grammar

1. I has been working for hours yet
I don’t feel tired at all.
a. conjunction
b. relative pronoun
c. verbs
d. adjective

2. It is important for you master
English well
for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
a. verbs
b. relative pronoun
c. conjunction
d. adjective

3. “A friend is someone who
knowsall about you and
still loves you.”
Elbert Hubbard

4. Relative Pronoun
who & whom
which & that
whose
where
of which

5. WHO - SUBJECTOF THE CLAUSE
The woman who called you ishere.
The US president who lived in
Indonesia was Barac Obama.
The woman ishere. S
he called you.
The us president who was lived in
Indonesia is Obama

6. WHOM - OBJECTOF THE CLAUSE
The woman (whom) you called ishere.
The woman ishere. You called her.
Option: You canomit the object pronoun.
JokowicometoLampungwithErictohir
WithwhompresidentcometoLampung

7. THAT / WHICH - SUBJECT OF THE
CLAUSE
The phone that is red is here.
The phone is here. It is red.
The phonewhich is red is here.
The phone is here. It is red.
OPTION: "That" can also refer to a
person; "which" cannot.

8. THAT/ WHICH - OBJECT OF THE CLAUSE
The phone (that) you bought is here.
The phone is here. You bought it.
The phone (which) you bought is here.
The phone is here. You bought it.
Option: You can omit the object pronoun.

9. ERRORS
The telephone is here that is yours.
The man which you are talking
about isn't a friend.
Common Mistakes

10. FIXES
The phone that isyours ishere.
Thepronoun must be next to the word it modifies.
The man that / whom you are talking
about isn't a friend.
"Which"cannot refer to a person.Use"that".

11. Omitting an Object Pronoun
CANNOT OMIT - SUBJECT PRONOUN
OF CLAUSE
The woman who called you
(She called you.)
is here.
The phone that is red
(It is red.)
is here.
The phone which is red is here.

12. Omitting an Object Pronoun
CAN OMIT - OBJECT PRONOUN OF
CLAUSE
The woman [whom] you called
(You called her.)
is here.
The
telephone
[that] you bought is here.
The
telephone
[which] you bought is here.

13. Relative pronoun ‘that’ who,
which
• This is the hardest problem that I have ever had to
face.
• This is the second car that broke down.
everybody, everyone, anyone, anybody,
someone, somebody, nobody, no one, all, none, any,
some, little, much, few, everything, anything,
something, nothing, only, very, it is
• Everything that I do seems to be wrong.
• This is the only example that I can give you.

14. Who
The man who speakswell ismy brother.
=The man is my brother. He speaks well.
Whom
He isone of the men whom I feel I can trust.
=He isthe one of the men. I feel I can trust him.
Whose
He isthe man whoseword isasgood ashisaction.
=He is the man. His word is as good as his action.

15. all , any ,
noun
only
The cleverest man that speakswell is
my brother.
=The cleverest man ismy brother.
He speaks well .
All books that are mine are on the table.
=All books that are on the table are mine.
That

16. ,
The dog which waslost has been found.
=The dog hasbeen found. It was lost.
The book (which) I read was very interesting.
=The book was very interesting. I read it.
The cat of which the fur isbeautiful isin your
house.
=The cat isin your house. Its fur is beautiful.
Which

17. ( )
London which is an interesting city is on
the Thames.
London is on the Thames. It isan
interesting city .
Where
London where John lives is on the Thames
London is on the Thames. John lives in it .
Which

18. 1.The man …(
…
w
…
h…
om
……
) … you want to speak
to has just left.
2. Your father ,
…
(
w
…
h
…
o
…
m
…
) you look like , was a great
friend of mine.
3.The little boy …
w
…
h
…
o…….brings the milk
hasn’t been for these days.
4.Take nothing ……
th
…
a
…
t ……… is not necessary.

19. 5.A doctor …
w…
h…
os
.e
... patients trust him has great
responsibility.
6.This is the hardest problem…t
…
h…
at…… I have
ever had to face.
7.These are all …
th
…a
…
t.. we have in stock at
present. 9.Any man ……
th
..
a
.t
..... listens to you is a
fool.
10.Any paper …
th
…
a…
t … you read will give the same
story.

20. 11.Such a m
a
n
…
w
…
h
…
o
m
.
.you like is not a good one.
12.That is not the same book w
…h
…i…
ch
. I read
yesterday.
13.She is the prettiest girl …
t
…
h
a
…
t
.I have ever loved.
14.The teacher in the next class ,w
…
h
…
o
…
s
e
.
.name I can
never remember , is very kind.
15. The girl …
(
w
…
h
…
o
…
m
.
.
)you are talking about left here.
16.He is the man …
(
w
…
h
…
o
…
m
.
.
)we think you mentioned.

21. Relative Pronouns
Refer back to a noun or pronoun
Mentioned before
My sister who is from Chicago visited me last weekend.
My sister, who is from Chicago, visited me last weekend.