2. The process of constructing or
structuring a national identity to
unify the people so that the
country remains
politically, economically and
socially stable.
3. To develop the spirit of patriotism
To foster national unity by developing a new
nation and an integrated race
To establish solidarity among its people
Labels the citizens with a new identity
To form unity which can be channelled
towards developing a country
4. The country must have gained independence
The society should have solidarity
The country should organized political system
The country should have autonomy
The government-of-the-day must have the
people’s mandate
5. Firstly
• ‘nation building’ had occurred since the
1940s, the strongest influences being the
nationalist movements that were brought
together for the formation of UMNO
Secondly
• ‘nation building’ was changed to ‘state
building’ under Tunku Abdul Rahman
6. Thirdly
• nation building had been altered in the
1970s in order to adopt the political
multiracial building of Tun Abdul Razak’s
reign in power to the Tun Hussein Onn
administration
Fourthly
• in the 1980s, when Dr. Mahathir took office
after Tun Hussein Onn, nation building was
transformed into ‘Islamic-Eastern building’
7. Mahathir transformed Malaysian ‘state building’ to adapt to
international change, by giving priority to the East rather
than the West.
His ‘Look East’ policy dominated the paradigm change in the
‘state building’ in the first era of Mahathir’s administration
The second phaseof Mahathir’s plan was to modify the
concept of ‘state building’ in Malaysia to deal with Islamic
extremism by focusing on gaining support from the Islamic
world to recognize Malaysia as an Islamic state and that the
government is following the right view of Islamic Sunnah
This provides a balance between ‘state building’ and the
‘nation building’ in Malaysia. Under Dr. Mahathir’s reign, the
process for state building is ‘enormously excellent’
8.
9. This cause races are not united among
themselves because of:
Ignorance of other ethnic groups -segregation or
physical separation
Process of socialization limited to within ethnic group
Communal Politics
Socio-economic difference
cultural differences
1. Plural Society
10. The 13th May 1969 Incident was a term for the Sino-
Malay sectarian violence in Kuala Lumpur.
Because of more aggressive affirmative action
policies, such as the New Economics Policy
(NEP), after 1969.
Because of the influence by extremism and
communism
2. 13TH MAY 1969 BLOODY INCIDENT
11. Ignorance of other ethnic groups
Process of socialization limited to within ethnic
group
Communal Politics
Socio-Economic difference
Cultural Differences
Segregation/Physical Separation
12.
13. 1957-National Language Act
Position of Bahasa Melayu as the national language was enshrined
in Perkara 152 Perlembagaan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu in 1957.
Steps to promote the Malay language:
1. Establishment Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka in 1956
2. Launching “Minggu Bahasa” and “Bulan Bahasa.”
3. In 1960, the slogan “Bahasa Jiwa Bangsa” was launched and the
establishment of secondary schools use Malay as the medium of
instruction as the Sekolah Alam Shah, Sekolah Sri Puteri and
Sekolah Sultan Abdul Halim.
14. 31 August 1970 -National Ideology
to achieve a greater unity of all her
peoples;
to maintain a democratic way of life;
to create a just society in which the
wealth of the nation shall be equitably
shared;
to build a progressive society which
shall be oriented to modern science
and technology;
Belief in God
Loyalty To King and
Country
Upholding the
constitution
Rule of laws
Courtesy and
Morality
15. 1971- New Economic Policy (NEP)
By Tun Abdul Razak
to balance the socio-economic dispute among races
to reduce and eventually eradicate poverty
to reduce and eventually eradicate identification of
economic function with race
such as the Chinese‟s dominance in the mining and
industrial sectors, and the Malay‟s reliance on self-
subsistence economic areas.
16. 1971-National Culture Policy
organized by the Ministry of Culture, Youth and
Sports in 1971.
to enrich and enhance the quality of life in terms of
human and spiritual balance with socio-economic
development.
Principles:
1. The original people of the Malay culture as a vital.
2. Other elements cultural fit and acceptable.
3. Islam as a key element.
17. 1971-1990-National Education Policy
The main objectives of educational policy are:
1. To fulfill development requirements;
2. To create social integration and national unity.
3. The task of nation-building would be difficult
without social and political stability.
18. THE BARNES REPORT
THE FENN-WU REPORT
THE RAZAK STATEMENT 1956
THE RAHMAN TALIB STATEMENT
1960 and EDUCATION ACT 1961
THE SMART SCHOOL
19. 1974-‘Look East Policy’
Barisan Nasional‟s Government under Tun Abdul
Razak was approaching China to get closer ties.
The improvement of relations with China made
the Chinese population in Malaysia feel secure
that they can visit China anytime without any
prejudice from the Malaysian Government
20. 1991-Five year National
Development Plans
Purpose
To ensure economic justice thereby improving people‟s
living standards after the 13th May 1969 incident
To eradicate the poor, restructuring of society and helping
the needy.
New approaches are taken in order to implement it:
1. A quality and lasting performance
2. Competition in International Markets
3. Vision 2020
4. Poverty Eradication
5. Restructuring of Society
21. 1986-Sukan Malaysia (SUKMA):
SUKMA is held once in two years and now from 2011
it is held once every year to strengthen the unity and
the relationship between the states.
Slogan: “Majulah Sukan Untuk Negara”
22. 1. Establish a united Malaysian nation
with a sense of common and shared
destiny.
2. create a psychologically liberated,
secure, and developed Malaysian
Society .
3. fostered and develop a mature
democratic society
4. Establish a fully moral and ethical
society.
5. Establish a matured, liberal and
tolerant society.
6. establish a scientific and progressive
society.
7 establish a fully caring society and a
caring culture.
8. Ensure an economically just society.
9. establish a prosperous society.
1991-Vision 2020
By:YAB Dato' Seri Dr
Mahathir Mohamad.
developing Malaysia
into an industrialised
country.
to create a Malaysian
nation that is united and
has similar
aspirations, integrate at
the territorial level and
between ethnics based
on equal rights and
justice‟.
9 Challenges
23. 2009-The 1 Malaysia Concept
By Dato' Sri Najib
Founded upon the principle of „People First,
Performance Now‟
To build a united and progressive Malaysian nation
in 21st century
Putting the welfare of the people as the
government‟s prime concern
Through this concept, we have 1
Malaysia clinic and grocery.
