This study compared the phytochemical and physicochemical properties of Tikta-anguna and Kiri-anguna to Jeewanti to determine if they can be used as substitutes. Screening found similar phenolic compounds, tannins, steroids, saponins, and coumarins in extracts of all three plants. Physicochemical analysis found Tikta-anguna and Kiri-anguna similar to Jeewanti except for differences in ethanol extractable matter, ash content, and acid-insoluble ash. TLC fingerprinting identified similar compounds in all three plants. Therefore, the study concluded that Tikta-anguna and Kiri-anguna can be used as
3. Introduction
Tikta-anguna and Kiri-anguna (Behet anguna)
Both come under one botanical name Wattakaka volubilis (Linn.f)
Family: Asclepiadaceae
• Both creepers are large twining shrubs, with long
glabrous branches, Leaves thin, ovate
1. Bitter variety
2. Sweet variety
3
5. • Parts Used:
• Leaves, roots and tender stalks are used
• Actions and common uses:
• Leaves are used for boils and abscesses as an application
• Roots and tender stalks are used for expectorant properties
in Ayurveda and traditional medicine
• Lactogenic
• Aphrodisiac
• Sweet variety –cooling and Tonic
5
6. Jeewanti
Leptadenia reticulate (Retz) Wight and Arn.
Family : Asclepiadaceae
A much - branched twining
shrub,
branches
numerous
and younger ones glabrous,
Leaves thin, ovate
6
7. L. reticulate
• Parts Used:
Both roots and leaves
Actions and common uses:
Both roots and leaves - Skin infections, wounds
Leaves - cough, as a respiratory stimulant,
Lactogenic
Aphrodisiac
Cooling and Tonic
7
8. Research background : Ayurvedic texts contain lot of
simple and effective as well as both externally and
internally used medicinal preparations, containing
Jeewanti (L. reticulata)
Jeewanti is found in most parts of India, but it is not
available in Sri Lanka
We had to find a most suitable substitute for Jeewanti
8
9. • According to literature survey and the
conversation with Senior Scientist in charge,
Haldummulla Research Gardens, we were
able to find morphologically, nearly similar
two plants (Tikta-anguna and Kiri-anguna) for
Jeewanti
• In addition, they have similar practices for
disease conditions
9
10. Comparison of the Two plants L. reticulate and W. volubilis
L. reticulate
W. volubilis
Family
Asclepiadaceae
Asclepiadaceae
Classical names
Jivanti, Svarnajivanti,
Tittajivanti
Hemajivanti, Sujivanti,
Svarnajivantika
Morphology
Many similarities
Many similarities
Common uses
Skin ailments
Respiratory tract infections
ENT disorders
Lactogenic
Burning sensation
Antipyretic
Use for poisoning
Aphrodisiac
Increase urination
Skin ailments
Respiratory tract infections
ENT disorders
Lactogenic
Burning sensation
Antipyretic
Use for poisoning
Aphrodisiac
Increase urination
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11. Purpose of this study was to investigate the
possibility of using Tikta-anguna and Kirianguna as substitutes for Jeewanti
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12. Objectives
To compare the phytochemical parameters of
W. volubilis (Tikta-anguna and Kiri-anguna) and
L. reticulata (Jeewanti)
To compare the physicochemical parameters of
W. volubilis (Tikta-anguna and Kiri-anguna) and
L. reticulata (Jeewanti)
To compare the fingerprint profiles of W. volubilis
(Tikta-anguna and Kiri-anguna) and L. reticulata
(Jeewanti)
12
13. Materials and Methods
W. volubilis (both varieties) were collected from Colombo, Sri
Lanka
Authentication was done by Scientist , Botany Division, BMARI,
Navinna, Maharagama
Voucher specimen No : W 2561
L. reticulata was collected from Jamnagar, India
Authentication was done by Botanist, Vidyaratnam Foundation
(Research and Development Section), Thrissur, Kerala, India,
according to the standards of Ayurveda Pharmacopeia in India
13
14. Plant materials
• Plant materials (leaves with tender stalk) were
shade dried and cut into small pieces
Then prepared the powder using the grinder
• Materials were kept in air tight containers until
used
14
16. • Determination of physicochemical
parameters
Physicochemical
parameters were evaluated
according to WHO standards
16
17. Extractable matter in
Hot Water Extract (HWE)
Hot Ethanol Extract (HEE)
Cold Water Extract (CWE)
Cold Ethanol Extract (CEE)
% Extractable mater = Weight of extract x 100
Weight of sample
17
18. Ash Content :
1. % Total ash
=
Ash Weight
x 100
Weight of sample
2. % Acid-insoluble ash = Acid insoluble Ash Weight x 100
Weight of sample
3. % Water-soluble ash =
Total Ash Weight - water insoluble residue in total ash x 100
Weight of sample
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19. TLC fingerprint profiles of W. volubilis and L. reticulata
• Extract - methanol extract
• Plant material - 4.0 g
• Extracts were spotted on a silica gel plate and TLC
fingerprints were developed using
Dichloromethane: Ethyl acetate: Cyclohexane
(40:1:10 v/v/v)
• Vanillin-sulphuric acid reagent was used for colour
development
19
20. Statistical analysis
• Data were analyzed by using Mann Whitney
test and findings of p<0.05 was considered to
indicate statistical significance
• All data were presented as mean ± SEM
• All the values were express as dry weight of
the sample and they were performed in
triplicate for accuracy
20
22. • Screening of phytochemical compounds of
(a) cold and hot ethanol and water extracts of W. volubilis and
L. reticulata revealed the presence of phenolic compounds,
tannins, and steroids
(b) cold and hot water extracts of W. volubilis and L. reticulata
revealed the presence of saponins
(c) cold and hot ethanol and water extracts of L. reticulata and
hot extracts of W. volubilis revealed the presence of coumarin
(d) In addition, hot water extract of W. volubilis contained
flavanoids
22
24. Following three physicochemical parameters of Jeewanti
were significantly different from that of Tikta-anguna and
Kiri-anguna
1. Hot and Cold Ethanol Extractable matter
2. Total ash Content
3. Acid-insoluble ash Content
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25. 3. TLC fingerprint profiles of Tikta-anguna, Kiri-anguna and Jeewanti
1
2µL
2
2µL
3
1
2
2µL
2µL
2µL
Wave length – at 254 nm
3
2µL
After spraying
Vanillin -sulphuric acid
1. L. reticulata (Jeewanti )
2. W. volubilis (Kiri-anguna)
3. W. volubilis (Tikta-anguna)
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26. TLC- densitogram fingerprint of Tikta-anguna, Kiri-anguna and Jeewanti,
at 254 nm
Red – Tikta anguna (W. volubilis)
Blue – Kiri anguna (W. volubilis)
Green – Jeewanti (L. reticulata)
26
27. According to TLC fingerprints of
Tikta-anguna,
Jeewanti,
Kiri-anguna
similar
and
compounds
were identified in three samples
27
28. According to the results of this study,
phytochemical parameters, physicochemical
parameters and fingerprint profiles of Tiktaanguna and Kiri-anguna have very similar
properties and they are similar to Jeewanti
also
28
29. conclusions
• As this study reveals, Tikta-anguna, Kiri-anguna and Jeewanti
have more similarities in terms of phytochemical parameters,
physicochemical parameters and fingerprint profiles
• Therefore, both Tikta-anguna and Kiri-anguna can be used as
substitutes for Jeewanti in ayurvedic preparations
29
30. According to traditional medicine, Kiri-anguna (Behet-anguna) is
commonly used for medicinal preparations
Further, Kiri-anguna (behet-anguna) can be considered as the
“sweet variety” of W. volubilis and it has similar properties such
as GUNA (Quality), RASA (Taste), VIPAK (Metabolism), VIRYA
(Potency), PRABHAV (Impact) to Jeewanti
• After considering all, we can conclude that kiri-anguna (behetanguna) is much better to use as a substitute for Jeewanti
30
31. References
•
Parangepe, P., Indian medicinal Plants, 2005, Chaukhamba Sanskrit
Pratishthan, Delhi.pp 116-117
•
Jayaweera, D.M.A., Medicinal Plants (Indigenous and Exotic) Used in
Ceylon, 2006, The National Science Foundation, Sri Lanka, pp 225
•
Kirtikar, K. R., Basu, B. D., Indian Medicinal Plants- volume III, 1996,Valley
offset printers and publishers, Dehra Dun, pp 2267-2268
•
Senaratna, L. K., A Check List of Flowering Plants of Sri Lanka, 2001, The
National Science Foundation, Sri Lanka, pp 46
•
Sharma, P.C., Yelne, M.B., Dennis, T.J., Database on Medicinal plants used
in Ayurveda, 2002, Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha,
New Delhi. Pp 270-272
31
32. Acknowledgement
• Mr Piyal Marasingha – Senior scientist , Dept of Ayurveda
• Dr. Sudeesh Kumar and the Vidyaratnam Foundation
(Research and Development Section), Thrissur, Kerala, India
• Industrial Technology Institute
• National Centre for Advanced Studies for Humanities and
Social Sciences (NCAS)
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