Kanyini Belonging

Kanyini Belonging
I don't agree with the statement it says that the loss is minimal but they have lost everything they
care about especially their family not just their land. They did nothing wrong they were just 'born
black'. They lost their dignity and freedom including their families. They haven't just taken away
their love they have taken away their spirituality and their love for everything they lost their
Kanyini.Their land is their mother. No land no culture no spirituality and no love. They were put
away to be forgotten about. This topic is significant because the indigenous Australians have been
around for 40,000 years. They deserve their home back and everything they have lost they haven't
done anything wrong.
Kanyini takes us on a journey to not only discover Aboriginal culture, but also to discover the
shocking pain white ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bob Randall tells of being taken in his youth from the Yankunytjatjara people of Uluru and the
damage done to Aborigines in the attempt to destroy a culture. Idyllic early life, shattered when he is
taken from his family as one of the 'Stolen Generation', and his journey since then. While there is
sadness and desperation, the film finishes with a sense of hope. Our black history has got wounds
that are so deep, that even us modern people are feeling it. We both have these scars, and we need to
heal together. Listen and understand, and let's try and make things right from now on. What we need
to do is go back and say 'this is where we went wrong, these things did happen. We shouldn't deny it
anymore'. It's our right to have the sense of belonging, which carries the responsibility of what we
call 'kanyini'.White people need to understand our system by coming and learning from us, so that
we get a 2 way of learning and living together. Thousands of years of teaching, you can learn and we
can share. Over 40,000 years of culture. One philosophy that connects us
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Essay On Australian Health Care
The Country of Australia has different medical techniques and traditions than the United States. The
Australian healthcare is mostly made up of private medical practitioners or by the government–
operated hospitals. The cost of the services is paid by private insurance or government agencies. The
Australian government provides its people with Medicare. They have a medical visa for anyone
outside of Australia. To be eligible for this visa you have to have a medical procedure in Australia,
becoming to donate an organ. Also if you're coming with a person donating an organ or be applying
for this visa. If you are an Australian citizen you need this visa to get an organ donation if the donor
is from another country.They must be the age of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Healers are born into their ability by family lines and knowledge passed down through the family to
family. This can could start when there a taller or as a child when the family and the community
members identify hem as a natural healer. There the same to doctors in the effectiveness for their
people. There is evidence that shows that spirituality helps them cope to be strong, resilient, and
determined. It also helps them deal with life problems. They work alongside doctors in hospitals in
South Australia. In Australia, the south is the only state that except the tradition of the Aboriginals.
Christianity is the top religion in Australia, then Islam, and Buddhism. Some said they had no
railgun for that year that they took the data. The religion in Australia has changed in the past 50
years. In 1966 the Christian population was far greater than any other religion. In 1991 the
percentage drops dramatically by 74 percent and keep dropping into 2016. Australia has a variation
of religion in its catcher. Like Hinduism, Sikhism, Islam, and Buddhism. In the Australia history, the
believed in ancient begin to like the kangaroo–man, emu–man or bowerbird– woman. The story
goes that they traveled the earth and created humans, plants, and animal life the land has little traces
of their journey. There are ceremonies over in Australia, one in finals spiritual sacred sites. Where
they have dancing and songs. They have body paint and sports which involves there myths and

The Marree Man Mystery
Mystery of the Marree Man The Marree Man was shrouded in mystery and it was not until almost
10 years after its creation that the work was attributed to Bardius Golberg, based on the statements
of his close friends, although he never claimed the work himself and who died several years after is
creation. Interestingly, the mystery surrounding this image has generated much attention from
conspiracy theorists and frequently appears on UFO websites like UFO Research Queensland, or
UFOlogie, and it is the largest environmental artwork in Australia. The Worlds Largest Geoglyph
The 4.2km–long figure of the Marree Man spans over 28km in circumference, and depicts an
Aboriginal hunter, possibly from the Pitjantjatjara people, indigenous to the region.

The Treatment Of Indigenous Australians
Treatment of Indigenous Australians
Indigenous Australians are the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander individuals of Australia,
plummeted from gatherings that existed in Australia and encompassing islands preceding European
colonization. There is incredible assorted qualities among various Indigenous people group and
social orders in Australia, each with its own particular blend of societies, traditions and dialects. In
present–day Australia these gatherings are further separated into nearby communities. At the season
of starting European settlement, more than 250 dialects were talked; it is as of now evaluated that
120 to 145 of these stay being used, and everything except 13 are thought to be endangered.
Aboriginal individuals today generally communicate in English, with Aboriginal expressions and
words being added to make Australian Aboriginal English. Native individuals basically lived as
seeker gatherers, chasing and scavenging for sustenance from the area. Albeit Aboriginal society
was by and large versatile, or semi–itinerant, moving as per the changing sustenance accessibility
found crosswise over various regions as seasons changed, the method of life and material societies
fluctuated incredibly from locale to district, and there were lasting settlements and agriculture in a
few ranges.
English colonization of Australia started with the entry of the First Fleet in Botany Bay in 1788. One
prompt outcome of British settlement was a progression of European pandemic

Ayer's Rock: Aboriginal Contribution Of Uluru To The...
Ayer's Rock, also know as Uluru to the Aboriginees that have inhabited the area for more than
10,000 years, is a landmark that brings floods of tourists to the Uluru–Kata Tjuta National Park
(About Ayer's Rock). This land is sacred to the Aboriginees, and much like American's demand
respect for their Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Aboriginees demand respect for this sacred ground,
and rightfully so. Culturally, they are not to touch, stand, or climb on it. Westerners sought to reach
the colorful rock formations and do just those things. It is utterly disrespectful for Westerners to
tarnish the sacredness of the land. According to Uluru–australia.com, Uluru is sacred to the local
Pitjantjatjara tribe that live here. It was said to have been formed

Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are the oldest surviving culture in the world. They
have occupied Australia for at least 65,000 years. Their cultures are complex and diverse.
The reason Aboriginal cultures have survived for so long is their ability to adapt and change over
time.
It was this affinity with their surroundings that goes a long way to explaining how Aboriginal people
survived for so many millennia.
In Australia, Indigenous communities keep their cultural heritage alive by passing their knowledge,
arts, rituals and performances from one generation to another, speaking and teaching languages,
protecting cultural materials, sacred and significant sites, and objects.
Land is fundamental to the wellbeing of Aboriginal people. The land is not just soil or rocks or
minerals, but a whole environment that sustains and is sustained by people and culture.
For Indigenous Australians, the land is the core of all spirituality and this relationship and the spirit
of 'country ' is central to the issues that are important to Indigenous people today.
All of Australia 's Aboriginals were semi–nomadic hunters and gatherers, with each clan having its
own territory from which they 'made their living '. These territories or 'traditional lands ' were
defined by geographic boundaries such as rivers, lakes and mountains. They understood and cared
for their different environments, and adapted to them.
They have passed on knowledge and traditions through

Otitis Media Case Study
bathing in unhygienic water was known to increase the risk of chronic suppurative otitis media
(Sabella, 2000). It seems that well–serviced swimming pool may help in clearing discharges from
the middle ear space(Pringle, 1993). However, some studies suggested this may not be the case
(Lee, Youk, & Goldstein, 1999). And a more recent international investigation suggested swimming
pools with improved hygienic facilities have no obvious benefit to other otitis media subtypes such
as acute otitis media(Bernard, Carbonnelle, Dumont, & Nickmilder, 2007).
Nevertheless, studies done in Australian Indigenous communities revealed a lower rate of chronic
otitis media in rural Indigenous communities with swimming pools or natural swimming
waters(Hudson ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Simply the status of Indigenous is a significant risk factor for all types of otitis media. The
prevalence of acute otitis media among Indigenous children can go up to 30%(HPE, 2009), which is
far beyond the percentage (4%) specified by WHO as a massive public health issue.
Some studies have been conducted to investigate the possibility of the involvement of a genetic
predisposition to the high prevalence of otitis media among Indigenous populations (Klein, 1994).
However, poverty and social disparities as major health risks should not be overlooked.
Otitis media in Australian Indigenous population is both under–recognized and under–
reported(Jervis–Bardy et al., 2014). The studies reviewed here showed that otitis media in
Indigenous populations starts earlier, lasts longer with a more severe manifestation compared to the
general population. Poor living conditions and household infrastructures, exposure to environmental
smoke contribute to a higher risk of otitis media in Indigenous children. However, recent studies on
the impact of swimming pools and breastfeeding negates the findings of previous researches.
Nevertheless, the unacceptably high prevalence of otitis media among Indigenous population is the
result of multiple factors including medical, socio–cultural, environmental and political elements.
All

Similarities Between Uluru And Yasuni National Parks
Title: National Parks
Rationale
National Parks are considered zones of a country that are sheltered by the government due their
natural magnificence or because their special history. The importance of National Parks for each
country demonstrates the grade of relevance in which these nations are concerned about
conservation of natural resources. We have chosen this topic in order to stand out the differences and
similarities between Uluru and Yasuní National Parks as product of governments' agreements and
their impacts are mainly focus on social, political and environmental fields. The following paper
emphasises those significant points including the aboriginal culture in these conserved areas due to
its ancient population contribution to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This area is commonly comprise of sand plains, dunes and alluvial desert (UNESCO, n.d.). Uluru
has an exclusive type of stone called arkose which is grey but because of rusting looks red (Parks
Australia, 2013). The landscape is dominated by spinifex and low shrubs. The diverse and unique
landscape at Uluru is principally due to its location.
Public Policies
Commonwealth's Authorities concern on nature conservation and cultural Heritage have established
many laws especially created in order to protect and preserve National Parks. Those regulations
express the Commonwealth's interest in ecosystem preservation issues and its commitment to save
traditional values. Two important regulations declared by the Commonwealth are cited below.
–'National Parks management objective is to identify, protect, conserve, present and transmit a
place's values' (Boer & Wiffen, 2006).
–'Heritage values recognise that Indigenous people are the primary source of information on the
value of their heritage and their active participation assures the effective protection of Indigenous
heritage values' (Boer & Wiffen, 2006).
Natural Landscapes
The park shows unique and spectacular views, in spite that Uluru location is mainly desert there are
several living species such as birds, mammals and plants who grow in this area. The diversity of
creatures at Uluru National Park includes 'twenty two native mammals found in it, including dingo,
red kangaroo, several

The Low Selection Of Ict
Security
The low selection of ICTs would appear to bolster the supposition that Indigenous.
For the most part indigenous individuals are ignorant so they would prefer not to utilize
smartphones so is it conceivable to show them how to utilize, yes it is totally conceivable to utilize
phones the main thing is ICT individuals make a product in their in their own particular language
then it will be extremely use to interface with them. Australians are dismissing Western qualities
implanted in the innovation. Be that as it may, firmly identified with the issue of Indigenous
appropriation of PC innovation is the capacity of Indigenous Australians to get to ICTs. Absence of
value of access is most likely adequate to clarify the low reception rates, without falling back on
social contentions.
"Access to the Internet within Indigenous communities is becoming vital to ensure delivery of
services, particularly in education and health, and to keep abreast of technological advancement."
Australian Bureau of Statistics report.
Source: http://www.creativespirits.info/aboriginalculture/economy/internet–access–in–aboriginal–
communities#ixzz3peUIeQ9P
In 2011, 80% of all Australians got to the Internet consistently, yet only 6% of occupants in some
remote indigenous groups even had a PC.
While indigenous individuals living in urban areas and territorial towns as a rule appreciate great
Internet access, in 2007 just 10% of Aboriginal groups could access to the Internet. In a few groups,
as

Essay Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have faced disadvantages in various areas, particularly
housing. The disadvantages these people face now are the result of policies introduced by the
European settlers, then the government. The policies introduced were protection, assimilation,
integration and self–determination. It is hard to understand the housing disadvantages faced by
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people if their history is not known.
In 1788 when the European settlers "colonised" Australia, the Australian land was known as "terra
nullius" which means "land belonging to no–one". This decision set the stage for the problems and
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The police could also expel 'trouble makers' from reserves.
The policy of Assimilation/Integration was in force from the 1930's to the early 1960's. The
Assimilation policy was aimed to make the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people more
'civilized' and 'westernised'. It was hoped by the State Governments and Federal Government that
the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identity would be destroyed and lost forever. The "Stolen
Generation" was caused by the Assimilation policy. Children under fourteen years old were taken
away from their parents and placed in "training homes" such as the "Cootamundra Domestic
Training Home for Aboriginal Girls". It was easy for the governments to defend their decision to
remove Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children due to the destitute conditions of the reserves.
In 1939 the "Exemption Certificate" was introduced. This certificate gave Aboriginal and Torres
Strait Islander people the opportunity to become 'normal' people if they follow government orders.
The orders included the people were not allowed to live on the reserves, therefore not allowed to be
with their families, and not allowed to socialize with non–Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders.
This leaves the exempted Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders lonely and without any proper life.
The exempted Aboriginal and Torres

Aboriginal Identity And Rituals: The Dreaming
The Dreaming The Dreaming is communicated through songs, stories and rituals, in which is
explains how the "creator ancestors shaped the land and brought it to life" (Gammage, 2011, p.
1419). All of life, from religion, geography, life and more, are explained and connected to the
Aboriginal people's spirituality, land and family through this form of communication. The
Dreamtime "shapes the Aboriginal people's view of the universe and themselves" (Wierzbicka &
Goddard, 2015, p. 43). The passing on of the Dreaming stories from one generation to the next was
a "most important aspect of education" (Edwards, 1998, p. 83) and is seen as the fundamental
reality. Edwards stated that through ritual, humans are able to "enter into a direct relationship with ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
80). These were made into totems for each group, to identify themselves and their relationship to the
land and others. There are about 900 Aboriginal nations within Australia and, so, The Dreaming
stories differ greatly. Kinship Aboriginal relationships are governed by a complex and intricate
system of rules, known as "the classificatory system of kinship, and is essential to physical,
psychological and emotional survival in traditional Aboriginal society" (Fryer–Smith, 2008, p. 47).
It organizes social and economic relationships, all of which are of "vital importance" in Aboriginal
societies (Edwards, 1998, p. 85). Every person in a language group knows exactly where they stand
in relation to every other person in or outside that group due to this system (Fryer–Smith, 2008, p.
47). Diagram 1 shows how classificatory terms apply to a person's "collateral relatives" (Fryer–
Smith, 2008, p. 47). Diagram

The Blood In My Veins Analysis
The Blood In My Veins is a creative response to Tjukurpa Kunpa, 2017, by Mumu Mike Williams
and Willy Muntjantji Martin, senior men from the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY)
Lands. They created this piece together specifically for of the Tarnanthi Festival of Contemporary
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Art and is currently on display in the Art Gallery of South
Australia.
Australia's Aboriginal Peoples form the longest living culture in the world, they have experienced
massive conflicts and suffered many losses. Tjukurpa Kunpa, means 'Strong Law & Culture,' and
forms part of a collection of paintings that concentrate on political and cultural issues that have
resulted from colonisation. The painting outlines the shape of Australia and is decorated with
symbols and writings that hold significant meaning to Aboriginal cultures.
I was born in Ireland to an Irish father and Scottish mother, therefore my ancestry is of Celtic origin.
Ireland was England's first colony and The Blood In My Veins responds to Tjukurpa Kunpa by
telling the story of the suppression and discrimination that my descendants also suffered. Irish
people are known for their warm and friendly nature, however, in 1801 when Ireland was made part
of the United Kingdom, discriminatory laws ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Inside the borderlines of Ireland are Celtic symbols, positioned to form three vertical stripes, green,
white and gold. These are the colours of the Irish Flag and represent hope and peace. Celtic
symbolisms have been passed down through generations and hold incredible meaning, for example,
the never ending lines of the spiral symbolise continuity of life, flow of nature and spiritual growth,
the harp illustrations the immortal soul and the intersecting ring of the Celtic cross is a solar symbol
of energy and life

Exploring Loss Of Culture And The Social And Political...
When applying these skills and knowledges, students further understand empathy, difference and the
ability to see through different perspectives. For students to showcase that they have gained these
skills and knowledges they will need to display an understanding of different ways of living – for
example, before and after the arrival of Europeans: how that has affected the Aboriginal and Torres
Strait Islander sense of connectedness to the land they live on. Students will recognize how being
taken from your ancestral land, and removed from your community would create a disconnectedness
with "White Australia" and that Aboriginal Australians are still affected by past experiences today
(Price & Rose, 2012).
Main teaching activities
Students will be exploring an inquiry question throughout the unit of "How did connectedness get
broken?" (Education Australia, 2013). Within this inquiry unit students are exploring loss of culture
and the social and political outcomes based on inequality and mistreatment. To ensure students
understand the question and come to a solid conclusion, they will be supported throughout using a
variety of resources.
Students will be watching the film Kanyini (2006), which explores the idea of interconnectedness,
caring, and protecting, whilst also delving into the darker side of Australian history with the
oppression faced by Aboriginal Australians (Randall & Hogan, 2006.) To meet the criteria stated in
Ausvels (2015), students will be learning about

Bilingual Education Policy in Australia Concerning...
From the time the British first settled the continent to the present, the Aboriginal people of Australia
and the English–speaking Australian government have had a rocky relationship. For many years,
aboriginal Australians experienced much discrimination and racism. Like Native Americans in the
United States, the Aborigines were displaced from their tribal lands and forced into designated
settlements. This was all part of an attempt on the part of the government and the European settlers
to eradicate Aboriginal culture. Though overtly racist policies have now been done away with and
formal apologies given, much of Aboriginal culture has been lost. Efforts to revive it are now
underway, and at the forefront of these are efforts to revitalize ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Ensuring that Aboriginal children are able to become fully proficient in Standard Australian English
is important, since it greatly expands the number of opportunities available to them in higher
education, employment, and access to services (McKay, 300). Aboriginal parents are eager for these
children to gain access to these opportunities through mastery of Standard Australian English, but do
not wish their own languages to be lost in the process (McKay, 305). Aboriginal Australians, even
those who do not themselves speak an Aboriginal language, show great pride in their language as
part of their cultural identity (McKay, 299). As such, it is necessary for schools to display
"recognition of each language's intrinsic cultural value and linguistic complexity and uniqueness"
(Gale, 282). Concrete evidence of the value of these languages to Aboriginal people is shown by the
fact that knowledge of an Aboriginal language decreases the likelihood of excessive alcohol
consumption and illicit drug use in 15 to 24 year old Aborigines (McKay, 300). In the past, well–
implemented bilingual education programs have resulted in a stronger relationship between schools
and their surrounding communities, as well as an increase in the interest of Aboriginal people in
becoming teachers (McKay, 312). Teachers who have been involved in bilingual education programs
know the positive effects they have on

Tourism Advantages And Disadvantages At Uluru
Tourism advantages: There are many tourism advantages at Uluru (Ayers Rock). Well–managed
tourism can generate the financial and political support, which is needed to sustain the values of
protected areas (such as Uluru). It can also increase understanding of the environment and its
cultural values, which contributes to enriching visitors experience of Uluru. Each year more than
250,000 people visit Uluru and its national park from all around the world, that's around 680 people
each day. This is good economically as the entry fees are between $15 and $65. Uluru is opened all
year round. Nationally, the nature–based tourism sector contributes $23 billion to the Australian
economy each year.
Indigenous tourism is a key element of our protected area estate's existing, which is a potential
tourism offer. Many Aboriginals come and see their cultural site. Uluru is cultural as it's a living
cultural landscape that of which is considered sacred to the Yankunytjatjara and Pitjantjatjara
people. These people are the traditional owner of the Uluru–kata Tjuta national park.
Many people come to visit the Maraku retail gallery in the cultural centre. The striking gallery
provides you with the perfect opportunity to meet and purchase work from the artist. All funds from
the gallery are returned to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most of the disadvantages are environmental disadvantages. One of the environmental
disadvantages may be that people may walk or trespassing on protected or forbitten land. There are
many places you can go at Uluru, but some areas are sacred or dangers. You must respect the land
and there amazing and unique artefacts. Whilst visiting the amazing landscape, people must respect
Uluru and its surrounding as you don't just go up and touch or take a piece of Ayers rock. it's like
going into someone's home, you don't just walk up and start ruining their house. You must respect
the belonging; the same thing goes for

Uluru: A Brief History
Uluru is the 2nd largest monolith in the world. It covers an area of 3.33 square kilometres and has a
circumference of 9.4km. It is 348 metres tall and over 860 metres above sea level. Uluru is located
450km away from Alice Springs in the Northern Territory. It has geographical coordinates of 25º 20'
42" S and 131º 01' 57" E. In summer Uluru reaches up to 47º Celsius and it is a Natural World
Heritage Site.
Uluru is around 600 million years old and the Aborigines believe that it was formed in the
Dreamtime. The Dreamtime was "the ancient time of creation of all things by sacred ancestors" . For
the aboriginal people the dreamtime is at the heart of their cuture, society, traditions and spirituality
and of the many sacred sites around Australia, Uluru is one of the most important. They believe that
Uluru was created by the activities of their 10 spirit people ancestors in this area and ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
He then named it after Sir Henry Ayers who at that time was the chief secretary of the Northern
Territory. The Europeans at this time valued Uluru for its looks (aesthetic) because Uluru was a
unique large rock. Today the government still values Uluru for its aesthetic value, but also its
economic value because it is a popular tourist destination.
Over time Uluru has had competing values as the Aborigines valued Uluru for its cultural and
spiritual history and the government valued Uluru for its economic and aesthetic side of things. The
government decided to have Uluru as a National Park and return the land to the Anangu people (also
known as the Yankunytjatjara and the Pitjantjatjara people). The Anangu people now own and run
the national park. The national park was named Ayers rock/Uluru but in 2002 this name was official
reversed to Uluru/Ayers rock. The Anangu people continue to be guided by Tjukunpa (law) and keep
the culture and sprit at Uluru

Uutu Research Paper
Uluru is the biggest rock in the world. It is 9.4km if you walk around it and about 345 metres high if
you climb it. It's 3.6km long, 2km wide, and is a roughly oval shape. It's made of arkosic sandstone
and is renowned for the way it changes colour in the light and is particularly spectacular at sunrise
and sunset. Uluru is the homeland of the Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara people and was returned
to their care and ownership in 1985. The area contains carvings and paintings by Aboriginal people
and is also the location of a number of sacred sites which are closed to the public. Uluru was named
by European explorer William Gosse who sighted it in July 1873. He named it after the South
Australian premier of the time Sir Henry Ayers. In

Onus And Tracey Mofft
Reflections
The way history has been reflected by many contemporary artists, has been manipulated through
their own cultural backgrounds and unique life experiences. Culturally historical events have been
captured in many artists work and the subject of race and violence are reflected upon heavily.
Artists, Lin Onus and Tracey Moffatt, are highly acknowledged modern, Australian Artists, who
have both successfully explored the concept of incorporating and reflecting on cultural ordeals and
events that have affected Indigenous Australians. Onus reflects his own cultural influences in his
work through Aboriginal X–ray combined with Western art techniques to display cultural concerns
of his people. Moffatt also addresses similar cultural issues but uses a series of photographs that
reflect minor outrages and distress that have inflicted the lives of many aborigines. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Onus was a Scottish–Aboriginal Artist, whose work has been greatly influenced by his father who
became the founder of the Aboriginal Advancement League. This has amplified his cultural
connection to the welfare of aborigines and his reflections upon their treatment in past years. The
piece, 'Maralinga' (1990) is a sculpture composed of fibreglass, pigment, plexiglass and paper
stickers. The subject of the piece is of a mother protecting her child from an atomic bomb blast.
Maralinga is located in the remote western areas of South Australia and was the home of the
Maralinga Tjarutja, a southern Pitjantjatjara Indigenous Australian people. Onus has used this
sculpture to reflect on the way these people and their sacred land has been destroyed due to secret
nuclear tests ordered by the British

Aboriginal Kidney Disease
1. The concern of social issue in this study is the disproportionate burden of chronic kidney disease
in Indigenous Australians. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander suffer considerably higher rates of
chronic kidney disease than the non–Indigenous population in which 11% of those getting treatment
for end–stage kidney disease (ESKD) are Indigenous people. On the other hand, the population of
Indigenous Australians is only around 3% of the total population in Australia (Anderson,
Cunningham, Devitt, & Cass, 2013; Anderson, Devitt, Cunningham, Preece, & Cass, 2008).
Therefore, such condition indicates a serious public health problem due to several barriers that affect
Indigenous people's response towards ESKD and its treatments. Living in remote area with poor
health facilities creates a constraint for Aboriginal people to receive equitable treatments while renal
specialist, renal transplantation and dialysis services tend to be allocated in the urban area (Cass,
Cunningham, Snelling, Wang, & Hoy, 2004; Preston–Thomas, Cass, & O 'Rourke, 2007). Patients
with ESKD have to attend dialysis treatment three times a week. Hence, Indigenous people who
come from a remote area must leave their community to get dialysis medication. Coming from low
socio–economic status and education level, Indigenous people also have to face some difficulties to
engage with the treatment services. Effective communication between Indigenous people and health
providers during the treatment process might

Kanyini Belonging

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Alexis Naranjo

More from Alexis Naranjo (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Kanyini Belonging