Act Raising Safe Kids (RSK) Study

Act Raising Safe Kids (RSK) Study
others as defined by horizontal and vertical collectivism and horizontal and vertical individualism. A
limitation of this study was that the participants were all from Cyprus and only consisted of students
in the first through third grades.
In the second study, Ryherd (2014) examined the relationship between harsh parenting and
externalizing behaviors at ages two to three years and then again at age five, to predict bullying and
victimization beginning at age eight. The data was collected from the Family Transitions Project,
which was a longitudinal study of 559 participants. Results indicated that harsh parenting and
externalizing behaviors across a six–year timespan was associated with bullying in preadolescence
(Ryherd, 2014). Externalizing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first study in this section was conducted by Cornell, Gregory, Huang, and Fan (2013). The
participants of the study include ninth–grade students and teachers. Students provided reports of
bullying victimization, and both students and teachers reported their perceptions of the prevalence of
teasing and bullying at school, using the Prevalence of Teasing and Bullying (PTB) scale
(Bandyopadhyay, Cornell, & Konold, 2009). Measures of peer victimization were obtained from 25
ninth–grade students and 10 ninth–grade teachers from Virginia public high schools. The study
revealed that bullying, as perceived by both students and teachers, was predictive of dropout rates
four years later (Cornell et al., 2013). The results of the study provided evidence that peer
victimization in high school is an important factor in high school academic performance. The results
of the study also contributed to knowledge about predicting dropout rates of high school students
who have been exposed to bullying (Cornell et al.,
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The Positive Parenting Program : The Triple P Program
The Positive Parenting Program also known as the Triple P Program is a proposed study developed
to help improve parent adolescent relationships. The target audience for this study will include
single mothers and their adolescent children who live in underserved communities. I hypothesized
that poverty can lead to maladaptive childhood outcomes for children. I analyzed five articles. Each
article I examined focused on the negative effects that contribute to poor parenting and harmful
child outcomes. There has been evidence to state that depression, poverty, and family structure all
contribute to poor parenting skills. The Triple P will be divided into three components. These
components will include education, parent and child communication skills, and group counseling.
Throughout the program, mothers will slowly develop on how to practice positive parenting skill.
Triple P (Positive Parenting Program)
The goal for this proposed program is to help unite parent child relationships for single mothers.
Single parenting can be hard because parents have to support their children and household based on
a single income. In particular, Triple P (Positive Parenting Programs) will reach out to single
mothers living in poverty with low–wage jobs. Mothers living in poverty experience depression and
financial strain. In turn, these effects on the mother will project on the child; resulting in poor
parenting skills. In order to enhance these skills parents

Are Interventions With Children And Adolescents At Risk Of...
Are interventions with children and adolescents at risk of future offending effective? Discuss.
CCJ10 Introduction to forensic psychology
Brooke Williamson
Student id– S5070501
Unit coordinator– Nicola Cheyne
Research has shown that often there are risk factors involved during childhood and adolescence
which predict the likelihood of an individual becoming involved in crime later in life. Such a
discovery begs the question if intervening and therefore reducing these risk factors would prevent
future criminality. This essay firstly will begin by explaining what is meant by children and
adolescents at risk and a brief overview of the factors that can put them at risk. Secondly, it will use
a longitudinal study to show that these risk factors have been associated with future offending.
Thirdly a definition will be given of interventions and how they can be a useful way to prevent risk
factors leading to future offending. Fourthly a study will be discussed to show a possible
relationship between mental illness in a parent relating to risk factors in the child. Fourthly
exploring three different methods of intervention and demonstrate their effectiveness in reducing
particular risk factors related to future offending, with a focus on child behavior. Lastly this essay
will conclude that interventions can be a useful way to reduce risk factors and therefore help prevent
future offending as a result.
Generally, when referring to childhood this indicates the age from

The Neoclassical School Of Recidivism
Reginald Clemons conducted this research for is doctoral dissertation. He draws on this large
amount of research to immediately make the assertion that juvenile delinquency destroys
communities in the United States via criminal behavior as a whole. Juveniles learn a response to
societal rules based on their parents own response. Clemons asserts that recidivist juveniles who
repeatedly appear in juvenile court may eventually engage in adult criminal behavior. Clemons
touches on the Rational Choice Theory and the Neoclassical School of Positivism and notes several
initiatives in the State of California to stop juvenile crime. He also states the identification of
juvenile delinquents most at risk of continued offending and the factors contributing to their repeat
offender is crucial in reducing their offender behavior. Clemons sets out to determine the importance
of a number of treatment programs to reducing juvenile recidivism. Secondarily, he attempts to
identify and describe the components of juvenile treatment programs that most contribute to a
reduction in recidivism. Lastly, he explains his desire to identify and determine which juvenile
treatment programs were perceived to be most effective. The three of these purposes are judged by
Deputy Probation officers in Los Angeles and Riverside Counties. Clemons identifies four research
questions: 1. What is the perceived importance of having a variety of alternative juvenile referral
treatment programs to the rate of

Traumatizing Experiences Caused By Poor Parenting And Abuse
Traumatizing experiences caused by poor parenting and abuse lead many to psychopathic behavior
and to lifelong problems. Antisocial disorder is a common outcome to those brutal situations,
causing one to not associate with anyone, to have trust issues, and causing emotional instability
(Spila, Mikara, kozak, and Urbanska, 2008). Review of literature indicates that most psychologist
believe that one is made, not born a psychotic. They believe that one is more influenced by their
environment, yet they do think that biological factors play a role in psychopaths along with that
(Ramsland, n.d.). The more traumatized you are and the more problems you face in the future is
most likely related to how young you were when you were physically or mentally abused (Sullivan,
1989). Abuse that is traumatizing causes many life threatening issues later on in your life, along with
problems with your personality and social life (Harper, 2007). The purpose of this paper is to prove
that nurture is dominant over nature. In my research, psychologists agreed that nurture and parenting
play a critical role in whether or not one may be psychotic. They also agreed that biological traits
can also play a role in it but with the correct parenting, avoiding having a psychotic child is doable. I
predicted that nurture plays a critical role in psychopathic behavior in children, and with that
statement my research has proved that to be correct. In review of many articles, the three areas of
focus that

The Role of Poor Parenting in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein...
Mary Shelley, the author of Frankenstein, was raised by a single parent, her father William Godwin.
She acknowledges the mentally stimulating role a father plays in the development of a daughter,
presumably speaking from personal experience. She declares, "There is a peculiarity in the
education of a daughter, brought up by a father only, which tends to develop early a thousand of
those portions of mind, which are folded up" (Veeder). Shelley offers in Frankenstein a portrait of
how children's minds are shape, and ultimately their fates sealed, due to influences from their
fathers. Alphonse, Victor's father, made mistakes in his parenting that negatively shaped the
development of Victor's mind and how he treated other living things. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is suggested again, when Victor confides, "till death she was to be mine only" (Shelley 36).
This exemplifies how Alphonse showed Victor, at an early age, how women were to be treated in
society. Victor was displaced twice during his adolescence when his father allowed two
nonmembers of the family into the house–first Elizabeth, then Justine. Although Victor was not
outwardly agitated, these two displacements instilled within him a feeling of loneliness. In short,
Alphonse's dominating role as father led Victor to feel isolated. Alphonse did not think deeply about
the impact that adding more members to the family would have on his son. This dominating role can
be seen again when Victor is sent off to Ingolstadt, right after his mother, Caroline, died. Victor
idolized his mother and was very attached to her. Instead of letting Victor grieve with the family,
Alphonse sends him away, leaving Victor to feel more secluded than ever. Victor is isolated from his
family and best friend Clerval, which fuels his obsession with creating the monster.
On one level Alphonse is a loving father. He created something – Victor – and did his best to nurture
his creation. He tries to care for his family and looks out for their best interest. He routinely worries
about Victor when he is at Ingolstadt because he has not heard from him for some time. In his letters
to Victor, he emphasizes his hopes that Victor is doing well and wishes him to not forget

Poor Parenting Techniques Displayed in Maurice Sendaks...
Poor Parenting can cause poorly behaved children
'Where The Wild Things Are' was first published in 1963 and is the first part of a trilogy of award –
winning books by American author and illustrator Maurice Sendak. 'Where The Wild Things Are' is
haunting and imaginative and describes how a young child, called Max, creates a fictitious fantasy
world in order to deal with the terrifying reality of anger.
Poor parenting is a lack of parenting techniques and skills in relation to the responsibilities and
obligations, which need to be fulfilled in order to accomplish prominent problems within the family
relationship. Poor parenting is most likely to come from an absence of cooperation from both child
and parent, satisfying both needs and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As Max interprets the difference between acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in the picture book
'Where the Wild Things Are' by Maurice Sendak, it is clearly evident that the ways in which he and
his mother are portrayed influence the depiction of characters by the implied reader. Max's mother is
represented in the text as the authoritarian. She has the dominating position in the family and is
likely to be the family decision maker. In the 1960's, women were the housekeepers and wives and
were the sole minder of the children as the father was a workingman who supplied the bread and
water. It should come as no surprise to the implied reader that Max's mother was therefore the
dominant authoritarian as her main job was to care for the children.
Max is represented as an adventurous but monstrous 6 to 8 year old child with destructive
behaviour. He is wearing a wolf suit as a disguise; it symbolizes a sense of development and
privacy. Max's behaviour is represented in the monster picture he drew. It suggests the adventure he
is about to enter is not something that is new. He could have been thinking of a fantasy world, far
away from the reality of his anger at his mother, and that he has a history of destructive behaviour.
Max's poor behaviour and characteristics are influenced by his mother's parenting skills and
techniques. In a time of great development and growth in this phase of his childhood, Max's social
development characteristics included

Poor Parenting And Abusive Home Life
Poor parenting and abusive home life portrayed in Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice produces
emotionally deep and interesting characters that far surpass those of the rural social scene of 18th–
century England. The two oldest daughters of the Bennet family, Jane and Elizabeth, are by far more
intelligent and well–mannered than either their mother or three younger sisters. Their father, Mr.
Bennet, sits in the middle of this stark contrast. The sarcasm aimed at his insufferable wife and
humorously cold attitude toward his family's occasionally outrageous behavior allow the reader to
applaud him for his intelligence and wit. However, these traits reveal his failings both as a father and
husband. Constant mockery of his wife and younger ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This horrible excuse of a male figure takes pleasure in irritating and ridiculing the woman he vowed
to love for the rest of his life noting that, "her ignorance and folly contributed to his amusement"
(228). His malicious ways effect these women in psychological ways that make it almost seem
childish. For example, he enjoys frustrating his wife about their lack of social connections just to
hear her complain, and then sarcastically pokes fun at her fading beauty. While the intent is to
humorously belittle his wife's bad manners and constant attempts to marry off their daughters, his
cutting tone and dominance create a toxic and inappropriate relationship for the married couple.
Realizing her father's influence on their family dynamic, Elizabeth struggles to reconcile an
affectionate relationship that could end "exposing his wife to the contempt of her own children,"
(228). Elizabeth yearns for her father care for their family and to become "fully aware of the evils
arising from so ill–judged a direction of talents; talents which rightly used, might at least preserve
the respectability of his daughters, even if incapable of enlarging the mind of his wife" (229). What
Elizabeth wants more than anything is for her father to find respect for his marriage and family and
honor the vows he made to love and protect them until the day he dies. As the leader of the house,
he must dedicate himself to his wife and family and honor all commits for her sake of

Were You Punished As A Child Analysis
Were you punished as a child? This seems like a rhetorical question; a better question would be
how? I am sure countless childhood memories you can immediately recall when someone asks about
times you were punished for acting out by one of your parents, whether they raised their voice, a
time–out, or in some cases a spanking. It seen incomprehensible that a child could go their whole
lives without pushing their parents to the point of punishment, and their parents to retain the ability
to remain calm in those inevitable situations when raising a child. Well, according to writer Olga
Khazan and child psychologist Dr. Kazdin future children could potentially say that they were never
punished by their parents, with the use of unconventional ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Khazan begins the article by asking the rhetorical question about the necessity of punishing a child,
and then proceeds to contradict this by stating that Kazdin a certified psychologist declares this
untruthful. Following this, Khazan states that Dr. Kazdin, the director of Yale Parenting Center
advocates for the unconventional parenting method of positively reinforcing behaviors that you
want, oppose to the use of punishment to try to prevent the ones you do not want. After her
transitional introduction, Khazan includes her interview with Alan Kazdin, Ph.D., Director of Yale
Parenting Center to give professional credibility and insight to her controversial article. Interviewing
someone who has a PhD and also specializes in parenting techniques certainly adds to the
trustworthiness of the Doctors methods and insight. On the Yale Parenting Center's official website,
Dr. Kazdin emphasize the success and popularity of their methods by proclaiming that "The work
that we do has been featured on NPR, PBS, BBC, CNN, and the Today Show... Good Morning
America, ABC News, 20/20, and Dr. Phil to discuss and demonstrate what we do" (Kazdin) in
attempts to impress and persuade potential clients, if not

Poor Parenting Revealed in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein Essay
"Victor Frankenstein, does not live up to his role model. He lacks compassion for his creation"
(Madigan 3)
A predominant theme in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is that of child–rearing and/or parenting
techniques. Specifically, the novel presents a theory concerning the negative impact on children
from the absence of nurturing and motherly love. To demonstrate this theory, Shelly focuses on
Victor Frankenstein's experimenting with nature, which results in the life of his creature, or "child".
Because Frankenstein is displeased with the appearance of his offspring, he abandons him and
disclaims all of his "parental" responsibility. Frankenstein's poor "mothering" and abandonment of
his "child" leads to the creation's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He gives the creature a gigantic frame and grotesque figure. He never considered how such a
creature, being so different, would be able to coexist with human beings or live a normal life.
The fact that his creation was not given a name is another significant example of Victor's
indifference for his "child". "The absence of a name denies a child the knowledge of his origin and
familial connection." (Defrain 21) Not only does the monster lack a name and place in society, but
he never experienced motherly–love and tenderness upon his birth, which is crucial to the healthy
growth and development of any new being.
Frankenstein describes the "birth" of his "child" not with the typical affection of a new mother, but
with complete repulse: "I saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open: it breathed hard and a
convulsive motion agitated its limbs (Shelley, p.58)." The first words his creation heard were the
harsh words of his creator shouting: "abhorred monster! Fiend that thou art." He does not rejoice or
receive his "child" with kindness, as a loving mother would; he instead rushes out of the room
appalled at the disgusting and abnormal physical appearance of his creation.
The lack of motherly–love, neglect and abandonment by his creator causes the creation much
distress, which is expressed in the following passage when he narrates his experiences to Victor:
"But where were my friends and relations? No father had watched my infant

The Pros And Cons Of Poor Parenting
As children grow up and become adults, some may look back on the type of parenting they received
and others will forget. Many people do to not realize how much parenting can affect a child.
Whether it is poor parenting or proper parenting, people can identify which children received which
type of parenting based on a child's emotional, behavior, and physical well being, etc. Although
there are different types of parenting, Poor parenting can happen for different reasons and will
manifest in a variety of ways. Thus, proper parenting happens when a person creates for a child a
stable, nurturing home environment, is a positive role model, and plays a positive and active part in
a child's life. While there are many parents who own a home, not many homes are a nurturing
environment. Many children are left neglected in several ways. A mother or father might not want to
accept responsibilities as a parent and leave their children, while many others do not attend their
child's soccer game or parent teacher meeting. Nurturing is to care for and encourage the growth and
development of someone or something. When a child receives poor parenting they do not get
properly nurtured, resulting into the child at risk for emotional and behavioral problems in the
future. Thus, children with proper parenting and nurturing, makes a difference in a child's physical
well–being and a greater intelligence later in life. A child with proper parenting is more likely to be
able form healthy

The Influence Of Parents In Jeannette Walls's The Glass...
Parents have a significant amount of influence on how their children will act, behave and do certain
things in today's world which base off of their skills. Not all parents will acquire impressive
parenting skills and be able to raise their children properly in society. In a memoir called The Glass
Castle, by author Jeannette Walls shares her life story and how it may be perceived as normal. In
Jeannette's life, she along with her siblings are raised by a father and a mother who raises their
family in a way that society would view as unusual or problematic. Parents are the adults who have
certain ways and skills on how their children are raised in which could be considered a problem,
society, on the other hand, has certain views but isn't necessarily the problem.
Parents are the people who influence children in society today, if a child isn't raised properly by their
parents then it can show that it's not really the child's fault but the parenting skills of both parents or
each individual. In the article about parents damaging their kids with delusions, it talks about how,
"Too many parents don't have a clue what it is to be a good parent...a poor parent damages their
child...and wants their children to become a mini–me," (Text 1). This quote could suggest how a
large variety of parents don't know the exact route on how to raise their children, the parents don't
have the right mindset on how to raise them into a better version or a whole different version of
themselves, sure

Analysis Of The Book ' Outliers ' By Malcom Gladwell
I have recently finished reading *Outliers* by Malcom Gladwell and I personally consider the book
to be a piece of idiosyncratic brilliance. As I read chapter after chapter I have put some thought into
the idea of intelligence and what it is that makes some more successful than others. Though I will
have to say that success is subjective, not only measured by the amount of dollars in a bank account,
the number of assets, or degrees, yet these are measures generally use as indicators of success given
the correlation among them. Gladwell 's explanation of what makes an individual an outlier is
sensible to those of us who inquire a comprehensive explanation of the aforementioned topic of
discussion.
*Outliers* begins by discussing the importance of IQ and the concept of accumulated advantage.
What has been found is that IQ is not necessarily a predictor of success, but surely one must posses
a high enough IQ to be successful, and no this is not a contradiction. This might sound like a
paradox but let us dissect and get to the facts. Studies have shown that IQ is a good predictor of
analytical intelligence and that this kind of intelligence is in part genetic (must experts agree that
heritability dictates about 50% of our analytical intelligence). Gladwell points that all successful
people have a high IQ in common but not all who posses a high IQ end up being successful (for an
example see the study of "The Termites" of Stanford University psychologist Lewis Terman). In

Dealing with Poor Parenting Essay
As a teacher in a high–need school, I expect to encounter many various challenges ranging from
lack of supplies to administration blunders and difficult coworkers. Of all the trying situations a
teacher is faced with in his or her career, most challenging would be poor parenting. Parents have
the greatest influence in a child's development. They have the greatest impact on their children in
most if not all aspects of the child's personality and outlook on life. Parents, as caregivers and
guides, have a responsibility to push their children into the world and to encourage their children to
work hard towards their goals. Some take this duty much less earnestly than they ought to, resulting
in the types of parents that I often encounter in my ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Worse, some have no interest in their children's activities at all. Children need to be nourished in
every sense of the term. Without this, their capacity to become successful and productive citizens is
handicapped. The sooner parents begin to recognize this crucial factor; the better off the children
will be in many ways. No attention at home relates to acting out in class. Negative attention (in
various forms of maltreatment) leads to lowered self–esteem, keeping the child from reaching their
true potential. As a teacher, all these home issues would act as barriers to my and my students'
academic goals within the classroom.
Through hard work, effective communication and parent–teacher collaboration, I think in most
cases, these difficulties can be overcome. Frequent contact with parents and encouragement for their
involvement would be great ways to make them aware of what their children require as support in
their academic pursuits. Parents and teachers ought to work together as partners, having the same
goals in mind when it comes to the children. However, I recognize that some parents can be quite
difficult. This issue, within high–need schools where children may come from unstable homes,
would be amplified. Fortunately for these children, I am known for never giving up on anyone.
Despite the sheer ignorance or viciousness of some of the parents I expect to encounter, I will
always try to

The Causes Of Bad Parenting And Its Effects On Children
As a parent it is a dream to have your child grow up into a responsible person. Even though every
parent wishes the best for his or her child, at times bad parenting gets in the way of that goal. Bad
parenting has many negative effects on the life of a child, so it is important for each and every
parent to evaluate their parenting skills to know the effects they on their child. No parent is perfect
but it is never wrong to try and be the best we can be. Since a parent guides the child, molding him
or her into the person they virtually become a role model. Some causes of poor parenting skills
include being a teen parent, and parents that having a substance abuse problems. Teen parents might
have a hard time developing parenting skills, as they may not have the emotional or financial
support to parent effectively. Bad parenting tends to lead to a number of problems in children such
as inability to keep friendships and relationships, poor performance in school, and depression. An
effect of bad parenting is having a child who cannot maintain friendships or relationships for very
long. This mostly happens when a they are not disciplined properly for the mistakes they make.
"Your kids require most of all to love them for who they are, not to spend your whole time trying to
correct them", Bill Ayers. The child grows up thinking that he or she is in control and is ever right.
He or she becomes a spoilt child who believes that he or she must always have their way in
everything.

Single Parenting Is A Single Parent Household
In today's society, there are more and more families that are being raised by a single parent, whether
it's a mother or father. In the world of political correctness we live in today, it's frowned upon to say
there's anything wrong with a single parent household. Society views single fathers and mothers as
strong willed people, and while they may be so, it's be proven that a child growing up in a single
parent household often times has negative outcomes. While in some situations single parenting
cannot be avoided, a child growing up in a single parent household is affected in many different
ways. It seems to be widely known that single parenting isn't ideal. Most people have often heard
the phrase "a child needs a mother and a father" or some variation of that phrase. Despite this, a lot
of families either are composed of one parent and the children or else the child is shepherded back
and forth between both parents. Despite the fact that this doesn't seem to be "ideal" it's happening
more and more often. Perhaps one reason for this is that not everyone knows exactly how bad some
of the ramifications of single parenting can be. For instance, a child that is the product of single
parenting is twice as likely to drop out of high school, two and a half times as likely to be a teen
mother, and 1.4 times as likely to be out of school or work as a child that grows up with both
parents. Just those statistics are staggering enough that people should look for more ways around
single

Disadvantages Of Free Range Parenting
Free–range parenting is a type of way to help a kids early, young, and adolescent stages of their life
with their skills and abilities as well as for teaching them how to be self supportive and to learn how
to become a responsible young adult to be a better prepared for the future. In free–range parenting
their is no specific way of raising your child due to the fact that their can be several methods but
what i do think is that their should be only one way when it comes to parenting. Free–range
parenting of course can and may have many negative but also many positive outcomes as well
depending on the type of technique the set of parents are using and by the way their kids are being
raised and treated over the years of their teen life. Every set of parents have their own technique,
tactic, or method when it comes to parenting but at times the way they do it isn't the correct one to
utilize at a child's young age. The three types of free–range parenting methods that their is are the
Abusive or neglectful parents, the prepared developmentally parents, and finally the "helicopter"
type of parents. An extreme kind parenting parent is an abusive or neglectful type of way that some
children get from the parents since they don't get or receive enough support, help, and assistance
from their parents. A prepared developed set of parents are the type of parents that most people
prefer because they're responsible enough to give their child enough aid and assistance that may
help and

Good Parenting In A Good Man Is Hard To Find
A parent's ability to properly raise a child stands as the most pivotal test in their chapter of life as
guardians. The quality of a guardians "parenting" skills create the foundation for the child to grow
and prosper in their lifetime as good, moral human beings. As a society, we understand that we need
to teach our children right from wrong, not talk to strangers, and to always share with others. These
just begin to break the surface of the many lessons that good parents should instill into their
children's young malleable brains. Now, just because this grand expectation of "good parenting"
stand so highly in society, doesn't mean they always step up to the plate and perform like they
should. Some parents in today's society do not actually ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In today's society, some unfortunate families stay stuck in a vicious cycle of crime that they can't
evade. The parents resort to a life of crime so inevitably the children follow in their parents footsteps
and live the same lifestyle. In "A Good Man is Hard to Find" the concept of kids learning the wrong
lessons from their parents remains quite apparent. June and John both hold tendencies to shriek out
words of pure disrespect to any person they talk to. For example, John expresses that "Tennessee is
just a hillbilly dumping ground," disrespecting not only the Grandmothers opinion on wanting to go
to Tennessee, but Tennessee as a state as well. Also, June says "I wouldn't live in a broken down
place like this for a million bucks!" in several variations throughout the story. The kids act and speak
in this manner because they learn this from their parents and Grandmother who don't assume the
roles of good parents. In addition to disrespectfulness, the children often times behave violently and
fight with not only each other but other family members as well. On the drive to Florida, June and
John began to savagely slap each other because supposedly John doesn't play fairly. Instead of
handling it like two good, respectful children, they result in physical confrontation. Later on, John
starts to kick the back of his father's chair when

Poverty Theories
4.0 Theories about parenting and poverty. Evidence abounds that negative outcome resulting from
poor parenting practices and many other factors is connected to poverty and poverty has a greater
effect on parenting has income differences determines parent capacity. It should be stressed that
starvation, lack of portable water, lack of medical care and quality education are very obvious in
families that are considered very poor.
Extreme and total deprivation causes most challenges in way in which parents cares for their
children or offspring. (Bradley, 2002). Impact of poverty has detrimental effect on parenting such as
stress, culture of poverty and environment/ neighborhood.
(i) Stress Theory: is a means by which parents adapt to stress issue like poverty and sickness and of
course affects the child's experience of a stressful environment (Moore and Vandivere, 2000). It
implies that stressed parents will not be able to provide thorough care at home for the child, engage
in coercive and harsh method in child raising.
(ii) Culture of poverty theory emphasizes that this parenting style can be continuous in the
generation, this tends to bridge the gap between children that are emerging from poverty. (Fram,
2000) says the motive is to break the culture of poverty by changing parenting style and attitude of
the less privileged parent
(iii) Poor environment theory complementary to stress and culture of poverty, it asserts that what
affects neighborhood environment is parenting

The Effects Of Community On Parenting Practices
Running head: EFFECTS OF COMMUNITY ON PARENTING Sanchez | 2
The Effects of Community on Parenting Practices
Christina Sanchez
November 6th 2016
The definition of a community can vary by its ' culture and experiences. It is those differences that
are the framework for what any given community regards as normal and appropriate when it
pertains to parenting practices. These norms set the standards as to when and how parents should
seek help from others as well. Parenting practices are normally looked at in relation to a particular
culture; this focus excludes community input and effect on the expectations and behaviors of
parents. For this reason, the focus of this paper will be the effect of community, not culture, on
parenting practices. The community can become the standard reference for a parent, and practices
may be accepted without question even if they do not match that of the broader society. Variations
that exist here in the Southwest, include Native and non–Native parenting practices, Hispanic
influences, and socio–economic factors. For Native American families in the Southwest, it is
important to also note that their style of shared living impacts their parenting practices. For instance,
children may live with other family members such as grandparents, and move routinely from family
member to family member as they are growing up. The burden of parenting or raising children in a
traditional Native American family belongs to the

Require Parenting Classes
Required Parenting Class:
The One Thing That Could Save Children
"Rock a bye baby in the tree top, when the wind blows the cradle will rock. When the bough breaks
the cradle will fall, down will come baby, cradle and all." A nursery rhyme, created so long ago,
gives insight into unsafe parenting. A child is falling while being outside in unhealthy weather
conditions. A child needs tender love and care in a safe environment, not a place outside in the wind.
Today, gradually people are procreating, but they have no idea how to enter into parenthood. Poor
parenting has been a problem going far back, simply when parents don't know how to care for a
child or what to expect when being a parent.
Before becoming a parent, soon–to–be's should ought to take classes to prepare themselves. The
classes would include what becoming a parent means, what to expect (with real life examples), how
to manage children when they are young and later in life, and finally, how to prepare them for the
next stages in their life. Parenting classes are powerful tools that every mother, father, and soon–to–
be's should take. Parenting classes could help better our society by providing caregivers with the
knowledge needed to be successful. Providing parenting classes could have the potential to ... Show
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Shaken Baby Syndrome normally happens due to a baby that starts crying non–stop and the parent
becomes frustrated and desperate, this is the time when the parents shakes the baby for a solution
hoping the crying will stop, but could ultimately lead to the demise of their child. This being said,
parents aren't the only ones that shake babies in time of desperation, babysitters can do the same
thing. In fact, anyone who is watching over little children, and finds that they just want the loud,
uncontrollable crying to stop ends up shaking the baby to stop the

Authoritative Parenting
There are four major parenting styles identified based on the dimensions of support and control–
authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful. Authoritative parenting is characterized by
the parents' high responsiveness, high demands of the child, high levels of autonomy granting
(Driscoll et al., 2008; Jabagchourian, Sorkhabi, Quach, & Strage, 2014; Rodriguez, Donovick &
Crowley, 2009). Authoritarian parenting is characterized by parents' having low responsiveness,
high demands, low autonomy granting (Driscoll et al., 2008; Rodriguez et al., 2009). Permissive
parenting is characterized by high levels of responsiveness and autonomy, but low levels of
demands (Driscoll et al., 2008; Jabagchourian et al., 2014; Rodriguez et al., 2009). ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jabagchourian et al. (2014) used the Paternal Authority and Questionnaire (PAQ) and the
Elementary School Study profile for teachers (ESSP), children were more likely to report their
mothers to be higher in authoritativeness than their fathers. Mothers' authoritative ratings were
significantly and positively correlated with children's grades, social competence, perspective–taking,
and self–regulation and negatively correlated with children's aggression (Jabagchourian et al., 2014).
Authoritative parenting is positively related to psychological well–being of children and teens
(Driscoll et al., 2008; Jabagchourian et al., 2014). Rodriguez et al. (2009) used the Acculturation
Rating Scale Mexican Americans II (ARSMA II) and Parenting Style Observation rating Scale (P–
SOS) and concluded that the more authoritative immigrant parents are, the more positive are the
outcomes for Latino children. Authoritarian parenting is associated with low levels of self–esteem
and high levels of depression among Latino teens (Jabagchourian et al., 2014). Driscoll et al. (2008)
five year longitudinal study of parenting styles of Latino immigrants, gathered that teens with
disengaged parents are at a higher risk of poor mental health outcome and low academic
achievement, while teens with permissive parents are seen as more aggressive and lacking self
regulation

Effective Parenting : A Relationship Between Caregivers...
Parenting usually occurs between the different generations or different birth cohorts at the same
generation which is the subsystem within the family, for example, parents and child, grandparents
and child, sibling (Lerner, Noh & Wilson, 1998). Sometimes, when children's parents or
grandparents are missing, uncle(s), aunt(s), or even neighbor(s) may take the responsibility of
parenting. Usually it takes the form of the elder one taking care of the younger one.
Parenting is a two–way relationship between caregivers and the one who is being cared, which "can
extend through all or major parts of the respective life spans of these groups; may engage all
institutions within a culture (including educational, economic, political, and social ones); and is
embedded in the history of a people––as that history occurs within the natural and designed settings
within which the group lives (Lerner, Noh & Wilson, 1998, para 4)."
Effective Parenting
Effective parenting refers to the process that facilitate physical, emotional, psychological and social
development of children/care–receivers, improve their skills and ability, prevent and/or modify their
problematic behaviors (Winter, Morawska & Sanders, 2012) as well as promote their resilience so as
to enable them to encounter challenges and satisfy their own needs without child maltreatment. In
order to achieve the expected positive outcome of effective parenting, generally, parents or other
caregivers should provide not only a warm, safe,

Thesis Statement : Early Anxiety Essay
Thesis Statement: Early Anxiety is stemmed from many factors, however the main cause of anxiety
in adolescents is directly related to parenting and/or family influences. As a child, life was hectic
from the beginning. Dad was in and out of jail, and when he was out my mom and him and my
mother would indulge in hard drugs. Don 't get me wrong, when you 're so twisted on drugs there is
only so much your body and mind is capable of doing, right? Since I could remember I've been the
boss, the keeper of the responsibilities, almost like the parent of my parents. Throughout school, i
had constant anxiety about school, worrying about my little brother and wondering if my parents
were okay. Fast forward to the present time, still on a daily basis I struggle with severe Anxiety. It
truly never went away, it only got worse. If I would have had a better mother daughter, or father
daughter relationship or didn't have to watch my parrents struggle with their anxiety and addictions,
and i had to worry a lot less I would have never developed this anxiety. Harpster 2. Anxiety can be a
very serious (disease/disorder) it is simply defined as an abnormal fear or tension which can occur
without any obvious trigger or session; a recurrence, unwelcome and intrusive thought. Anxiety can
also be defined as a subjective state of fear or tension. There are two types of anxiety, anxiety can
provide signals that alert the body to trigger it to improve mental and physical performance

Positive Effects Of Bad Parenting And Its Effects On Children
As a parent, it is a dream to have your child grow up into a responsible person. Even though every
parent wishes the best for his or her child, at times bad parenting gets in the way of that goal. Bad
parenting has many negative effects on the life of a child, so it is important for each and every
parent to evaluate their parenting skills to know the effects they on their child. No parent is perfect
but it is never wrong to try and be the best we can be. Since a parent guides the child, molding him
or her into the person they virtually become a role model. Some causes of poor parenting skills
include being a teen parent, and parents that having a substance abuse problems. Teen parents might
have a hard time developing parenting skills, as they may not have the emotional or financial
support to parent effectively. Bad parenting tends to lead to a number of problems in children such
as the inability to keep friendships and relationships, poor performance in school, and depression.
An effect of bad parenting is having a child who cannot maintain friendships or relationships for
very long. This mostly happens when they are not disciplined properly for the mistakes they make.
"Your kids require most of all to love them for who they are, not to spend your whole time trying to
correct them", Bill Ayers. The child grows up thinking that he or she is in control and is ever right.
He or she becomes a spoilt child who believes that he or she must always have their way in

Child Rearing Practices During The Twentieth Century
Child–rearing practices are derived from cultural influences on parents. For much of history,
parenting practices were passed down from family or based on religious beliefs. However, during
the late nineteenth and twentieth century, the way children were raised started to drastically change.
Parents began seeking scientific advice from researchers instead of clergymen. The systematic study
of child development prompted the emergence of child–rearing experts and parental advice
literature, which would fundamentally change the way American children were raised.
Child savers paved the way for "a sustained public commitment to children's welfare." The child–
saving movement started in the late eighteenth century. American cities were home to some of the
worst conditions for children. Poor youths roamed the streets begging for money and looking for
food scraps. As systems like apprenticeship declined, growing numbers of delinquent, urban
children and infant deaths rates were becoming too widespread to ignore. The child–savers were a
diverse group of people, including "elite philanthropists, evangelical Protestants, benevolent
middle–class women, [and] urban missionaries," dedicated to improving childhood in America.
However, child–saving ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although parenting advice had previously been religion–based, the new type of literature was
scientific and rational, written by physicians and psychologists. According to Mintz, "A concern
with personality development replaced an earlier preoccupation with shaping children's moral
character." One of the most important figures of the child study movement was G. Stanley Hall. Hall
was a psychologist who organized large studies of child development and advocated for specialized
treatment of adolescents. Hall believed children were being exposed to adult experiences too soon
and wanted to preserve their

Poor Parenting Case Study
The interstate compact has effectively opened communication lines between states. As an
unfortunate result of Payton Tuthill death ICAOS was put into effect and has effectively prevented
states from transferring known felons and misdemeanors on probation or parole to other states
without notifying the receiving state. This policy has closed a loophole in the system of an offender
going to another state and circumventing supervision all together. Conclusion In conclusion Donta
Paige was a product of his environment. He experienced major sociological and environmental
factors such as poor parenting, financial stress, physical and sexual abuse, and being surrounded by
violence in the neighborhood. He experiences psychological factors cause

The Myth Of Helplessness, Broken Homes, And Bad Parenting...
Schools frequently cite a variety of social problems like poverty, broken homes, and bad parenting
as excuses for their own poor performance (Greene, 289). In the article of The Myth of Helplessness
it touches on a few reasons why it is believed that some schools have great reviews and others don't.
Greene talks about what others believe helps the school systems and what is believed that causes
students to fail in school. I agree with author Jay P. Greene that, yes poverty, broken homes and
other social problems pose a significant challenge but the evidence simply does not leave room for
the conclusion that these challenges are insurmountable (290). Social problems are used as an
excuse for many things not to mention school as well. For example when the state ranks all the
schools in Jersey City, the schools that perform badly have many reasons to explain why. They use
students who come from bad homes, who are troubled, suffer from poverty or whose parents are not
very involved in their life or mistreat them as the reason why they ranked so low. The Board of
Education, teachers, principals, counselors etc. come up with the many reasons of why they are
doing so poorly and try and get to the root of the student and what type of issues they may have
going on. It is completely understandable that children and teenagers who come from rough homes
are not too focused on school and may see no point of learning. However, then we have other
students that regardless of how bad their

Criminal Justice
Abstract:
This essay will talk about the lack of family structure can be one of the biggest causes of
delinquency. It touches on four objectives on how lack of family structure can be a cause to a child's
delinquency.
One of the biggest causes of delinquency is the lack of stable family structure. For instance, a child
could be hurt, if not receiving passionate love and care from their parents. Those not receiving love
from their parents or their guardian as a child will probably act out for attention or start creating bad
behavioral habits. I know every family is not a perfect and not every child is fortunate to have their
parents in their lives. In this paper there are four objectives that I will talk about the lack of stable ...
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This can also cause a broken home and can affect a child. Siegel and Welsh (2012) defines broken
homes as home in which one or both parents are absent due to divorce or separation in such an
environment may be prone to antisocial behavior. According to Siegel and Welsh (2012) children
growing up in broken homes were much more likely to fall prey to delinquency than those who
lived in two parent households. Another issue that a family can have is when parents have a
disagreement. When the children see their parents misbehavior it can have affect on the child's
behavior too. The child might not get alone with other people or have bad relationships with others.
They also might keep to themselves socially. Siegel and Welsh (2012) states divorce may influence
children's misbehavior through its effect on parental misbehavior. The last objective I will touch on
is the lack of poor parenting skills. Parenting skills today are way different then it was back in the
past. Parents today are not teaching their children the right and wrong of their child's action. They
are not showing them the consequences of their child's action. Most of the time children tend to
imitate or pick up bad habits their parents do. That's where the parent needs to step in and tell them
to stop what their habits and teach them to break the cycle. In today society morals and values are
not taught to the child as they need to be.

Effects Of Poverty On Children
Abstract
The impact of poverty in the family at large is of major concern. The study examines the association
of the impact of poverty and children's health including the behavior pattern and achievement. The
research focus on the study that explore how child poverty contribute to the development than
parenting skills; how poverty has impact on the children. The research also provide information
about children health status and poverty and critically examines how poverty affect or is detrimental
to parenting and as well looked into family stress and parenting and also relationship and
consequences of children growing up poor. The research focus on necessary ways to intervene and
help families who are poor in restoring a functional and effective family in all aspect. By and large
the research support the conclusion that the detrimental impact of poverty on parenting is more of
stress and feeling of sadness, thus affect the style of parenting and its practicability. Factor that may
be responsible for the identified correlation been poverty on the path of the parent is also analyzed.
Finding therefore suggest that prompt intervention by parents at the very beginning stage of the
child development is paramount to reduce this impact and causes of poverty on the children. 1.0
Introduction
Parenting as described by English dictionary is to raise children and the task, activities that
encompasses it. While Poverty is the condition of having little or no money, goods or means to

Myth and Reality of Co-Parenting
11 September 2012 The Myth and Reality of Co–Parenting One thing that almost everybody will
have to deal with at least once in their lifetime is parenting. In parenting, both parents are needed to
make the job easier on themselves, their marriage and their child. In the essay The Myth of Co–
Parenting: How It Was Supposed to Be. How It Was. by Hope Edelman, Edelman tells her
experience with co–parenting. Edelman, along with many women, initially believed that co–
parenting was possible. She soon figured out, however, that it was not a realistic goal. Some points
that Edelman hits in the essay are the gender roles and societal expectations in parenting, being the
nurturer versus being the provider, and how poor communication can ruin ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Eventually, however, John's company stabilized and with that came fewer hours John needed to
work, and with that came the stability of their household and marriage (Edelman 289). Edelman
says that it has taken a lot for her to give up her dream of co–parenting, but that she has learned to
live with the imbalance and inequality of duties in their household (Edelman 289). Edelman makes
some great points throughout her essay and while I do agree with most of them, I disagree with her
stance on gender roles. Edelman says that she wanted to achieve a "shared responsibility" in her
household, that way the husband and wife would do the same amount of household duties while
keeping their full time jobs. I disagree with her view of this; I believe that if the husband is the one
working extended hours during a week, trying to provide for his family, then the wife shouldn't feel
angered or annoyed at having to pick up the extra slack around the house. The wife is generally the
one in the household who is known for being the care–taker, the cleaner, the cook, etc. The husband
is generally looked at as the provider for the family, the head of the household, the authority figure,
and it has always been that way. I understand there are circumstances where the husband can't find
work, or they get let go and

The Effect Of Poor Parenting On Male And Female Dating...
Modern society depends immensely on parenting, as younger generations of people learn lessons
and methods about their own development from their parents. They learn things concerning all
different aspects of themselves, from physical to emotional to intellectual development, parenting is
scientifically proven to have a major effect on civilization. Although the exact implication parenting
has on children is debated, many have tried to prove the link between negative parenting and
deficient social outcomes like domestic violence and substance abuse. After reviewing the journal,
"The Effect of Poor Parenting On Male and Female Dating Violence Perpetration and
Victimization", it becomes obvious that poor parenting works in accordance with the theory of
Social Learning and the antisocial orientation perspective. Due to poor parenting and antisocial
behavior, children can learn violence through observation and interaction, which in turn makes them
more likely to be a perpetrator or victimizer in dating violence later in life (Tyler, Brownridge,
Melander, 2011).Albert Bandura proposed the Social Learning Theory in 1977. At the time, what
this theory stated was quite radical, but it would turn out to be one of the most influential theories of
learning (Cherry, Kendra). The Social Learning Theory states that a child can learn through
observation, excluded from direct reinforcement. Furthermore, the child's observational learning
does not necessary lead to a change in behavior

The Effects Of Resistance On Children 's Life
Resistance is defined as the refusal to accept or comply with something. Being the person I am, I
tend to not be accepting of anything that goes against my morals, beliefs, and life style. When I got
married my husband's was raised so differently from me, we had been raised in two different worlds
and it caused me to slowly become more open to others. When we decided to become foster parents
and mentors of adolescents it seemed that as if the worlds we grew up in came together to make an
impact. The way my kids were raised it tested my patients and compassion and in a sense began to
harden my heart. As we come across different personalities and different home situations, most of
the adolescents we encounter, including our foster ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their mission statement is to facilitate and promote the building of resilient children, healthy
families, and strong neighborhoods & communities through collaboration, programming, and
resource development. The reason for my psychology degree is for me to understand the human
mind and behavior so I can help build resilient teens. My husband and I formed a basketball
program with the intent to teach and develop life skills, relationship with Christ and family unity.
My focus has always been the adolescent because it has always been easier to access them, but
through my practicum, I have learned that improved parenting is the most important goal of child
abuse prevention (Barth). Granted, I know there are cases where adolescents are overly defiant no
matter what but researchers have identified five common co– occurring issues for reasons parents
maltreat their children–parental substance abuse, parental mental illness, domestic violence, child
conduct problems, and family poverty (Barth 96). I often encounter families with parental substance
abuse and family poverty. Often we don't understand what we don't experience, it is easy to judge
and expect a parent to place a child as the main priority. Caregiver who abuse substance may place a
higher priority on their drug use than on caring for their children's needs... (Barth). Working on my
practicum and doing research I learned that

Influence of Culture on Parenting Practices and Child...
Influence of Culture on Parenting Practices and Child Development
Gloria Moore
MFCC 537
October 17, 2015
Professor Timothy Docheff Influence of Culture on Parenting Practices and Child Development
Parenting practices and child development have a strong correlation. "Parents often like to think that
children are immune to the stressful complexities and troubles of the rapidly changing adult world"
(Henderson, 2011). Many adults underestimate the perception of children to the world and,
therefore, believing concerns of the child do not matter. There are numerous factors involved in the
developing child such as family constellation, home environment, peer pressures, and societal
stresses. "The family, school, community, and many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hispanic–American families value respect, pride, loyalty, gender roles, and commitment to the
family. Biracial and multiracial families experience differences involving mixed values, beliefs, and
traditions that can be confusing to the children. Additional concerns and issues of these children
include autonomy, social marginality, and racial–ethnic identity can create isolation behaviors.
Secure Attachment and Problematic Family Relationships
"The attachments of both child and parents affect children's physical, psychological, behavioral, and
developmental wellbeing" (Rees, 2007). The emotional closeness that bonds the children to the
family is influenced by the parents. In families where secure attachment patterns do not exist can
create a dysfunctional environment for the children. "Attachment allows children the 'secure base'
necessary to explore, learn and relate, and the well–being, motivation, and opportunity to do so"
(Rees, 2007). A family with a trusting relationship that demonstrates consistency in nurturing leads
to positive developmental outcomes for the child's behavior. "While neuronal plasticity, developing
cognition, and experience modulate stress responses, they do so around a baseline influenced by the
first relationship an infant experiences" (Rees, 2007).
Factors Contributing To Attachment Concerns
Substance abusing parent, marital conflicts, emotional neglect, and poor stress regulation are factors
contributing to attachment

Negative Importance Of Co-Parenting
Co–parenting is important for cognitive adjustment in a child's development. Co–parenting
describes sharing parental responsibility by divorced parents or joint shared custody of a child. The
importance of co–parenting involves cooperation, support, and interactions for a successful
development. Co–parenting can adjust the child's development, parent's cooperation and support are
important contributions to a successful co–parenting. According to Feinberg (2010), coparenting
consists of four dimensions: 1.) agreement/disagree on issues 2.) work regarding childbearing 3.)
supports from both parents and 4.) interactions in the family.
Co–parenting can be stressful after a final divorce between the parents. When parents get into
divorced, co–parenting gets difficult when children have to go through the situation they become the
grand prize that both parents will fight for. Divorce conflicts between parents can get ugly and
unfair. Many parents feel the needs in raging about their ex spouse after the divorce and may vent
out about the other partner to their children. Divorce is associated with lower well–being for both
parents and children, therefore, this will lead to negative effects on children, which makes it even
harder for them to cope . Name calling, custody, and adult's issue can all lead to consequences and
adds more pressure when co–parenting starts. This affect a child's cognitive development negatively,
the opportunities for crucial nurturing activities that

Residential Schools Were Government Endorsed Schools For...
Residential schools were government endorsed schools for Aboriginal children. When children were
sent to the residential schools, they were taken away from their parents and placed into a strange,
unsupportive environment where the standing parental figures were often abusive towards them. The
Legacy of Hope Foundation (2015) says "First Nations, Inuit, and Métis children were often away
from their parents for long periods of time and this prevented the discovering and learning of
valuable parenting skills" (para. 1). These children never had a good parental figure growing up, so
they never learned the skills needed to be one. Therefore, when they had children of their own, they
did not know how to support them. In a regional study by the First Nations Centre, it was observed
that almost half of the adults who's parents had attended residential schools believed that the schools
had an effect on how they were parented as children. They also believe that their grandparent's
attendance at residential schools had an effect on the parenting their own parents had received (The
First Nations Centre, 2002/2003, "The Impact of Residential Schools", para.1). Based on the
evidence in this study, one can conclude that attendance at a residential school lead to a poor quality
of parenting because the attendees of residential schools did not have a positive parental figure to
learn parenting skills from. The past students of the residential schools did not know how to
effectively

The Importance Of Childhood In The Glass Castle
It is a common idea that everyone's childhood is the best time of their lives. As children it is
believed to be a time of freedom, happiness, safety, and no responsibilities; however, not every child
could agree with this. In the novel The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls, it tells the story of three
children and the childhood they lived with their irresponsible parents. The novel shows the
consequences a child could have if they have unfit parents while they are growing up. Although Rex
and Rose Mary Walls' intentions are to help their children become self–sufficient adults, the way
they try to achieve this goal unfortunately harms the children physically, emotionally, and mentally.
The novel expresses how Jeannette and her siblings are raised by their unconventional parents who
at many times are neglectful and careless. However they were still able to teach their kids key
characteristics that turned them into well rounded adults. Despite the many instances where the
Walls' family travels from one dysfunctional society to another, as well as travelling to various
locations such as Arizona, Nevada, West Virginia and New York, has a significant impact on the
family. Most of the time, Jeannette, Brian, and Lori, were left to take care of their parents, their baby
sister Maureen, and also each other. Through these sibling's many hardships, they were able to stick
together and form a solid relationship with one another, shaping their futures. The Glass Castle by
Jeannette Walls

Juvenile Delinquency : The Common Poor Parenting,...
Juvenile delinquency is one of the most complex, interesting and challenging phenomena in
Trinidad and Tobago. In recent years there have been a high proportion of juvenile males being
arrested and remanded at the nation's youth facilities. In 2013, 106 young males were sent to the
Youth Training Centre (YTC), for various offences, (Ministry of Justice, 2013). Among these, 25%
were arrested for murder, 16% for possession of drugs, 14% for robbery, 3% for breaching of school
rules and 6% were beyond control. This is a cause for concern as government ministries are working
swiftly to curb this issue. Psychologist believe there are many causes for juvenile delinquency, the
most common are poor parenting, socioeconomic status and peer pressure. Juvenile delinquency
have increased globally, this new phenomenon can be directly linked to poor parenting techniques.
Psychologists believe that the home is the natural school for children hence, parental interactions are
vital in preventing delinquency. Over the years, extensive research have linked the styles of
parenting used to juvenile delinquency. Baumrind (1971), defined three main parenting styles used;
the Authoritarian parenting style, the Permissive parenting style and the Authoritative parenting
style. Authoritarian parents are strict disciplinarians, they expect their children to follow stern rules.
They are very controlling and power oriented. Also, they exhibit little affection and support towards
their children.

The Most Important Job Of The World
Sandy Tom
McCourt
ENGL 1302
3 December 2014 The Most Important Job in the World A properly watered seed will bloom into a
beautiful flower. A growing seed that does not receive the proper care will wither away before it
even reaches the sunlight. Just like parenting skills, the nurture and care a child receives from their
parents throughout life is ultimately what defines the child when they grow into an adult. Bad
parenting such as neglect and improper discipline causes suffering to many children. If marriage
requires a license, the ability to procreate should be taken just as seriously. When a marriage does
not work out, the couple can simply separate without causing irreparable harm, whereas poor
parenting can cause a lifetime of suffering for the child. They may also affect large amounts of
innocent people, passing the unhealthy parenting from one generation to the next (Tebaldi).
Throughout history, many states heavily regulate marriage and tell people who they can or cannot
marry. Up until 1967, sixteen states did not permit same sex marriage. The regulation of marriage is
still strongly controversial to many Americans today, yet procreation is not regulated at all. The next
step after marriage for most, is raising children, which plays an even bigger role in society.
Therefore, it is crucial that parents educate themselves with the proper parenting skills to limit the
suffering in children. Poor parenting will severely affect a child throughout their life

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