2. 2
Name: Upasna Goswami
Roll no. 24
Enrollment no. 4069206420220021
Sem : 1
Paper Name : Literature of the Neo-classical Periode
Paper no. : 102
Paper Code : 22393
Submitted to : S. B. Gardi Department of English
Email : goswamiupasna339@gmail.com
3. 3
We are born and our fate is decided by various
factors, with none of these factors in our control.
Our parents and family shape us in the way they
want, the society shapes us in the way it wants;
we cannot decide what they will do with us, it
is up to fate to decide who we will grow up and
how.
Introduction
4. 4
social life there are always rules, norms and values
that organize the behavior or patterns of society. Yet
some members of society cannot fulfill the rights
and responsibilities in accordance with the norms and
rules. Unequal rights and obligations in social life is the
reason why there are social classes in sosociety
According to wellek in his book said that “Social class are
Individual and groups of individuals conceived of as
constituting higher and lower differentiated starata in
terms of specific or generalized characteristics or set
characteristics.”
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For a woman in England 18thcentury , the social rank will be determined
by her husband. When married, a woman will inherit her husband's
social caste; Before marriage, the father's social status determines his
daughter's class. Because a woman's social status is decided by her
husband, a woman aged 18 in the 18th Century has no qualms
about marrying a man from a higher class. The only consequence for
the woman is the increased of social status. A married woman from the
upper class has four responsibilities in life.
6. Discussion
The story of Pamela is closely related to the phenomena
which happened in England in the 18th century. It does
not refer directly to reality but it would be a mirror of
reality. It depicts the social phenomena in England.
Throughout the story, Richardson showshow the lower
class survive in the situation of such tyranny. The setting
in the novel depicts the social condition of England in
the 18thcentury. Richardson connects his novel with
its social, political and ideological context. It is
undeniable that the author can be inspired by social
reality of life.
7. In the character of Mr.B, it can be seen that
he tries to change pamela affection with his
social status. Basically, he has a desire to to
spoil pamela with his wealth. Although
healready become a successful squire, he
thinks that money and power is not enough
for his successful. He needs Pamela to prove
his social status in the society. In the
conversation with his mother, he clearly
describes his feeling.
8. 👉 Don’t doubt me, Pamela. From this Moment, I will no more
consider you as my Servant . . . I, in spite of my Heart, and all the
Pride of it, cannot but love you.”
At this moment in the novel, Mr. B attempts to separate him and
Pamela from their class distinctions. Though admitting the
division between them, he contends to no longer treat her as a
servant or inferior, but rather an equal whom he can love. In
doing so, he is boldly dismissing all he has known and all his
society views regarding class structure
⭐Hear some Oxford world's classics
edition of” Pamela”
9. 9
“You have taught me to forget myself, and what belongs to me, and
have lessen’d the Distance that Fortune has made between us, by
demeaning yourself, to be so free to a poor Servant.”
The idea that one must stay in the class he or she was born into was a
long held belief. Many believed that their birth class was determined
by Fortune or Providence, which is part of the reason it remained a
part of peoples’ ideologies and why there was so much resistance
toward change. In this passage, Pamela points to Mr. B’s actions that
hold him accountable for contributing to the deconstruction of class
structure—as a character in the novel and a well known character in
Richardson’s actual society.
10. 1. Castes are found in Indian sub-continent only, especially in
India, while classes are found almost everywhere. Classes
are especially the characteristic of industrial societies of
Europe and America. According to Dumont and Leach, caste
is a unique phenomenon found only in India.
2. Classes depend mainly on economic differences between
groupings of individuals—inequalities in possession and
control of material resources—whereas in caste system non-
economic factors such as influence of religion [theory of
karma, rebirth and ritual (purity-pollution)] are most
important.
Caste system is characterised by ‘cumulative inequality’ but
class system is characterised by ‘dispersed inequality.’
4.Caste system is an organic system but class has a
segmentary character where various segments are
motivated by competition (Leach, 1960).
11. Conclusion
class were strongly addressed in 18thcentury England.
Traditional beliefs held that people who were born of a
higher class deserved better treatment and opportunities than
people who were born of a lower class. During this Age of
Reason, many began to question these long-standing beliefs
and consider people as people and not only the class in which
they are born. Through the characters in the story, Richardson
attempts to explain how the social class takes an
important role in society. He uses Pamela as a medium of
expression to expose injustice and social discrimination
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● Nugroho, Dwi Adi. "The Social Classes and
Reflection of 18th Century Life in Novel
Pamela." ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary
Studies in Humanities 1.3 (2018): 375-380.
● Curtis, D. M. (2007, December 6). Class
structure and social status .
studylib.net. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from
https://studylib.net/doc/15059599/class-
structure-and-social-status%C2%A0
Cited works:
13. उपर सिर पर कनक छत्र , भीतर काले क
े काले
शरमाते ही नहीींजगत में जाती पूछने वाले।
Thank you
