This document discusses motive power sources and hoisting mechanisms for cranes. It describes various motive power sources including electric, internal combustion, hydraulic, and manual drives. For manual drives, it discusses lever and wheel operations placed at ground level or elevated. It also summarizes electrically-driven and manually-driven hoisting mechanisms. The electrically-driven mechanism typically uses an electric motor connected to a gear reducer and hoisting drum. The manually-driven mechanism uses gearing and levers or wheels to reduce effort and raise loads. Mathematical equations are provided for calculating torque requirements, speed ratios, and other parameters for hoisting mechanism design and analysis.

1. Chapter 5 1
KYÕ THUAÄT NAÂNG –VAÄN CHUYEÅN
CHÖÔNG 5
CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG
(MOTIVEPOWER OF HOISTING MACHINERY)

2. Chapter 5 2
1. DAÃN ÑOÄNG MAÙY TRUÏC
( motive powerof hoisting machinery)
Daãn ñoäng maùy truïc
Daãn ñoäng tay Daãn ñoäng maùy
Ñoäng cô ñieän Ñoäng cô ñoát trong Ñoäng cô thuûy löïc
Ñoäng cô khí neùn
Ñoäng cô moät chieàu
Ñoäng cô xoay chieàu
Ñoäng cô xaêng
Ñoäng cô diezen

3. Chapter 5 3
1. DAÃN ÑOÄNG MAÙY TRUÏC(tt)
a) Ñoäng cô ñieän (The electric drive)
 Ñoäng cô ñieän 1 chieàu (a):kích thích
song song , noái tieáp, hoãn hôïp
=> coù khaû naêng ñieàu khieån cao
nhöng giaù thaønh lôùn.
(D.cmotor areprovided in three standard
types by the way they are excited. These
are the seriesmotor, shuntmotor, and
compoundmotor)

4. Chapter 5 4
 Ñoäng cô ñieän xoay chieàu (b): coùkích thöôùc goïn, giaù thaønh thaáp.
 Loàngsoùc:môû maùybaèng noáisao,tamgiaùc (reû hôn) (5).
 Daâycuoán:môû maùybaèngñieän trôûphu(4)ï.
(Distinction is made between squirrel-cage(5)and wound-rotora.c.(4)crane motor
-Thefact that the speed- torque characteristic of the squirrel- case motor is flat as that as of
the shunt motor in handling rated loads indicated that the speedchanges butlittle with
load. Squirrel- case motors arethe most reliable and inexpensive a.cprime mover.
-Wound motors are somewhat heavierand largerthan squirrel- case ones. At the same
time, the losses of energyin windings during the transient periods aresmaller in the
former than in later)
1. DAÃN ÑOÄNGMAÙY TRUÏC (tt)
a) Ñoäng cô ñieän (The electric drive)

5. Chapter 5 5
1. DAÃN ÑOÄNG MAÙYTRUÏC (tt)
b) Ñoäng cô ñoát trong
( internalcombustion device)
 Ñoäng cô xaêng (petrolengine)
 Ñoäng cô ñiezen.(diezelengine)
=> Maùy coù phaïm vihoaït ñoänglôùn.

6. Chapter 5 6
1. DAÃN ÑOÄNGMAÙY TRUÏC (tt)
c) Ñoäng cô thuûy löïc
( The hydraulic device)
 Chopheùp thay ñoåi taàn soá deã daøng;Cho coâng suaát lôùnvôùi kích thöôùc
nhoû; Laøm vieäceâm
Hydraulicderive providing motivepowerforvariousonhoisting installationsarebeing increasinglyusednowadays
due tothe followingadvantages:
1. Perfectoverload-absorbingpotentialitypermittingthe transmissionofhigh torquesbydriveof comparatively
small size andlow mass.
2. Stepless speed controlover a widerange
3. Possibilityofagradualreversing alongwithfrequentandquickspeedchanges.
4. Automaticsafeguardingofthe machineandhydraulicdrive againstoverloading.
5. Remotecontrolofthemachine,automationandmechanizationofthe processbysimple means.
6. Lowmomentofinertia ofrotatingmechanicalcomponentsin spiteofhigh ratesofaccelerationandretardation
7. Possibilityoffeeding energy tomorethanonemotionsimultaneously
8. Stableperformanceirrespectively ofspeed.
9. High resistanceofconstituentcomponentwear

7. Chapter 5 7
2. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG TAY
(handdrive hoisting mechanism)
 Goàm hailoaïi.
 Ñaët treân maët ñaát:tay quay.

8. Chapter 5 8
 Ñaët treân cao: ñóa xíchvaø
xíchkeùo.
2. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG TAY
(handdrive hoisting mechanism)

9. Chapter 5 9
2. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG TAY
(handdrive hoisting mechanism)

10. Chapter 5 10
2. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG
BAÈNG TAY(tt)
a
DQ
Mtg
.2
.

m.l.P.Mlab 
m 1 2 3-4
 1 0,8 0,7
Thehoisting mechanismconsist of a drumspooling a ropesuspended
from which a load which a weigh Gload,, a gearreduction which an aggregate
speed ratio i, and a means of actuating the drive in the form of a leveror
operating sheaveto which a form P is applied
-Let the radius ofthe leverorthat ofoperating sheave be land the form exerted
by a laborerP. then torque applied is
Where m is the number of laborers and  is a factor allowing for a
non-uniform application of
the force when more than onelaborer
When the drive is used on the traveling motion the resistance moment onthe
track wheel axle is

11. Chapter 5 11
 The speed ratio of the gear train between the input and
output shafts of the mechanism can be determined from
.M
M
i
lab
tg

Where  is the efficiency of the gear train
 Ñaëc ñieåm tính toaùn thieát keá:
Thieát keá boä truyeàn chopheùp naângvaätvôùi löïctay quay ñaõ xaùc
ñònh ( tính tæ soá truyeàn theo ñieàu kieänlöïc)
2. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG TAY
(handdrive hoisting mechanism)

12. Chapter 5 12
 Caùchtính tôøi quay tay:
Cho : Q, M
Tính :boä truyeàn.
1. Choïn (caùp) loaïi daây: caùp, xích .
2. Sô ñoà maéccaùp => palaêng , a.
3. Smax -> Sñöùt.
4. Tính vaø choïn daây.
5. Tính caùc chi tieát.
6. Mtg ?
7. Mp ?
8. i ? => hoäp giaûm toác.
9. Phanh (Mf ≥ k.Mx ).
2. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG TAY
(handdrive hoisting mechanism)

13. Chapter 5 13
2. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG TAY
(handdrive hoisting mechanism)

14. Chapter 5 14
a. Sô ñoà cô caáu.
Ñaëc ñieåm caáu taïo:
1. Hoäp giaûm
toác
2. Phanh
3. Khôùp noái
4. Ñoäng cô
5. Tang
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN (
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)
Schematic diagram
of an electrically-
driven hoisting
mechanism
•-In use arenumberof typical arrangements for connecting the
hoisting drum with the reducer

15. Chapter 5 15
 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi hoäp
giaûm toác:
a. Khôùp raêngdaøi: cho pheùp leäch truïc,
deã laép, kích thöôùc lôùn.
- The hoisting drum independently supported by two bearing is connectedto the reducer
through a coupling. Since the drum bearings areindependent of the reducerhousing, a shaft
misalignment is likely to occurduring assembly. The possible misalignment can becorrected by
using a coupling of the adequate type, e.g,the tooth coupling tolerating considerable shaft
misalignment
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN (
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

16. Chapter 5 16
 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi hoäp giaûm toác:
b. Truïc 2 oå ñôõ: kích thöôùc nhoû, naëng=>
khoâng cho pheùp laép rieâng => ít duøng.
More compact arethe drives in which two or three bearing areuse support the hoisting
drum shaft which function as the reduceroutput shaft at the same time
-Unfortunately, a two bearing shaft is rather heavy and, further more, any
inaccuracy in positioning a shaft bearing interferes with the meshing ofreduction gears
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN (
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

17. Chapter 5 17
 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi hoäp giaûm toác:
c. Truïc 3 oå ñôõ: ñoøi hoûi laép raùp chính xaùc =>
khoâng cho pheùp laép rieâng => ít duøng.
-A triple- supported shaft is even morevulnerable to such inaccuracies.
-In eithercase the reducercannot befitted and run in separately from the drum,
preventing thus the use ofstandard parts. Consequently, thetwoarrangementshavefailedto
spread
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

18. Chapter 5 18
 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùi hoäp giaûm toác:
d. Baùnhraêng hôû laép treân truïc tang.
e. Baùnh raêng hôû laép treân vaønh tang: chæ uoán. => duøng
trong quay tay.
In some arrangements the torqueis to the drum through an
unguarded single geartrain. The gear is securedeither to the drum
shaft (d) orto drum directly (e), then shaft is subject to a bending load
only
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

19. Chapter 5 19
 Sô ñoà noái ñaàu tang vôùihoäp giaûm
toác:
f. OÅtöïa truïc tang ñaët vaøo ñaàu ra hoäp giaûm
toác => kích thöôùc goïn => laø phöông aùn hôïp
lyù nhaát.
Promising is an arrangement where one of the drum shaft bearing is located inside the
reduceroutput shaft extension (f). It is compact, provides for designing the shafts as statically
determinate, and enables the use of standard unit
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

20. Chapter 5 20
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃNÑOÄNG
BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(tt)

21. Chapter 5 21
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

22. Chapter 5 22
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

23. Chapter 5 23
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

24. Chapter 5 24
 Löu yù caùcthoâng soátính toaùn trongcô caáu naâng.
 Coâng suaát ñoäng cô:
=> N=KW
Nñc ≥N1 + CÑ% chotröôùc => Nñc , nñc , CÑ%.
 Tæ soá truyeàn:
m/ph:Vkg;:Q
)kw(
.102
V.Q
N n
1


n
g
ñc
tg
dc
va
D
n
n
n
i
.
.
.
1

g1
g1
g1
n
tg
D.
v
D.
v.a
n


3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

25. Chapter 5 25
 Trình töï tính toaùn côcaáunaângdao ñoäng baèng ñieän.
Cho :Q, H, Vn , CD%.
Tính :ñaëc ñieåm laø ñaûm baûo vaän toác
=> trình töï:
 Böôùc 1  böôùc 5: gioáng vôùi caùc böôùc tính toùan cô caáu naâng daãn ñoäng
baèng tay
 Böôùc 6 : Ñoäng cô: => Nñc
 Böôùc 7 : Hoäp giaûm toác
 Böôùc 8 : Phanh
CD%;(m/ph)v;(kg)Q:Vôùi
)kw(
.102
V.Q
N n
r


tg
dc
n
n
i 
tg
dc
n
n
i 
kMM f
t
f .
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

26. Chapter 5 26
 Quùa trình môû maùy trong cô caáunaâng.
Haï:(-)Naâng:)(
 21 ddtdtm MMMMMM
...2
.
ia
DQ
M
tg
t 
m
n
phu
t.60
v
.
g
Q
j.mQ  ïQmaùyMôû* phu
.i.a.2
D.Q
M
tgphu
d1

i.a
n.D.
v
i
n
n
a
n.D.
a
v
v
dctg
n
dc
tg
tgtgtg
n 










(giaây)t;ây)(voøng/gian;(m)D mñctg
.t.i.a.375
n.D.Q
M
m
22
dc
2
tg
d1

3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

27. Chapter 5 27
m
dc
m
i
1
2
iii
t.60
n.2
t
mJ

  vaøvôùi
....MMMM 1/31/21d2

m
iI
2
ii
iii1
tg.4
)D.G(
JMM



  
m
dcIii
d
t
nDG
MkM
.375
.).(
).2,11,1(.
2
12

m
dcIii
i
t
nDG
M
.375
.).( 2

3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

28. Chapter 5 28
 Quaù trình phanh trong côcaáu naâng.
 Quaù trình phanh vaät ñang haï töông öùng ngöôïc laïi vôùi quaù trình
môû maùy khi naâng.
 Môû maùytaïo gia toác töông ñöông trong quaù trình phanhtaïo gia
toác aâm.
 Hieäu suaát maát maùt  => tham gia quaù trình phanh => laøm Mf 
=>  ôû töû soá.
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

29. Chapter 5 29
 Vaäy:
 Chuùyù:
Coâng thöùc vieát cho tröôøng hôïp phanh ñaët taïi truïc I ( ñoäng cô),
neáu phanh ñaët ôû truïc khaùc thì phaûi thay trò soá töông öùng vaøo
choå cuûa nñc vaø i.
p
dcI
ì
ii*
dc
t.375
n.)D.G(
.kM

p
22
dc
2
*
d
t.i.a.375
.n.D.Q
M 1


vaätnaângKhi:(-)vaäthaïKhi:)(
 *
d
*
d
*
t
*
dt
*
f 21
MMMMMM
ia
DQ
Mt
..2
..* 

3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃNÑOÄNG
BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(tt)

30. Chapter 5 30
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃNÑOÄNG
BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(tt)

31. Chapter 5 31
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

32. Chapter 5 32
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN (
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

33. Chapter 5 33
3. CÔ CAÁU NAÂNG DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÈNG ÑIEÄN(
electrically-drivenhoisting mechanism)

34. Chapter 5 34

35. Chapter 5 35
 ANY QUESTIONS ?
 ………..
 THANK YOU