PPT on Chapter 4 Biodiversity, Environmental Science common to all branches

1. Biodiversity and its conservation
Presentation By:
Prof. V. V. Nalawade
Civil Engineering
Department

2. Introduction – Definition : genetic, species and ecosystem diversity.
Biogeographical classification of India
Value of biodiversity : consumptive use, productive use,
social, ethical, aesthetic and option values
Biodiversity at global, National and local levels.
Inida as a mega-diversity nation
Hot-spots of biodiversity.
Threats to biodiversity : habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts.
Endangered and endemic species of India
Conservation of biodiversity : In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.

5. The variety of life on Earth, its biological diversity
is commonly referred to as biodiversity.

6. Definition
• Biological diversity deals with the
degree of nature’s variety in the
biosphere.
• This variety can be observed at three
levels;
the genetic variability within a species,
 the variety of species within a
community, and
the organization of species in an area
into distinctive plant and animal

10. Genetic
diversity

11. Why is Biodiversity Important?
• Biodiversity boosts ecosystem
productivity where each species, no matter
how small, all have an important role to play.
• For example,
A larger number of plant species means a greater
variety of crops
Greater species diversity ensures natural
sustainability for all life forms
Healthy ecosystems can better withstand and
recover from a variety of disasters.
And so, while we dominate this planet, we still
need to preserve the diversity in wildlife.

13. Ecosystem services, such as
• Protection of water resources
• Soils formation and protection
• Nutrient storage and recycling
• Pollution breakdown and absorption
• Contribution to climate stability
• Maintenance of ecosystems
• Recovery from unpredictable events

14. Biological resources, such as
• Food
• Medicinal resources and pharmaceutical drugs
• Wood products
• Ornamental plants
• Breeding stocks, population reservoirs
• Future resources
• Diversity in genes, species and ecosystems

15. Social benefits, such as
• Research, education and monitoring
• Recreation and tourism
• Cultural values

16. • The cost of replacing these (if possible)
would be extremely expensive. It therefore
makes economic and development sense to
move towards sustainability.

17. Why is biodiversity so important
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
GK_vRtHJZu4

20. Biogeographical Classification of
India
• Tropical , Eurasian and Indo Malayan
biogeographic realms
• The trans Himalayan mountains
• Indo-Gangetic Plain
• The Peninsula

21. India as a MEGA-DIVERSITY
Nation
• 8.6% Wild Plant and Animal Species
• Modification, degradation and habitat
losses
• Industrialization, Urban Housing
projects, rail road etc.,

22. HOT SPOTS of Biodiversity
• Eastern Himalayas
• Western Ghats

23. What kind of world do we want?
IUCN extinction crisis video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
yo51Re1JO4U&t=185s

24. CASE STUDIES
What we can Do

25. Wildlife crossings stop road kill. Why
aren't there more?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
ND0D3bVbM7Y

26. Eden Project in Cornwall UK to learn
more about biodiversity and find out
ways you can help the natural world.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
TfKQSXQ7DAM

27. Earth is Our Home—Let's Protect It |
National Geographic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
ymarrXoi0ZM