3. Laboratory safety
Measures to protect against laboratory accidents include safety training
and enforcement of laboratory safety policies, safety review of
experimental designs, the use of personal protective equipment, and the
use of the buddy system for particularly risky operations.
What is lab safety and why is it important?
1
-
المختبرات حوادث من الحماية تدابير تشمل
2
-
المختبرية السالمة سياسات وتنفيذ السالمة على التدريب
3
-
الشخصية الحماية معدات واستخدام التجريبية التصاميم سالمة مراجعة
4
-
خاص بشكل الخطرة للعمليات الجماعي العمل نظام استخدام
الجامعية المختبرات
...
الصناعات وقطاع المعامل
...
البحثية المراكز
...
التحاليل ومراكز المستشفيات
4. Basic Safety Rules
•Know locations of laboratory safety showers, eyewash stations, and fire extinguishers
and First Aid Kit
•Know emergency exit routes.
•Avoid skin and eye contact with all chemicals.
•Minimize all chemical exposures.
•No horseplay will be tolerated.
•Assume that all chemicals of unknown toxicity are highly toxic
Information for All Users
Faculty/Researchers/Staff/Students/Volunteers
5. (GHS)
The United Nations’ Globally Harmonised System on the classification and
labelling of chemicals (GHS) is used across all European Union countries.
GHS provides a basis for communicating information on chemical hazards
in a uniform way, utilising a common system of chemical labelling,
classifications and terminology.
Hazard Classification
المخاطر تصنيف
Chemical agents are classified into various hazard classifications in
accordance with their physiochemical properties, their health hazards
and environment effects. Identifying and addressing the risks posed by
the hazard classification which is the key to use them safely.
See Figure 1 below for details of the classification system.
9. The Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS) is a hazard rating system that
uses color bar labels to identify and provide information about chemical hazards
A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a document that contains information on
the potential hazards (health, fire, reactivity and environmental) and how to work
safely with the chemical product. ... The MSDS contains much more information
about the material than the label.
10. Which products need a UN Number?
You will require a UN number if you’re shipping dangerous goods, meaning goods
with a hazardous component (e.g. certain types of batteries or flammable liquids).
12. مصطلحات
مهمة
Globally Harmonised System (GHS) اًيعالم المتوافق النظام
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) الحماية معدات
الشخصي
Environmental Health and Safety (EH&S) البيئية والسالمة الصحة
Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS) المواد تحديد نظام
الخطرة
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) السالمة بيانات صحيفة
13. EH&S
Environmental Health and Safety
والسالمة الصحة
البيئية
1) Food in the Laboratory
Food must be kept outside the laboratory In the case of an emergency where
an individual may need food or water, they should be removed from the lab if
possible. However, if this is not possible, then unopened/sealed food should
be used to help ensure they do not have contaminated.
2) Individuals with Special Needs and/or Medical Conditions
Individuals with special needs and/or medical conditions should be
accommodated so long as it can be done safely. Most instructional and
research labs are equipped with wheel chair accessible stations
Important rules you should know:
14. 3) General Chemical Storage
The four main storage groups that chemicals need to be separated
into are flammables, corrosives, toxics, and reactive. Chemicals
should be stored in the laboratory in such a way that minimizes the
likelihood of dangerous interactions with other chemical agents .
16. An individual chemical’s Safety Data Sheet must be consulted before it is stored to obtain
information on its incompatibles. The web is also a good source on information in this
regard. Like downloading Chemical Reactivity Worksheet (CRW) software: this programme
allows a user to input different chemicals into a reactivity matrix and it will predict the
type of reaction that may be generated.
فردية كيميائية مادة بكل الخاصة السالمة بيانات صحيفة إلى الرجوع يجب
تخزينها قبل
على للحصول
معها المتوافقة غير المواد عن معلومات
.
هذا في للمعلومات ًادجي اًمصدر اًضأي الويب يعد
الصدد
,
مثال
تحميل
برنامج CRW
حيث
ب يتنبأ وسوف تفاعلية مصفوفة في مختلفة كيميائية مواد بإدخال للمستخدم البرنامج هذا يسمح
نوع
قد الذي التفاعل
يتولد
17.
18.
19. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
1) Protective Equipment (PPE) is essential to safety in a lab
environment
for assuring that all persons in the lab are appropriately
attired.
At a minimum, students must wear closed toed shoes*, long
pants*, and safety glasses or goggles* at all times when in
labs. In many cases, additional safety attire such as gloves*
and lab coats* will be required.
Gloves depend on the nature of the
work. It is forbidden to use goggles with
direct ventilation.
الشخصية الحماية معدات
20.
21.
22. In any case where “bench work” is being performed working with
hazardous chemicals or materials, potentially dangerous biological
agents, or dangerous equipment, lab coats and/or gloves and other
appropriate protective equipment is required. Instructors may
enforce this rule by penalty such as giving a grade of “zero” for a lab
in which students that do not follow these guidelines
25. 09/02/2022
While the major spills includes:
1) Acid/Bases
Handling of acid/base spills should use the appropriate kit to neutralize and absorb the
inorganic acids and bases. Acids can be neutralized with soda ash or sodium bicarbonate
Specialist spill kits containing alkali agents may be required when working with some
corrosives, e.g. hydrofluoric acid )
Soda ash light sodium carbonate
Soda Ash Light or Sodium Carbonate is a powder commonly
used to regulate or buffer pH levels in different industrial
processes. It is a highly soluble substance which is why it is
ideally used in various chemical reaction processes.
26. 09/02/2022
2) Biological Spills
Laboratories deal with many biohazards including body fluid (such as blood, urine), tissues or
organs, cell cultures and microorganisms (such as E.coli). The appropriate PPE is particularly
important when cleaning up biological spills to prevent contact with contaminated surfaces
and protect from exposure to splattered materials.
Blood collection tubes
Urine and sputum specimen container Blood culture bottles
27. 09/02/2022
The following instructions should be follow when biological
spills are happened:
1◦The spill is covered with paper towels or absorbent pads.
2◦Decontaminate using a freshly prepared 10% dilution of
household bleach or hospital-grade disinfectant.
3◦Allow to sit for 15 minutes.
4◦Use paper towels or other absorbent material to wipe up the
spill.
5◦Further clean the spill area with fresh towels soaked in
disinfectant.
6◦Dispose of the towels and/or absorbent material in the
biohazardous waste container.
28. 3) Radioactive spills
Absorbent material (such as paper towels) should be placed over the radioactive spill.
Using forceps, the contaminated towels can be gathered and placed in a radioactive
waste disposal bag. The spill area, hands, shoes and other PPE should be monitored for
contamination with a Geiger counter . The clean-up is repeated until the contamination
is no longer detectable.
Bear in mind that extra caution needs to be exercised to prevent the spreading of the
radiation beyond the spill area during the clean-up.
09/02/2022
Geiger counter
الماصة المواد وضع يجب
(
الورقية المناشف مثل
)
المشع االنسكاب فوق
.
باستخدام
المشعة النفايات من التخلص كيس في ووضعها الملوثة المناشف جمع يمكن ، الملقط
.
الشخصية الحماية معدات من وغيرها واألحذية واليدين االنسكاب منطقة مراقبة يجب
جيجر عداد باستخدام التلوث عن اًثبح
.
قابل غير التلوث يصبح حتى التنظيف يتكرر
للكشف
.