This document provides an overview of encoding and decoding processes. It defines encoding as converting information from a source into symbols to be communicated, while decoding is converting those symbols back into understandable information. The document discusses the history of encoding/decoding methods, provides an example of codes used by Mary Queen of Scots, and explains how encoding works. It also outlines the application of encoding/decoding models in media theory and cultural studies.

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2. Welcome!
 We wormly welcome the whole audience for being here to
listen us, and also for giving us this opportunity.
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Topic:

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Definition:
 Encoding
Encoding is the process by which information from a
source is converted into symbols to be communicated.
 Decoding
 Decoding is the reverse process, converting these code
symbols back into information understandable by a
receiver.

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History:
 This Method was firstly
discovered by Stuart Hall in
1973.
 As a founder of Birmingham
School of Cultural Studies, Hall
has had a major influence on
media studies.

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History(continue…)
A special type of code was used by Mary Queen of Scots
when she was plotting against Elizabeth the First. Mary
wanted to kill Elizabeth so that she herself could become
Queen of England and was sending coded messages of
this sort to her co-conspirator Anthony Babington.
Unfortunately for Mary, there is a very simple way of
cracking this code that doesn't involve trial and error,
but which does involve, surprise, surprise, math's.

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How it Work’s?

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Use:
For a message to be successfully "realized", "the
broadcasting structures must yield encoded messages in the
form of a meaningful discourse."[1] This means that the
message has to be adopted as a meaningful discourse and it
has to be meaningfully decoded. However, the
decoding/interpreting of a message requires active
recipients.

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Application Model:
This model has been adopted and applied by
many media theorists since Hall developed it.
Hall's work has been central to the development
of cultural studies, and continues today because
of the importance of decoding. Cultural
Studies started challenging the mainstream
media effects models in 1960

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References:
www.unicode.org
Unicode and .Net – what does .NET Provide?
http://www.developerfusion.co.uk/show/4710/3/
Hello Unicode, Goodbye ASCII
http://www.nicecleanexample.com/ViewArticle.aspx?TID=unicode_e
ncoding
The Absolute Minimum Every Software Developer Absolutely,
Positively Must Know About Unicode and Character Sets (No Excuses!)
http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/Unicode.html

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 CONVETING MORSE CODE
INTO ENGLISH
 Leonardo Da Vinci, Mona
Lisa
 INTO MORSE CODE
 ... .. -. -.-. --- -- .--. .-.. . -
. -... ..- - .--. .-.. . .- ... .
--. .. ...- . -- . .- .. -. -- .-
- .... ...

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Any Question?
Creator: Waqas Abbasi