In this we can able to know about the capacitor and its types and its working principle and their uses.

1. CAPACITOR
AND ITS
TYPES

2. INTRODUCTION TO
CAPACITOR
Capacitor was invented by Ewald Georg Von Kleist
Capacitor is a passive two terminal electrical component
that stores potential energy in an electric field.
 The effect of capacitor is known as capacitence.
 While some capacitance exists between any two electrical
conductors is proximity in a circuit.
Capacitor is designed to add capacitance to the circuit.
 Capacitor was originally known as condenser or
compensator.

3. CONSTRUCTION DIAGRAM OF
CAPACITOR
A capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by a
dielectric medium.

4. ELECTRONIC SYMBOLS OF
CAPACITOR
FIXED
CAPACITOR
POLARISED
CAPACITOR
VARIABLE
CAPACITOR

5. HISTORY OF
CAPACITOR

6. In October 1745 Ewald George Von Kleist of
Powerania,Germany found that charge could be stored by
connecting a high voltage.
Electrostatic Generator by a wire to a volume of water in a
hand held glass jar.
 The water acted as conductors
And the jar as dielectric mechanism

7. THEORY OF
OPERATION

8. A simple demonstration capacitor made of two parallel
metal plates, using an air gap as the dielectric.

9.  A capacitor consists of two conductors separated by a non-
conductive region.
 The non-conductive region can either be a vacuum or an electrical
insulator material known as a dielectric
 Examples of dielectric media are:-
1. Glass
2. Air
3. Paper
4. Ceramic

10. CHARACTERISTICS OF
CAPACITOR
It blocks flow of DC and permits AC
It is used for coupling two devices
It bypasses the unwanted frequencies
It feeds the desired signal to any section
It is used for phase shifting, filtering, motor starter.
It is used to get tuned frequency.

11. DIFFERENT TYPES OF
CAPACITORS

12. TYPES OF
CAPACITORS
PAPER CAPACITOR
CERAMIC CAPACITOR
MICA CAPACITOR
PLASTIC FILM CAPACITOR
ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR

13. PAPER CAPACITOR

14. Paper capacitors are made of paper or oil-impregnated paper and
aluminum foil layers rolled into a cylinder and sealed with wax.
These capacitors were commonly used but are now replaced by
the plastic or polymer type of capacitors.
The paper capacitors are bulky, highly hygroscopic and soaks
moisture which causes loss to the dielectric degrading its overall
performance is the major drawback with type of capacitors.

15. CERAMIC
CAPACITOR

16. Ceramic capacitors are also known as disc capacitors,they are
generally made by coating two sides of a small porcelain or
ceramic disc with silver and then stacked together to make a
capacitor.
For very low capacitance values, a single ceramic disc of about 3-
6mm is used.
Ceramic capacitors have a high dielectric constant and are
available so that relatively high capacitances can be obtained in
a small physical size.

17. MICA
CAPACITOR

18. The mica capacitor uses mica as the dielectric medium.
Mica is inert in nature and hence the physical and chemical
properties do not change as it ages.
It provides good temperature stability and resistance to corona
discharge that is electrical discharges due to ionization around
conductor.
However, the cost is very high due to improper sealing the
capacitor is highly prone to moisture which increases the power
factor

19. CONSTRUCTION OF
MICA CAPACITOR

20. PLASTIC FILM
CAPACITOR

21. These use polystyrene, polycarbonate or Teflon as their dielectrics
are sometimes called plastic capacitors.
The construction of plastic film capacitors is similar to that for
paper film capacitors but use a plastic film instead of paper
The main advantage of plastic film capacitors compared to
impregnated paper types is that they operate well under
conditions of high temperatures, have smaller tolerances, a very
long service life and high reliability

22. ELECTROLYTIC
CAPACITOR

23. Electrolytic Capacitors are generally used when very large
capacitance values are required.
Here instead of using a very thin metallic film layer for one of
the electrodes a semi-liquid electrolyte solution in the form of a
jelly or paste is used which serves as the second electrode

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