ss

1. Support and
movement.
2ND YEAR (CHAPTER 16)

2. Support in plants
• Turgor pressure
• Lignifies walls
• Bundle cap
• Large Vacuole
• Sclerenchyma and
collenchyma tissues

3. Sclerenchyma
tissue
• Fibers
• Sclerieds
• Vessels

4. Collenchyma tissue
Provides support in young plants

5. Secondary growth
• Vascular cambium
• Cork cambium

6. Sap wood
heart wood

7. Callus formation
Wound healing in plants with the formation of
parenchyma cells

8. Autonomic Movement
( spontaneous movement due to internal causes )
Tactic movement
• Photo tactic
• Chemotactic
Turgor movement
• Sleep movement
• Rapid movement of leaflets
Growth movement
• Epinasty
• Hyponasty
• Nutation

9. Turgor movement
Sleep movement in bean plant
Rapid movement in leaflets

10. paratonic Movement
(movement due to external causes )
Tropic movement
• Phototropism
• Chemotropism
• Geotropism
• Hydrotropism
• thigmotropism
• Chemotactic
Nastic movement • Nyctinasty ( photonasty and thermonasty)
• Hyponastic movement

13. Venus fly trap. Showing haptonastic
movement

14. Support and movement
in animals.
Types
• Hydrostatic skeleton
• Exoskeleton
• Endoskeleton

15. Hydrostatic
skeleton
• Sea anemone
• Earthworm

16. Exoskeleton
of insects and molluscs

17. Ecdysis or moulting

18. Endoskeleton
Human skeleton
(endoskeleton )

19. Axial skeleton

20. Skull

21. Anterior view of skull

22. Vertebral
column
1. Cervical
2. Thoracic
3. Lumber
4. Pelvic

23. Ribcage
12 pairs of ribs
Last 2 pairs are called floating ribs

24. Appendicular skeleton
• Pectoral girdle ( fore
limbs )
• Pelvic girdle (hind
limbs)

25. Clavicle
Scapula
Supra scapula

26. Forelimb

27. Pelvic girdle

28. Hind limb

29. Foot