3. Sentinel Site Surveillance Framework a spatially stratified, h ie r ar c h ic a l , r a n d o mized sampling framework Sentinel site (100 km 2 ) 16 Clusters (1 km 2 ) 10 Plots (1000 m 2 ) 4 Sub-Plots (100 m 2 )

5. Shrub biovolume by block & cluster UNEP-ICRAF West Africa Drylands Project

7. Small chambers will be used to measure the fluxes of N 2 O, CO 2 and CH 4 to generate default factors for N 2 O and to estimate the soil respiration flux under different land uses Trace Gas Measurements

9. Soil infrared spectroscopy labs FT-NIR Salien Tanzania Chitedze Malawi Sotuba Mali Maputo Mozambique ICRAF reference and support lab Nairobi Future locations FT-MIR VNIR

10. Local (site-level) C ref Digital mapping of soil carbon 10 km UNEP-ICRAF West Africa Drylands Project

11. Randomization of Sentinel Site locations stratified by climate A Globally Integrated African Soil Information Service A globally integrated, evidence-based, and dynamic soil health information service that provides management, planning and policy-relevant soil information for the non-desert portions of Sub-Saharan Africa .

12. eastern western Fort Tenan Remote Sensing

13. Eastern Sites

16. Western Sites

20. WWW Ground measures Local communities Remote measures Satellite – ground integration Analysis GEF (markets) TRFIC Technologies Carbon2Markets tools

23. Biophysical measurements Forest density and type mapping in Thailand

24. Leaf Area Index can be used as an Input to NPP-Carbon models

25. Hyper-rez tree crown detection

26. Detailed View ETM+ (4,3,2)

27. Detailed view VCF 30m

28. Region east of Kingaroy, north of Nanango

29. Zoom in at high resolution

30. Region east of Kingaroy, north of Nanango. Small blue dots are waypopints. White is non forest/trees. Carbon sequestration range: 4-8 tCO2e per ha per yr (light to dark)

35. Carbon Benefits Modeling, Measurement and Monitoring Application of the Tools from Component B

36. Forest Slashed Burning Agriculture, grass Agriculture, bare soil The tools can be used to measure changes in carbon associated with land use change

39. The tools can be used to assess ecosystem degradation in a quantitative way in landscapes and target interventions Forest degradation Erosion Soil fertility High grazing pressure

40. Best Practices Support on Where to plant – trees suitable for your area Which to plant – sources of tree seeds How to plant – good tree nursery practices What to plant – trees suitable for your purposes How to engage communities and scale up

41. The right tree for the right place 1. Trees for Products 2. Trees for Services fruit firewood medicine income sawnwood fodder soil fertility carbon sequestration soil erosion watershed protection shade biodiversity

42. The tools will help develop an assessment of the full GHG balance of different management systems Pine – coffee – banana system – Java Intensive poplar agroforestry system

43. Eventually expand measurement and monitoring to other types of projects - e.g. REDD, SFM