surveying

1. ece
• Topics
• Definition of Surveying
• Aims & applications
• Fundamental principles of surveying
• Classification of surveying
• Plans & Elevations
• Scales
• UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS

28. PLANE TABLE SURVEYING

29. THEODOLITE
DUMPY LEVEL

30. TOTAL STATION

36.  Classification based on methods
1.Triangulation :
. Triangulation is a method of surveying. When the
area to be surveyed is large. The entire area is
divided in to a network of Triangles.
2.Traversing:A traverse is a circuit of lines. It may be
opened or closed. When the linear measurements
are done with a chain or tape and the directions
or horizontal angles are measured with a compass
or a theodolite respectively the survey is called
Traversing

37. TRIANGULATION

38. OPEN TRAVERSE
TRAVERSING

39.  Classification based on Purposes
1.Geological Survey.
2.Mine survey
3.Archeological survey
4.Military survey

40. MINE SURVEYING ARCHEOLOGICAL SURVEY

41.  Classification based on Nature of field
1.Land survey.
2.Hydrographic survey
3.Astronomic survey
4.Aerial survey