2. • Anodic Aluminum Oxide or AAO is a self-organized
material with honeycomb-like structure formed by high
density arrays of uniform and parallel nanopores.
• The diameter of the nanopores can be as low as 5
nanometers and as high as several hundred nanometers.
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3. • The porous nature of anodic alumina films has been
discovered in the 1930s and further elaborated in the
1950s-1970s.
• Processes for producing anodic aluminum oxide
membranes using chromic acid, sulfuric acid, oxalic
acid, or phosphoric acid appear in a patent attributed to
Alan W. Smith of the Boeing Company in 1974.
• Starting in the late 1980s, due to its uniform
nanostructure, AAO began to attract interest in the area
of nanotechnology.
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4. • Nanoporous AAO is formed by electrochemical
oxidation (anodization) of aluminum in liquid
electrolytes in the conditions that balance the growth
and the localized dissolution of aluminum oxide to form
arrays of nanopores.
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5. • AAO-based nanomaterials have a broad range
of applications, from nanoelectronics and
magnetic storage media to photonics and energy
conversion to nanoporous substrates and
nanotags for bioanalysis.
• Anodizing aluminum has been widely used
since early last century for corrosion protection
and as decorative coatings.
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6. • The number of AAO-related publications in this area increased
exponentially from 1990 to 2015, with over 90% of the papers
focused on use of AAO in nanotechnology, and continues to grow
rapidly.
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7. • Gerrard Eddy Jai Poinern , Nurshahidah Ali and Derek
Fawcett. 2011. Progress in Nano-Engineered Anodic
Aluminum Oxide Membrane Development. Materials ISSN
1996-1944.
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anodic_Aluminum_Oxide
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