a number of factors. The best
known element in the fabric of the building materials used (i.e. floors, walls, roof) is the insulation value. The
U–value of the property as most of us knows. Better U–value is low. U–value of a property to 0 (hypothetical) is
reached when energy lost (heat) will prevent.
Different heat exchange processes between a building and the external environment are possible. These are

Adjusting to the Policy of Energy Efficiency: Hybrid Cars...
New technology has been emerging to help the environment. There have been many different inventions created
in order to help protect our planet and to help people be more efficient with using energy. A popular invention is
hybrid cars. The question is should consumers invest in buying one? Many people know about hybrid cars, but
many people don't know exactly how they work, therefore they find no interest in investing to buy one. Hybrid
cars are extremely different than a gasoline car. Gasoline cars run off only gasoline, which produces more
pollution that goes into the air. A gasoline–electric car, which uses both systems of gasoline powered and electric
powered cars, emits less pollution into the air (Nice). Many people find it to be ... Show more content on
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Hybrid cars are built with a smaller body for a reason. Due to aerodynamic drag, (which is the work the engine
does pushing through the air) the body of the car is smaller, which doesn't make the engine work as hard to
move (Ajava). The tires of hybrid cars are designed to create less of a drag on the road, making a smoother and
more fuel efficient ride (Nice). When purchasing a hybrid car, there are two different types of hybrids. One is a
parallel hybrid, and the other is a series hybrid. A parallel hybrid's fuel tank and gasoline engine are connected to
the transmission. In the parallel hybrid the electric motor and gasoline engine adds more force power. The
difference with a series hybrid is the engine is not connected to the drive train of the car. The engine in a series
hybrid doesn't turn the wheels when one pushes on the gas; instead it stores energy into the batteries which the
electric motor uses (Ajava). Although there are many advantages in purchasing a hybrid car, many people can
also find hybrid cars to be more dangerous. With the car being made out of lighter materials, if ever in an
accident, a person can be severely injured. Even though hybrid cars have smaller tires, during bad weather
conditions it can be harder to control the vehicle. Another major concern consumers may have is to trust that by
using alternative energy in cars, it will help them save money. Energy

A Report On Energy Efficiency
Abstract: Energy efficiency (EE) is an important objective in uplink wireless communications due to the limited
capacity of batteries in user equipment (UE). Consider the scenario in which the access point (AP) serves a
subset of UEs when available resources cannot support all of the UEs' quality–of–service (QoS) requirements. In
this project, propose a scheduling metric to balance the tradeoff between EE and fairness. Based on the
scheduling metric, propose a suboptimal joint scheduling and resource allocation algorithm and a power
allocation algorithm that maximizes the system EE. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can
achieve a good tradeoff between the system EE and fairness.
I.INTRODUCTION The booming demand for wireless applications and the relatively low battery capacity in
UE puts a premium on achieving high EE. With the growing popularity of green communications, EE is
becoming increasingly important. Previous work on energy–efficient resource allocation in OFDMA systems has
mainly focused on downlink scenarios. Due to constraints on individual UEs and the discrete nature of sub
channel assignment uplink energy–efficient resource allocation is less tractable. In an uplink allocation
algorithm is described to maximize the minimum EE among all users.
In order to maximize the total EE of all UEs under individual power and rate constraints for the UEs an efficient
suboptimal algorithms are proposed.
The proposed

Energy Efficiency
ENERGY EFFICIENCY: MISSIONS AND MEASURES INTRODUCTION Talking about the importance of
energy efficiency measures in India, the first thing that comes to the mind is JNNURM mission, a joint initiative
by the Ministry Of Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation and the Ministry of Urban Development on
behalf of the Government of India. But before going to the details of JNNURM mission it is important to first
understand the importance and need of Energy Efficiency in the Indian context. The need for Energy Efficiency
reforms can be discussed under the following headings:– 1) Need for Efficiency Enhancement:– There is an
urgent need to take measures to enhance efficiencies in urban service deliveries so that the problems arising out
of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Strategies to implement the Mission:– The following strategies would be adopted to meet the objective of the
mission 1) Preparing city development plan:– Every city will have to formulate its City Development Plan(CDP)
and indicate the policies, programmes and financing plans. 2) Preparing projects :– The CDP would be used to
indentify feasible projects the Urban Local Bodies /Parastatal bodies would be responsible for preparing
Detailed Project Reports(DPR) for undertaking projects in identified areas. It is essential that the project
planning should optimize the life cycle cost of project keeping in mind the O&M costs and their working
conditions requirements in order to see JNNURM assistance projects to have to demonstrate and ensure the life
cycle cost over the planning period of the project. 3) Release and leveraging of funds:– Once the feasible project
have been identified and earmarked for implementation, funds would have to be arranged. It is expected that the
funds allocated by the Central and the State Government will flow through the assigned nodal agencies as
grants–in–aid. These funds would be disbursed to the ULB/Parastatal agencies through the designated State
Level Nodal agencies. 4) Incorporating private Sector Efficiencies:– It is important to involve the private sector
in this reform program to ensure study progress and more efficient performances. This can be achieved by
providing scope for Public

J.b. Hunt Transport Services, Inc.
The company that we will be covering is J.B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc. JB Hunt is a transportation company,
primarily trucking, that is based in Lowell, Arkansas and was founded in 1961. The company has 16,000
employees, with 12,000 trucks, and 47,000 trailers in operation; they offer their transportation services to
Canada, Mexico, and the continental United States. We chose J.B. Hunt because they are leading innovators in
green transportation by using environmentally friendly fuel, reducing empty miles, training drivers to drive in a
fuel–efficient manner, and a myriad of other green innovations (J.B. Hunt, 2015). J.B. Hunt's innovations have
made them one of the most competitive transportation companies in the nation (J.B. Hunt, 2015). Compared to
their competitors, they have the same amount of drivers, but bring in double the profit margins. Among their
extensive list of awards and honorable recognitions are included the Most Innovative Third Party Service
Provider from Voluntary Interindustry Commerce Solutions, one of America's Most Admired Companies from
Fortune Magazine, Top 500 Greenest Big Companies in America from Newsweek Magazine, and Top 100
Companies for Employee Training from Training Magazine. They have been leaders in developing
environmentally friendly forms of product transportation and many companies have adopted their progressive
methods (J.B. Hunt, 2015).
J.B. Hunt has developed Cool Transport, "an industry–first carbon–neutral transportation

A Project On A Company 's Energy Efficiency Profile Within...
A1. Reasons
The IT Consolidation project is being initiated, and requires your support to be successful. The main scope of
the approved project is to consolidate the IT infrastructure of Fresno, CA into the Chicago, IL location. This will
require moving all application servers, backup hardware and network connections to Chicago. There will also be
a possibility of relocating employees to Chicago.
This project would standardize AEnergy's IT infrastructure to a much more cost efficient model. AEnergy would
benefit from cost savings, redundancy standardizations.
The key reason behind the project is the fact that AEnergy's current IT infrastructure is heavily over invested in
its current design and needs to be brought up to industry ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Status reports should include high level information such as budget, risks, milestones and status. If requested,
specifics should be readily available.
Emails of other reports should also be sent to Sabelle Arnold. Specific details of each project step status is not to
be sent as she is at the highest level of the company
Planned Component –
Sabelle is required to be involved as she is the person within the company who has the most power and
authority. Sabelle can direct others to be involved with the project at high levels. Without Sabelle's blessing of
the project, the project is dead.
Planned Component –
Sabelle needs to be involved also from a financial perspective. While the Operations Manager has
responsibilities to finance the project, Sabelle has the final signoffs for the project.
Internal Stakeholder #2: IT Manager – Planned Components
Stakeholder Internal 2
Name: Cameron Kern
Position: IT Manager
Cameron Kern is IT manager for AEnergy, and is responsible for all of the IT infrastructure and services.
Cameron Kern reports to Sabelle Arnold.
Cameron Kern should be involved with all decision making with the project as it deals with the area that he is
responsible for.
All content should be sent to Cameron Kerns unless specifically requested not to be sent.
Face to Face meetings which will occur monthly, will include status reports pertaining to the project. Status
reports should include high level

Improving The Accessibility, Quality, And Efficiency Of...
By 2030, the 7th UN Sustainable Development Goal aims to improve the accessibility, quality, and efficiency of
energy. While some of the targets are clearly defined, others use ambiguous terms, making them not truly
measureable. Firstly, terms used in targets 7.1, 7.2, and 7.b are not clearly defined, making them not truly
measurable. Being able to provide a service universally, implies that every person worldwide should have access
to the service. This is neither reasonable nor measureable. The term 'affordable' is not clearly defined, therefore
not measurable. Affordability differs depending on economic status. With over 13% of the world's population
below the poverty line, the definition of affordable varies and therefore needs to be ... Show more content on
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It also deals with the sociopolitical sphere, which makes it inherently complex to measure. For each target,
different indicators of progress and metrics for measuring these indicators vary which makes them truly
immeasurable because of how inaccurate they may be.
Part 2
The targets are measured globally, but not absolutely. If we were able to truly measure these targets, there would
not be controversy over the data. While the UN insists that the plan for eradicating poverty is on track, other
studies suggest that the rate at which poverty is declining is not as rapid as is necessary (Reddy 485). For 7.1, it
was measured that there are 1.4 billion people without access to electricity as well over 2.7 billion people that
depend on dangerous sources of energy in 2010 (IEA). It was also found that the methods of measuring
accessibility of energy are inaccurate, but "SE4All is planning to use a multi–tier metric for measuring access to
electricity ("Indicators and a Monitoring Framework.")". The metrics for evaluating the global energy mix for
7.2 are also being improved upon and improvement of global renewable energy is monitored closely (IEA).
Research shows the annual target rate for improving modern renewable energy is twice as much as what our
actual growth rate is (World Bank). For 7.3, the rate at which global energy efficiency is improving is increasing,
but not at the ideal rate. In fact, the current $400 billion in investments per year

Energy efficiency is essential to provide citizens with...
Energy efficiency is essential to provide citizens with functioning electricity and fuel. The energy I would use to
fuel my city is hydroelectric because its pros and cons outweigh the pros and cons of solar, coal, wind, and
nuclear energy. The most efficient energy source for my city is hydroelectric energy. Hydroelectric energy is the
most efficient for many reasons. Hydroelectric energy's power fuel is water, which does not give off harmful
chemicals or waste in the air or water; keeping our planet very clean. Hydroelectric energy also has constant
power. Its power is generated by moving water. Water is constantly moving. After hydroelectric plants are
produced their energy can produce electricity very cheaply. Hydroelectric plants can ... Show more content on
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I would not choose solar energy for my city for many reasons. Solar panels still gives off pollution produced as a
result of manufacturing, transportation, and installation. The production of energy is rather noisy from the use of
fuels. Solar energy can only be used during daylight hours. Bad weather can decrease the efficiency of solar
energy. Modern solar panels are only around 20% efficient. The initial investment of solar cells is extremely
high. Solar energy has too many cons to be the best possible source of energy.
Coal is also a very destructive source of energy, and is definitely not the supreme source. Coal is a non–
renewable resource. Coal creates the most CO2 in the environment. This destroys the ozone layer and leads to
many climate problems. CO2 is toxic at concentrations above 5 percent. Coal is also the largest contributor to
global warning. Coal causes mass destruction of the environment around coal mines. Coal mining is the 2nd
highest emitter of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Coal mining has high levels of radiation. Coal plants
energy sources release the more radiation than any other energy source! Wind power is a very inconsistent
energy source. The wind is unsteady and unpredictable. Wind power is quite expensive and hard to manage.
Both residents and commercials companies must pay for the expensive power wind turbines provide. Wind
farms are located in rural areas and sometime form now no

Cost Efficiency And Actual Energy
Target 7.1 is largely measurable. Universal access to sustainable and modern energy can be measured by
monitoring areas in the world where such energy is unavailable. However, what is "affordable" is entirely
subjective. What constitutes "affordable energy" is therefore impossible to measure in general.
Since target 7.b is essentially an extension target 7.1 that includes sustainability of specific places, it is
measurable similarly. It is simple to monitor infrastructure development and sustainable energy technology
improvement.
Target 7.2 is measurable similarly to target 7.1. Clearly, the renewable energy share in the global energy mix is
measurable. However, what constitutes a "substantial" increase is unspecified, which makes ... Show more
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How do we know whether it was indeed international cooperation that facilitated this access? As such, this target
has limited measurability.
Current measurement of targets
Clearly, target 7.a is not currently measured besides the current degree of international cooperation on the
subject.
Target 7.1 on the other hand, is currently measured. There are about 2.6 billion people in the world without
dependable energy access ADDIN EN.CITE Saygin201560(Saygin, Kempener, Wagner, Ayuso, & Gielen,
2015)606017Saygin, D.Kempener, R.Wagner, N.Ayuso, M.Gielen, D.EnergiesEnergies5828–
5865862015Jun1996–1073WOS:000357489700060://WOS:000357489700060http://www.mdpi.com/1996–
1073/8/6/5828/pdf10.3390/en8065828(Saygin, Kempener, Wagner, Ayuso, & Gielen, 2015). Also about 1.3
billion people do not have access to electricity ADDIN EN.CITE Terrapon–Pfaff201464(Terrapon–Pfaff, Dienst,
Konig, & Ortiz, 2014)646417Terrapon–Pfaff, J.Dienst, C.Konig, J.Ortiz, W.Renewable & Sustainable Energy
ReviewsRenewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews1–10402014Dec1364–
0321WOS:000345473600001://WOS:000345473600001http://ac.els–cdn.com/S1364032114006133/1–s2.0–
S1364032114006133–main.pdf?_tid=4117637a–66ea–11e5–8992–
00000aab0f27&acdnat=1443559380_d3d89e222af1084f3893614c0714eac310.1016/j.rser.2014.07.161(Terrapon–
Pfaff, Dienst, Konig, & Ortiz, 2014).
Target 7.2 is also currently measured.

Benefits and Methods of Achieving Home Energy Efficiency
Achieving Home Energy Efficiency: The achievement of home energy efficiency is a process that basically
entails the reduction of unnecessary energy consumption, lessening the emissions of greenhouse gases, and
lowering the demands of non–renewable energy resources. Such efforts are taken to ensure energy efficiency,
which in turn provides healthier living conditions and resulting in considerable money savings. Furthermore, the
achievement of home energy efficiency is beneficial to the nation because it promotes cleaner air and a healthier
living environment. Through these initiatives, the nation can effectively protect the climate from diverse effects
by lowering greenhouse gases. While there are various measures suggested for reducing energy use,
homeowners can be involved in the process by embracing energy–efficient initiatives in daily practices. Energy–
efficient processes at home include behavioral changes, managing electrical appliances efficiently, investing in
home weatherization, and education. Behavioral Measures: Behavioral measures towards achieving home
energy efficiency can be described as the necessary lifestyle changes that an individual should take. The first
process in the behavioral approach towards energy efficiency is to identify any energy loss taking place through
conducting an inspection (Tremblay, 2012). The inspection will help in identifying the problem areas for
inefficient energy use or loss and prioritizing these areas based on the

Political Power Of Energy Efficiency
Political Power in Energy Efficiency Energy, which has a bearing on both economic and national security, boasts
its vital importance in that it gives rise to the economic and social development of the whole world. Although the
world teems with diverse energy, most of the energy that has been put into application in our daily life or
industrialized world is nonrenewable, with particular reference to the fossil fuels, which means once it has been
run out, it can never be reproduced. Moreover, conditions are getting worse as the increasing energy
consumption caused by the high pace of the development of industry and agriculture and the abuse of some
energy, it seems that all nations to some extent have been stuck in the plight of energy ... Show more content on
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Political power can make a difference in arousing awareness of energy efficiency of the individuals. Even
though common people are less exposed to the storage and distribution of energy, after all, they are a large group
of consumption. For example, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, in 2012, the annual
average electricity consumption for one U.S. household is 10,837 kWh. The residential electricity consumption
was more than 37 percent of the country's total consumption, compared to 26 percent for the industrial usage
("Summary Statistics for the United States, 2002 – 2012"). However, if the political power enacts some policies
or releases some norms and standards in energy efficiency, for sure most of the individuals would be more
concerned with their energy consumption and cater to the policies or norms and standards to make a difference
in energy efficiency for the sake of their own interests or national call. A individual's awakening awareness
might be limited but the awakening awareness of a majority of individuals is beyond our imagination. According
to Ari Peskoe, "One individual's actions, like voting, protesting, or donating a small amount to

Essay on Fuel Economy in American Automobiles
Fuel efficiency in automobiles has become a topic of much discussion in recent years in the United States. This
is due largely to the environmental devastation that fuel emissions cause, but it is also sparked by the rising fuel
costs. Making cars with high fuel efficiency not only saves consumers money, but also will drastically reduce the
pollution that is caused by emissions. Today automakers are putting a tremendous amount of effort into making
their cars more fuel efficient, both to meet government regulations and to make their car more appealing to the
consumer. During the late 1900's, fuel efficiency was given very little thought by automakers. Instead, they
competed with each other by coming out with larger and more powerful ... Show more content on
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The first law that was passed to enforce this was the Energy Policy and Conservation Act, which was passed by
Congress in 1975. This law established a Corporate Average Fuel Economy program, commonly known as the
CAFE program, and it required automakers to drastically increase the fuel efficiency of their vehicles.
Consequently, by 1985, the average fuel efficiency of automobiles had risen to 27.5 miles per gallon, which is
very close to what it is today (Bezdek 132,133). Because CAFE did not change the fuel efficiency standard until
years later, by the early 1980's most automakers had met the fuel efficiency that was required for their
automobiles, so they started to pay more attention to the size and power of their vehicles. Instead of building
cars with better gas mileage each year, they built their cars bigger and with more power, while keeping the fuel
efficiency just high enough so that it met CAFE standards. Accordingly, the gas mileage of vehicles has not
increased significantly since the 1980's (Bezdek 133). In fact, the average fuel efficiency of new passenger
vehicles steadily declined from the 1980's until 2004. This was due to the loopholes which car manufacturers
found in the CAFE standards. CAFE treated "light trucks" much more leniently than cars, and allowed them to
have considerably less fuel efficiency than cars. This caught the attention of car manufacturers, who then looked
at how CAFE defined a light truck. They

Energy Efficiency And Renewable Energy
One thing is for certain, the cleanest and most inexpensive source of energy is the one that is inexhaustible and
can also be naturally replenished and readily produced. The next step would be to develop that type of renewable
energy efficiently while also distributing it more effectively. The most rational way to create and produce energy
is to generate it renewably by utilizing naturally reoccurring resources. Perhaps, that is why energy efficiency
and renewable energy are gaining more and more attention from the largest names in the financial, energy, and
industrial communities. Government, manufacturers, and the consumer are all involved in the renovation of the
energy system towards one that is cleaner and more proficient. According to energy industry shareholders, it is
the consumer that delegates that adjustment. Due to this enormous influence, consultants are seeking for
government to propose incentives to the consumer in order to surge the growth of renewable energy
technologies (Bloomberg 2011).
As of now, the historical shifts in "new" renewable energy sources, as well as the growth potential of "old"
renewable energy sources, such as hydroelectric power, may suggest the adoption of new governmental policies
and financing. These new policy adaptations may put a major emphasis on the ecological and financial benefits
of renewable energy. In recent years, the production of sustainable energy has provided a very prolific field of
research (Smil 2014).This mainframe

America Must Invest in Energy Efficiency Essays
America Must Invest in Energy Efficiency
In recent years our country has had many debates over what must be done to lessen the amount of oil that our
country consumes. It is well known that we need to make some type of change to help not only the environment,
but also lessen our reliance on imported oil. President Bush recently announced his new plan that could someday
greatly reduce that amount of oil that Americans use by replacing oil with hydrogen fuel cells. Although this
plan is a step in the right direction, it is not the answer. There are far too many downsides that could actually
hurt our country in the long run. One problem is that the plan proposed by Bush will take far too long before any
changes will be seen. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
. If cars were required to run on 55 miles per gallon, the U.S. would save about five million barrels per day. This
alone is about seven times the amount of oil that was imported from Iraq alone last year (Kennedy 11). All major
auto companies can already make cars that run on seventy miles per gallon; meaning that Clinton's goal was
nearly reached. However, because funding is being cut by the new plan, these cars will most likely never be
available in the large market. We do need to someday totally end our reliance on oil, especially in cars, but why
stop funding a plan that would have an immediate effect? Money is simply being wasted due to the fact that
millions of dollars were spent on a plan that is being ended because funding is suddenly being spent on new
areas of research. We need to continue funding Clinton's plan even if we do start more research in hydrogen fuel
cells.
A second major problem with the plan is not easy to see at first. You must look much closer at what types of
research is being done. There are two ways that hydrogen fuel cells can be made. One is by a reaction with
oxygen. These cells are about 70% efficient and the only emissions are water vapor. The second way it by using
oil or coal to make the cells. These cells are about 33% efficient and release harmful emissions into the
atmosphere (Abelson 1469). I feel that we should fund research into using oxygen as opposed to fossil fuels
when making hydrogen

The Regional Development Organization : Rcreee Or Regional...
1 The Regional Development Organization, RCREEE RCREEE or regional center for renewable energy and
energy efficiency is an inde–pendent, intergovernmental regional policy think tank and not for profit
organization that founded in June, 2008 and has 17 member countries. Its member states are Arab countries and
it aims to promote and increase the adoption of renewable energy and energy efficiency in the member states
countries and the whole Arab region. It col–laborates –on regional basis– with decision makers, NGOs,
governments, international organizations, private businesses etc. trying to achieve its regional goals and objec–
tives in a specific working areas. It works in specific areas: research and develop–ment, policies and regulations,
capacity development, private investment promotion and technical assistance. RCREEE setup is sponsored and
financed by the member state contributions, GIZ, DANIDA and NREA (RCREEE, 2016a). 1.1 Vision and
Mission RCREEE has very ambitious vision and mission that inspire a lot of stakeholders who cooperate with
RCREEE to achieve a more sustainable region (RCREEE, 2016b). The vision and mission statements
respectively are: "The energy systems in the Arab region are characterized by a significant share of renewable
resources and a highly–efficient use of energy." "To initiate regional policy dialogues and promote strategies and
partnerships favora–ble to renewable energy and energy efficiency investments in the Arab member states." As

Energy Efficiency Comparison Between Hydraulic Hybrid And...
I am assessing a journal article entitled: Energy efficiency comparison between hydraulic hybrid and hybrid
electric vehicles. The journal article was published by Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, on May 26,
2015. Author Jia–Shiun Chen from the Department of Vehicle Engineering at National Taipei University of
Technology, submitted the journal on March 4, 2015. The purpose of this journal article is to inform the
outcomes and results of an experiment done at the National Taipei University of Technology. The experiment
compared seven different types of hybrid vehicles in a combination of electric, hydraulic, and internal
combustion engine or no combination at all. The main question being addressed is which combination is more
energy efficient. The journal article was not focused to a main group, but can appeal to engineers, investors,
vehicle companies, and consumers. The journal article was written at an engineering level which included many
equations, graphs and tables which may confuse the average consumer and investor.
The journal article is well formatted and well organized including descriptive titles and subtitles while having a
coherent development. The abstract section of the journal enticed the reader with a typical argument against the

Case Study : An Energy Efficiency Company On The Utility...
OPOWER is an energy efficiency company that provides a cloud–based software to the utility industry and their
customers. They basically provide a software which helps utilities engage their end–customers in ways that they
can not only manage energy consumption but reduce it. When Ben Foster (vice president of product) first
arrived at OPOWER, the company was having issues with how to prioritize product features. Due to this issue,
he had been in the process of how to go about of the constant tension of whether to build custom functions in
response to new customers, even if it meant that they would have to accept highly priced requests of their new
large and diverse accounts. This means that the company was put under a lot of pressure because they didn't
know whether if they should listen to new customers request in creating custom features even if costs the
company money. For this reason, Foster took the initiative to be vice president of product and tried to enforce
some of his experiences with former tech companies and introduce them to OPOWER. He's worked hard trying
to find a beneficial system would solve the problem of product management and engineering.
Before Foster worked at OPOWER, he had quite of a lot of experience from working with other tech companies.
He's worked at a few tech companies such as Barra, eBay, Webvan, and ThoughtWorks where he held many
product management positions. For instance, Foster gained some experience from working with eBay by
touching

Increasing The Efficiency Of Photovoltaic Panels By...
Increasing the Efficiency of Photovoltaic Panels by Trapping and Reflecting Light Energy Introduction:
Objectives: To create a more reflective and efficient photovoltaic roof panel in order to allow buildings with
photovoltaic–panel roofs to meet LEED standards. Justification (need/specification): This work is important as
our carbon intake is much too high and if we are to reduce it so by 2050 we only have twice as much CO2 in the
atmosphere as we do now. At this point, we are due to have three times as much CO2 which is detrimental to a
great percentage of Earth 's ecosystems (Ex: the coral reefs will be extinct) (Powering the Planet: Nathan Lewis)
and our general health. However, there are many efforts being taken to reduce emission. LEED Standard
buildings– buildings that use less water, energy, and to produce less waste; are becoming more widespread. In
total, these buildings have saved over a billion dollars in energy, about 1.5 million dollars in water, and about 5.4
million dollars in waste reduction (http://leed.usgbc.org/leed.html?gclid=CNbk7PLXztACFc9ZhgodzPYJyw).
However, these buildings have one problem: they are unable to have solar paneled roofs because, in order for a
building to meet LEED standards the building has to have a white roof. The design we are Acosta, Crawford 2
proposing could possibly solve that problem and increase the efficiency of photovoltaic lenses. Background: In
the past there have been both mirrors and lighter colors used for

Improvements Of The Energy Efficiency For Cloud Computing
University of Waterloo
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Improvements of the Energy Efficiency for Cloud Computing Self Study
Yuhan Wu
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
University of Waterloo
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
Introduction
Nowadays, with the development of technology, the demand for high speed computing for the computers
increases significantly. Cloud computing is the most emphasized Information and Communications Technology
(ICT) which can effectively implement high speed computing [1]. Most common products that people used in
their daily life such as cloud drive and Google search are based on cloud computing, therefore it is necessary to
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The high rotation speed will cause not only the dramatic increase of temperature but also the loud noise. The low
energy efficiency of HDDs is due to the heat loss which is caused by high temperature, and the friction in
mechanical content of discs and air. As for the SSD, the data will be stored in the flash chip through the channel
of transistors, so it does not require rotating [4]. It can save a massive range of energy which HDDs will lose
when HDDs are rotating. It is extremely energy efficient to use SSDs in ICT equipment because the demand for
writing or reading data is increasing dramatically. The drawback is that the price of SSDs is much higher than
that of HDDs, so the SSD is difficult to be widely used until the price is reasonable. In addition, improving the
energy efficiency of cooling system is also effective [5]. To be specific, it is important to use "right–sizing"
cooling system, which can automatically adjust the power of cooling system [5]. The temperature for ICT
equipment is variable, therefore the cooling system can increase the power while the temperature is high. On the
contrary, the cooling system can decrease the power while the temperature is low. To successfully implement
"right–sizing" cooling system, the data center operators should take additional methods to measure the
temperature [5]. Thirdly, the energy efficiency of server processors is also helpful for reducing energy
consumption

Energy Efficiency and Sustaining Resources For the Future...
Energy Efficiency and Sustaining Resources For the Future
Do Americans or human beings as a whole need to be more energy cautious? I think we need to become better
educated and make knowledgeable decisions in how we use our energy and at what rate in which we use it. The
brutal truth of the matter is that our resources of energy we are using are not going to last forever. In the United
States we consumed 94,231 trillion Btu during 1997. The state of New York alone used 4.24% of that total
energy, or about 4,000 trillion Btu of energy ("How much?", Internet). We need to move away from the
excessive use of energy, especially energy generated from fossil fuels. The main problem with fossil fuels is not
that they are running ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Main Energy Goals:
In the beginning of every good plan, you have goals, something to work towards. In my energy plan I work
towards four main goals. The first goal that my energy plan contains is efficiency measures; one example being
is the increase of fuel efficiency. This can be done by raising the miles per gallon standards, or encourage design
models for cars that are more efficient in gasoline use. Another efficiency measure is the introduction of
efficiency procedures people can take. Some examples: if they installed energy–efficient technologies, such as
compact florescent light bulbs and efficient appliances. One other method is to provide tax incentives for
efficient new buildings and equipment. If the government offered tax credits for the use of efficient equipment
and building designs, this would bring immediate results in energy efficiency. One of the last ways I would like
to introduce efficiency is by strengthening energy–efficient standards on appliances and residential living.
The second of my four energy goals engages renewable energy. Wind power, when appropriately sited, can
generate and provide massive amounts of clean energy. This would be beneficial to the decrease of fossil fuel
use. Another source like, solar energy, can be implemented just about anywhere. It is so abundant that

The Regional Development Organization : Rcreee Or Regional...
1 The Regional Development Organization, RCREEE RCREEE or regional center for renewable energy and
energy efficiency is an inde–pendent, intergovernmental and not for profit organization that founded in June,
2008 and has 17 member countries. Its member states are Arab countries and it aims to promote and increase the
adoption of renewable energy and energy efficiency in the member states countries and the whole Arab region. It
collaborates –on regional basis– with decision makers, NGOs, governments, international organizations, private
businesses etc. trying to achieve its regional goals and objectives in a specific working areas. It works in specific
areas: research and development, policies and regulations, capacity development, private ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
1.2 RCREEE's Approach The center developed KPIs or key performance indicators to keep an eye on the ac–
complishment of its goals and objectives and to measure the success of its different activities with the member
states. These quantitative metrics and indicators are as–signed for each area of the main five core results areas
that help member states keep tracking, managing and benchmarking its local performance versus any other
country in the region or in the world (RCREEE, 2016c). The main five core impact areas are as following: 1.2.1
Facts and Figures The center provides member states with accurate facts and figures based on a high accurate
analysis of data retrieved from accredited resources through a strong coop–eration and partnerships with
different local governorates. 1.2.2 Institutions The center work closely with local institutions in the member
states to unify the tech–nical standards and frameworks of them which enable to decrease later on the costs of
implementing new projects and make future research more easier for analysis. 1.2.3 People One of the main
working areas of the center is the capacity building. The center work in this area intensively by providing a wide
range of activities such as trainings, semi–nars, workshops, internships etc. to maximize the potential of member
states' people. 1.2.4 Policies The center establish polices

The Importance Of Energy Efficiency Essay
While energy efficiency helps save money at home, it also helps businesses, cities, state, and the federal
government save on a much larger scale. Overall, energy efficiency is saving the American government, its
citizens, and businesses more than $500 billion a year in energy costs. Efficiency saving money, energy
efficiency projects like building improvements and infrastructure repairs create jobs. According to
http://www.ase.org/resources/top–5–reasons–be–energy–efficient, "In 2010 alone, energy efficiency accounted
for more than 830,000 jobs nationwide."
Industry and Government makes energy–efficient decisions and policy, that lead to standards among
manufacturers. For instance, standards that started in 2012 requiring light bulbs to be at least 25% more energy
efficient than traditional incandescent bulbs. From LED street lights to, dimmable CFLs, energy–efficient lights
are just as pleasing to the eye as the old bulbs, but, use far less energy. In 2016, the average annual electricity
consumption for a U.S. residential utility customer was 10,766 kilowatt hours (kWh), an average of 897 kWh
per month.
Significant efficiency improvements have been made for all major appliances, but an increase in the total
number of consumers has offset the efficiency gains of the individual products. Air conditioning standards have
increased the efficiency of individual units, but many more homes now have air conditioning. Newer homes are
built with more efficient features, but

Efficiency of Tidal Energy in the UK
Introduction The report will investigate the efficiency of tidal energy in the UK. With fossil fuel reserves
declining and the increasing threat from climate change has resulted in the emergence of the renewable energy
market. This has led to significant tidal energy potential being identified in the UK, in particular Scotland,
Cornwall and Wales, that offer prospect of building large scale turbine farms or barrages to harness tidal energy.
New research has indicated that the UK is severely underestimating the amount of energy that could be
generated from tidal sources and that a tidal barrage would be expected to generate 15% of the UK's electricity
needs, according to the BBC, (2013). While other forms of renewable energy such as wind and solar power,
have a lot of media attention because of there accomplishments. Tidal energy has not seen nearly as much, this is
due to tidal energy only recently being developed into a commercially viable technology and so has not yet
proven its worth or potential. With the use of a literature review, this paper will attempt to uncover tidal energy's
potential in terms of a viable renewable energy. From the literature review, a methodology, aim, research
question and objectives will be set in order to achieve the answer. The Importance of Renewable Energy The
need of renewable energy is becomingly increasingly important to the UK as the reliance on imported fossil
fuels becomes more risky as regions of the Middle East and

Advantages Of Compact Cities
Gordon & Richardson and Ewing raise different arguments in regards to different elements of compact cities and
sprawls. These arguments are based on their respective views and literature reviews that raises questions on the
environmental friendliness, economic efficiency, social equity and the place of technology on future
development of cities. Gordon and Richardson arguments propose sprawls instead of compact cities. Although
most planners advocate for compact cities, they are convinced that compact cities are not always beneficial in
the long run. Gordon and Richardson argue that auto costs in compact cities are still higher than in suburbs even
with the short distances found in compact cities (Gordon & Richardson 98). The average dweller in the compact
city travels more than the one in the sprawls which exposes the environment to risks from pollutions. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this case, compact cities are considered more leaned to environmental conservation than sprawls. Due to
closeness between the cities and service providers like schools, offices and shopping complexes, there is lower
car dependency due to the reduced trip distance. Most people prefer to cycle to work as compared to driving. In
this case, there are lower emissions to the environment that reduces pollution. Development of compact cities
helps to free wetlands, water resources and encourages development of open spaces that can be converted to
agricultural land. According o Ewing, loss of environmental sensitive land is five times greater in suburban
sprawls than in compact cities (Ewing

Fuel for Thought Essay
Fuel for Thought
Should our government regulate the fuel economies of our automobiles or should this be left up to the market?
The Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) standards that were implemented in the 1970s contributed to
great improvements in vehicle fuel economies. While we have environmental and political reasons to want cars
with better fuel efficiency, there are also costs involved. The declining fuel economies of the last fifteen years
seem to reveal that many Americans are not willing to bear these costs. Still, the vehicles that we drive today
may be a misrepresentation of our true values. We may value environmental quality and/or independence from
foreign oil, but sometimes our individual ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The huge number of SUV drivers probably influenced Congress's decisionto reject a proposal for new CAFE
standards, in 2003. The plan "wouldhave required the auto industry to produce a fleet of cars, trucks and
sportutility vehicles that averaged 36 miles per gallon by2015"(Mateja, F8).
There are three main reasons for the desire to increase vehicle fuel efficiency. First, the United States does not
want to be dependent on foreign oil in case of wars or other conflicts. Furthermore, oil is a limited resource. As
Steven Plotkin points out, "Light–duty vehicles...account for about 40 percent of U.S. oil consumption" (25).
While estimates vary on how long oil will last, no on argues that it can last forever. Whatever cuts we make in
energy use today can help ensure a better future. Finally, a car that consumes more fuel per mile will produce
morepollution than another, assuming they both travel the same distance and arein similar mechanical
conditions. U.S. citizens have become increasinglyconcerned about smog and the possibility of global warming.
As majorusers ofenergy and producers of pollution, our vehicles are good candidatesfor reform.
The CAFÉ standards helped to promote technological change, specifically improved engines and computerized
controls ("Another Cup...", 1), but there are also other ideas for reducing gasoline consumption. One idea is to
increase fuel taxes. Increasing fuel prices would decrease driving and

Make Your Garage Door More Energy Efficiency
How To Make Your Garage Door More Energy Efficient
If you're looking to improve the energy efficiency of your home so you can cut your monthly power bill, don't
forget about your garage. If you use it as a workspace or game room, you'll want to make sure it is well insulated
so your portable heater or air conditioner won't have to work as hard. One important step is to insulate your
garage door since it is a likely source of air leaks. Here's what you need to know about making your garage door
more energy efficient.
Insulate An Existing Door
If you don't want to buy a new door, you can add insulation to your current garage door. An easy way to do this
is with foam board. Foam board is light so it won't add much weight to your door. The boards slide into the
panels of your garage door and create an air pocket that acts as insulation to keep cold air outside and warm air
inside. You could also attach fiberglass insulation or another insulating material, but you have to be aware of
how much weight you add to the door, so you don't cause it to malfunction. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It will look much better than DIY insulation because the insulation is hidden inside the door. Since weight is
taken into account when the door is made, superior forms of insulation can be used. For instance, some insulated
doors have spray foam inside them, which is the same type of insulation used in the walls of modern homes. If
you want the best insulation possible, choose a door with a high R–value. The R–value is a rating for thermal
resistance, and it indicates how well the door will insulate your garage.
Apply Weatherstripping And

Car Pollution Essay
The words pollution and automobile are synonymous, and as long as vehicles still use fossil fuels to run, that
won't change. Consumers, communities, and the environment are key stakeholders the auto industry has to
consider when it comes to pollution. More energy–efficient, hybrid or electric vehicles can increase customer
satisfaction and add to the company's business performance. For instance, fuel consumption is an assumption of
performance and is very important for consumers. Thus, automotive companies have to come up with great
designs with minimal consumption of resources and raw materials; engines that give more mileage and less fuel
consumption. Given that consumers are the most important stakeholders, communities of these consumers also
want vehicles with the lowest emissions possible with hopes of keeping the air around them clean and healthy.
Once again, these informal bands and communities of consumers have large amounts of power based on buying
power alone, and can significantly impact an automobile company's business.
A vehicle's environmental impact can be easily measured through miles per gallon and measures of emissions. In
2011, President Barrack Obama and automobile companies agreed to raise fuel efficiency standards to meet an
average of 54.5 miles per gallon by 2025. This will lead to more fuel–efficient vehicles that will consume less
gas, thus burning less fuel and emitting fewer emissions into the air. Also, according to the Obama
administration, this

Energy Efficiency Of Energy
Every minute of every day, valuable data is collected about energy consumption at the American Society of
Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) headquarters in Atlanta. This data is
accessible to researchers around the world, allowing them to monitor performance of the building's resource–
conserving systems and extract data for further study.
ASHRAE, the international oversight organization for the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)
industry, completed a $6.2 million renovation of its 30,000–square–foot headquarters in 2008, creating a
sustainability showcase to promote renewable energy, water efficiency, indoor and outdoor environmental
quality and, above all, highlight the energy efficiency of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
VRF manufacturer Daikin disputes the findings reported by HIA. ASHRAE isn't formally endorsing one
technology over the other, though the data is available online for review by industry professionals.
While there is growing interest among consulting engineers, contractors and building owners to adopt new
HVAC technologies such as VRF, a lack of performance data should temper acceptance of manufacturer
efficiency claims. The concern over sparse data has been noted in a number ofpapers on VRF, including this
2012 report prepared by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the U.S. General Services
Administration: "Surprisingly, despite the long history with VRF technology in Europe, Japan and elsewhere,
the U.S. research community has not found useful research on VRF from these places. While some general
literature is available about these systems, there is a lack of critical evaluation of actual field energy
performance."
In addition to strong mixed views on efficiency, a number of perceptions exist among industry professionals on
the advantages and disadvantages of VRF systems, driven in large part by aggressive marketing and education
campaigns by VRF manufacturers.
Key areas of differentiation between the two types of HVAC systems are outlined as follows, along with
important considerations for those who influence system selections.
Evaluate the costs
Costs of VRF systems are

Survey Of Technologies : Energy Efficiency
SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGIES
ENERGY EFFICIENCY:–
1 Energy efficiency is one of important key factor in designing a wireless sensor network system. Large energy
consumption will affect the lifetime of the sensor networks.
2 Clustering is an important method for increase the scalability and lifetime of wireless sensor network system.
The sensor network is divided into clusters.
3 In the first step the sensor nodes sense the physical parameter under consideration and collected data are sent
to the cluster head. During second phase the cluster head forwards the data to the base station in a single hop or
multi–hop manner.
4 Two types of energy consumptions are associated with a CH, inter cluster and intra cluster energy
consumption. The energy reduction during receiving and aggregating the data from the cluster members is
known as intra cluster energy consumption.
2.1 Energy–efficient Routing Algorithms:–
Energy efficient routing algorithm can be categorized as follows: data centric routing algorithm, location based
routing algorithm and hierarchical routing algorithm . Data centric routing algorithm uses meta data to find the
route from source to destination before any actual data transmission to eliminate redundant data transmission
Location based routing algorithm requires actual location information for every sensor node. Hierarchical
routing algorithm divides the network into clusters. Cluster head (CH) is elected in

While energy efficiency helps you save money while at home, it also helps businesses, cities, state, and federal
governments save on a much bigger scale. Saving billions: Overall, energy efficiency is saving the American
government, its citizens, and businesses more than $500 billion a year in avoided energy costs. Creating jobs: In
addition to saving money, energy efficiency projects (like building improvements and infrastructure repairs)
create jobs. In 2010 alone, energy efficiency accounted for more than 830,000 jobs nationwide.
Spurring innovation: Industry leaders make energy–efficient innovations, and energy–efficient policies lead to
breakthroughs among manufacturers. For instance, standards that started in 2012 requiring light bulbs to be at
least 25% more energy efficient than traditional incandescent bulbs, helped to create an array of new lighting
products. From LED streetlights to flame–shaped, dimmable candelabra CFLs, energy–efficient lights are just as
pleasing to the eye as the old bulbs, but, use far less energy. In 2016, the average annual electricity consumption
for a U.S. residential utility customer was 10,766 kilowatt hours (kWh), an average of 897 kWh per month.
Significant efficiency improvements have been made for all major appliances, but an increase in the total
number of consumers has offset the efficiency gains of the individual products. Air conditioning standards have
increased the efficiency of individual units, but many more homes

Green communication, emphasizing high energy efficiency in...
Green communication, emphasizing high energy efficiency in addition to traditional performance metrics such
as spectral efficiency and bit error rate [1]–[3], is becoming a mainstream in both academia and wireless
communication industry. This is perhaps due to two reasons. First, with the increasing demand for hand–held
wireless devices and the related high quality of service (QoS) applications such as seamless world–wide network
access, more and more energy consumption gives rise to greenhouse gas emission and other environmental
issues. Second, the slow growth in the capacity of the wireless terminal batteries cannot meet the requirement of
high energy consumption, making the battery disposal problem more critical. Therefore, the high ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The single relay scenario has been extended to the multiple relay case. A single–relay selection scheme from
multiple SISO relays was proposed in [10] to minimize the energy consumption of each data packet. In a tutorial
article [11], some energy efficient approaches of MIMO techniques for the enhanced IEEE 802.11a
communications without using any relays have been reviewed. A randomized scheduling policy is proposed to
pursue the high energy efficiency in the point–to–point MIMO downlink channels using the singular value
decomposition technique [12], which is then extended to multi–user systems in [13]. For single–relay systems,
several pieces of work are observed. For example, a lower bound of the energy efficiency function is derived
based on information theory in [14], a high energy efficient power allocation scheme is designed in [15]. The
three–node relaying system with each node having a single antenna, has been generalized by some researchers to
multi–relaying systems, with an objective of obtaining high energy efficiency. In [16], an analytical expression is
derived for optimum power allocation design based on the minimization of per–bit energy in point–to–point
MIMO systems, where the performance of the derived minimum per–bit energy strategy is also analyzed. A joint
cross–layer cooperative technique has been developed to minimize the consumed energy [17]. In

Energy Efficiency Advancements
Mankind has endeavored to unearth the secrets of the universe since dawn of time. We have strived for each and
every innovation. We progress onward working to enhance the things around us whether it is through power,
speed or intelligence. However, I posit Nikola Tesla to be correct when he stated, " If you want to find the
secrets of the universe, think in terms of energy, frequency and vibration." This demonstrates an understanding
of the potential that can be uncovered through advancements encompassing not only energy, but also sound
waves and oscillations. The research conducted by these scientific areas will impact future innovations for
generations. Furthermore, with the expanding challenges upcoming generations will be facing we must continue
to further ourselves, progressing to a phase in time where a balance can be established between technology,
humanity and our environment. When looking at various evolutions of technology and improvements on past
inventions plumbing is a good example of our prolonged efforts towards energy efficiency and environmental
safety. For example, 8000 B.C. Scotland provides evidence of the first development towards reliable indoor
plumbing. Additionally, this piping not only removed unwanted wastes it conveyed clean water back to the
community through pipes and troughs. Additional evidence can be found in Iraq, modern Pakistan, and Crete, all
created between the years 4000–2000 B.C. These nations each exhibited growth

The Energy Efficiency Of Fossil Fuels Essay
INTRODUCTION "Every day we are paying more for energy than we should due to poor insulation, inefficient
lights, appliances, and heating and cooling equipment – money we could save by investing in energy efficiency",
This is the words of Bernie Sanders, who was an American politician. Fuel is the most indispensable thing that is
utilized as a part of our everyday life. As we realize that the populace is expanding step by step it's seen that the
utilization of fuel is expanding even though we have to think about the energy efficiency as well as conservation.
As aggregate people continue to create and the confined measure of fossil fuels begin to diminish, it may not be
possible to give the measure of imperativeness asked for by the world by simply using fossil forces to change
over essentialness. .There is data and eagerness today about the improvement and expanded generation of our
worldwide vitality needs from option vitality sources. Sun oriented vitality (Solar Electricity), wind control
(Wind mill power) and moving water (Hydro– Electricity) are all conventional wellsprings of option vitality that
are gaining ground. The eagerness everybody offers for these improvements has from various perspectives made
a feeling of carelessness that our future vitality requests will effortlessly be met impressively more
unequivocally in the accompanying 20 years than in has in the past 30 years. Alternative sources is an intriguing
idea when you consider it. In our worldwide society,

Importance Of Energy Efficiency Essay
Energy Efficiency
Humans today are using much more electricity than we need to in our houses and this is impacting our world
more then we realise. Although electricity is a huge advantage to humans it has the complete opposite effects on
our environment. By using more electricity, we are using more of the earth's resources and if we keep going
down this road then we are going to run out. The solution for this mass overuse of energy is to build houses
which are more energy efficient. Features like LED lightbulbs, insulating and even positioning your house in the
correct position for natural airflow instead of using air conditioning are all ways we can help improve this
problem.
What does energy efficiency mean?
"Energy efficiency means using less energy to provide the same service." An example of this is where a LED
lightbulb uses less electrical energy than a traditional incandescent lightbulb to produce the same amount of
light. The phrase 'energy efficiency' can also be described as any kind of energy–saving measure. (1)
How is electricity made?
In 1831, scientist Michael Farday discovered the first form of electricity. He found that when a magnet moved
inside a copper coil it created what is known as an electric current. This invention is known as a turbine
generator. Even today, in full sized power stations this simple invention is still used and works very effectively.
These power stations create mass amounts of energy to turn the turbines. Most of the time the energy is made
from the heat, for example when coal is burned. More environmentally friendly power stations use wind or
flowing water to turn these turbines. This is known as renewable energy because it will not run out, unlike when
oil and coal are used.(3)
How does the use of electricity impact our world?
Environmental Affects
Although humans use electricity for almost everything we do, we don't realise that this is harming our
environment in many ways. The production of electricity is causing a major loss of the earth's natural resources
such as:
– Loss of coal and natural gases
– Deforestation for mining (loss of trees)
– Loss of habitat for rare and threatened species
Another environmental issue resulting from the production of electricity

Energy efficiency is the goal to reduce the amount of energy used to provide products and services. Energy is
wasted daily across the country due to insufficient conservation. During the winter, heat escapes through poorly
insulated and unsealed doors, windows, and attics. During the summer, sunlight streams into the house, causing
air conditioners to work harder and pump more air. Hallway lights and televisions are left on overnight, wasting
crucial energy. Each of these inefficiencies, while by themselves are very small, add up and waste our money
and resources. Energy efficiency is measured in many different ways. One of these ways is by performing an
energy assessment, which is a series of tests on your home to see where it's strengths and weaknesses are. The
first major area to examine is insulation and air sealing. If a home is not properly insulated, or if multiple cracks
are not sealed, it could be losing heat or cooling. The second area to look at is space heating and cooling. Space
heating and cooling systems include thermostats and ductwork. Another area to look at is water heating. This is a
very important part of a home's makeup, since it supplies a home with all of the necessary water to run most
household appliances, including showers and dishwashers. The next area to check would be lighting and
daylighting systems, like regular light fixtures and energy efficient light fixtures. Windows, doors, and skylights
are also other good places to

Katie Ledecky : An Amazing Swimmer Essay
Katie Ledecky is an amazing swimmer and it is not because of genetics. Most people assume that Katie has an
abnormal Vo2 max but this is not the case. According to the article, "She has to have enormous lung capacity,"
mused Jack Roach, USA Swimming's consultant for athlete and coach relations. "But we don't measure that. You
don't really need to." This statement tells readers that for the events that Katie is competing in she does not need
a large lung capacity. Katie is not even a freakish athlete outside of the pool, it a well know joke by her
supporting cast that she has no characteristics of an elite athlete outside of the people. Katie supporting cast
often joke around by calling her the best all–around athlete. Katie has the heart of a champion and the mental
strength of no other female athlete in her field, often being compared to male.
Katie perfection of unique mechanics is not common for female swimmers; the gallop is a technique that
requires a lot of core strength that most female swimmer does not have. Katie first was introduced to this stroke
from the age range of 10–15, her coach watch many videos on the well decorated Olympian Michael Phelps.
Katie coach tells us, "it was more or less accidental: She was doing a drill where she was asked to reduce her
number of strokes per lap and had to lunge – or gallop – to reach the wall. He said, Ooh, that stroke looked
really well; Let's try to hold that for a whole 125. But it was no accident, according to

Essay about A Solution to Foreclosure
A Solution to Foreclosure The current issue of home foreclosure is based off of a long series of bad loans to
people who were not able pay those debts off. Based on nightly news reports over the past year, it appears that
the majority of these foreclosures are on very modest homes. My solution to this problem is to invest in those
homes using green technology. President Obama has been a strong proponent of weatherizing homes. Simple
additions such as a rubber strip under the front door and a sealant around windows can lower air conditioning
and heating costs tremendously. These things are cheap and easy to buy, and can reduce homeowner's electric
bills. In the state of Florida in 2006, only 1,315 households were reported to ... Show more content on
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With government support, this could be changed. Using a government subsidy, many more people will be able to
afford to install solar panels. This subsidy would be directed towards middle and lower income households who
may be in danger of foreclosure. The energy generated by those solar panels that are not used by house can be
sent back to the power grid. Instead of the homeowner receiving the benefits of that excess energy, the funds will
go back to the government subsidy to pay for more solar panels, and so on.
Solar panels and other green technology require someone to manufacture them. As a person invests in green
technology, they also invest in creating more jobs. One of the leading causes of foreclosure is job loss. By
investing in green technology, jobs can be created that require minimal training, which people at risk of
foreclosure can be easily trained to perform. In the 1930's, President Franklin Roosevelt created a large number
of construction programs in order to boost the nation's economy. His goal had two parts: to improve the quality
of the country and to create jobs. While our national unemployment has not reached the same level as it did
during the Great Depression, it is hard to argue the effectiveness of this strategy.
Based on a variation of the theory of supply and demand, if people take a

Ecological Economics Vs. Welfare Economics Essay
Ecological Economics vs Neoclassicial Welfare Economics
In the past, economic school of thought regarded the resources as unlimited and focused on more production
under the light of the unlimited growth assumption. Every economic action was suggested to only consider
about making more profit. While the economy and the human population are growing; more natural resources
are used and more pollution is observed. Human become to deal with the results of its production such as
enviromental problems and resource scarcity. A debate has emerged in economics and the mainstream
economics is brought into question since its unlimited growth assumption is collapsed. Ecological economists
argues the neoclassical welfare economics for ignoring the enviromental and ethic values by only focusing on
the cost–benefit analysis. It also claims that the neoclassical economics fails to calculate the value of the
enviromental capital and the loss of the economic activities on the environment. This paper is going to explain
the problems with the neoclassical welfare economics and the alternatives offered by the ecological economics
in terms of economic growth and environment.
The neoclassical welfare economics explains the economic production and behaviour by using the mainstream
terms of economic literature. Specifically, it focuses on the Pareto efficieny and suggests two theorems related to
it. Firstly, the Pareto efficieny is stated by maximisation of preferences under a restricted budget and

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