1. THERMAL COMFORT IN CIPULIR MARKET
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
ARCHITECTURE
BY: SITI YAUMLIA SALSA (13.036)
2. Definition
Thermal comfort is the condition of mind that expresses satisfaction
with the thermal environment and is assessed by subjective evaluation
(ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55).Thermal environment is those
characteristics of the environment which affects a person's heat loss. In
terms of bodily sensations, thermal comfort is a sensation of hot,
warm, slightly warmer, neutral, slightly cooler, cool and cold.
3. FACTORS AFFECT HUMAN THERMAL COMFORT
Internationalstandard, iso 7730-1994 [2.8] states that there are six combination variables
which are believed to establish the human comfort condition, i.E.Air temperature, mean
radiant temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, man activity level, and clothing type.
A.Climatic parameters
1.Air temperature (oc)
2.Meant radiant temperature (mrt)
3.Relative humidity (%)
4.Air velocity (m/s)
B.Subjective parameters
5.Metabolic rate (met)
6.Clothing ensemble (clo)
4. Climatic Factors
• Air Temperature
This is the temperature of the air surrounding the body. It is usually given in
degrees Celsius (°C) or degrees Fahrenheit (°F).
• Radiant temperature
Thermal radiation is the heat that radiates from a warm object. Radiant heat
may be present if there are heat sources in an environment. Radiant
temperature has a greater influence than air temperature on how we lose or
gain heat to the environment. Our skin absorbs almost as much radiant energy
as a matt black object, although this may be reduced by wearing reflective
clothing. Examples of radiant heat sources include: the sun; fire; electric fires;
furnaces; steam rollers; ovens; walls in kilns; cookers; dryers; hot surfaces and
machinery, molten metals etc.
5. Climatic Factors
• Air Velocity
Air velocity is an important factor in thermal comfort because people
are sensitive to it Still or stagnant air in indoor environments that are
artificially heated may cause people to feel stuffy. It may also lead to a
build-up in odor Moving air in warm or humid conditions can increase
heat loss through convection without any change in air temperature.
Climatic Factors
6. Climatic Factors
• Relative Humidity
Relative Humidity If water is heated and it evaporates to the surrounding
environment, the resulting amount of water in the air will provide humidity.
Relative humidity is the ratio between the actual amount of water vapor in
the air and the maximum amount of water vapor that the air can hold at that
air temperature. Relative humidity between 40% and 70% does not have a
major impact on thermal comfort. in workplaces which are not air
conditioned, or where the climatic conditions outdoors may influence the
indoor thermal environment, relative humidity may be higher than 70% on
warm or hot humid days. High humidity environments have a lot of vapor in
the air, which prevents the evaporation of sweat from the skin. In hot
environments, humidity is important because less sweat evaporates when
humidity is high (80%+). The evaporation of sweat is the main method of
heat loss in humans.
7. Subjective factors
Clothing Insulation :
Personal factors: Clothing Insulation Clothing, by its very nature, interferes with our
ability to lose heat to the environment. Thermal comfort is very much dependent
on the insulating effect of clothing on the wearer. Clothing is both a potential cause
of thermal discomfort as well as a control for it as we adapt to the climate in which
we live and play.
• Metabolic Rate:
Metabolic Rate The work or metabolic rate, is essential for a thermal risk
assessment. It describes the heat that we produce inside our bodies as we carry
out physical activity. The more physical work we do, the more heat we produce.
The more heat we produce, the more heat needs to be lost so we don’t overheat.
The impact of metabolic rate on thermal comfort is critical. When considering these
factors, it is also essential to consider a person's own physical characteristics.
9. Cipulir wholesale market
Cipulir wholesale market is one of the wholesale market in Jakarta. This Cipulir markets such as Tanah
Abang market which sells a variety of apparel and textile products on a wholesale basis. Cipulir market is
located in south Jakarta, on Ciledug raya street , Cipulir. Market that has been established since 1989,
included a wholesale center in Jakarta. Many a reference sellers looking for merchandise wholesalers.
Buyers in the wholesale market Cipulir also varied, ranging from people around Jakarta and outside
Jakarta.
Cipulir market wholesale market is quite large and spacious enough. Cipulir market is also divided into
two parts, namely inpres market and ITC Cipulir mas. This division is done based on the establishment of
the market, namely the old market and newer markets, and it is definitely inpres market is a market that
has been established previously. At the inpres market, goods sold is a variety of apparel products or
clothing materials. The opening hours of this inpres market ranging from 05.00 until 15.00.
11. Measurement Detail
• Date and time :14 april 2015 on 2 pm - 3.30 pm (50 respondent)
15 april 2015 on 8 pm-9 pm (10 respondent)
16 april 2015 on 10am - 11am (20 respondent)
• Number of respondent: 80 person
