Ppt for ALL INDIA RADIO

2.  INTRODUCTION
 PRINCIPLE OF AIR
 STUDIO
 STUDIO CHAIN IN AIR STATION
 TRANSMITTER
 SYUDIO TRANSMITTER LINK
 POWER SUPPLY
 AIR- CONDITIONER
 ADVANTAGES

3.  RADIO is the transmission of the signals by modulation of
electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light.
 Radio is based on wireless communication
or Satellite Communication.
 In this ERA of technology due to need
of wireless communication. A national
service was planned and developed
by the Prasar Bharati Broadcasting
Corporation of India.

4. TRANSMITTING
A radio wave carries information signal; Signals are converted into
electrical signals. A carrier wave is then produced from the
modulation. The wave is then amplified, and sent to the antenna that
then converts signal into an E.M. wave.
RECEIVING
An antenna on receiving the signal send it to the receiver this then
converts the electrical signal sends it to the amplifier either a
speaker/headphones jack this is then converted into a sound wave.

5. There are following studio in AIR being used:
1. DRAMA STUDIO: Recording of drama, discussion, chat
etc.
2. TALK STUDIO: For live program like talk and rural program.
3. MUSIC STUDIO: Recording of musical programs and
concerts.
4. PLAYBACK STUDIO: For announcing and playback of
songs and records.
5. DUBBING STUDIO: Dubbing and editing of tapes.

6. SWITCHER
CONTROL
ROOM TALK STUDIO
PLAYBACK
STUDIO
DUBBING/EDITIN
G ROOM
MUSIC STUDIO
CONTROL
ROOM SERVER

7.  Studio Centre
 Broadcast Studio
 Mixing
 Control Room

8. AM
TRANSMITTER
FM
TRANSMITTER

9. AM TRANSMITTER
 These transmitter are used to
transmit the medium wave and
short wave.
 The medium wave band has
frequency between 550KHz to
1650KHz and short wave band has
frequency ranging from 3MHz to
30MHz.
 There is to much over-crowding in
the AM broadcast bands and
shrinkage in the night-time service
due to fading, interference, etc.
FM TRANSMITTER
 FM broadcasting offers several
advantage over AM such as
uniform day and night
coverage, good quality listening
and suppression of noise,
interference.
 All India Radio has gone in for
FM broadcasting using modern
FM Transmitter.
The configuration of the
transmitter being used in the
network are:
 3kW transmitter
 5kW transmitter

10. AM Transmitter FM Transmitter

11. o STL sends a radio station’s audio from the broadcast studio to a
radio transmitter in another location.
o In AIR, the transmission link refers to the communication channel
that connects the studio to the transmitters.
o Links used in AIR:
• Microwave links
• ISDN(Integrated Services Digital Network)
• Captive Earth Station(CES) for satellite uplink.

13.  AC Power Supply
 DC Power Supply

14. • In some stations two nos. of LT
transformers are provided. One is
used with normal feeder and the
other one with the
standby.
• Normally one auxiliary bus bar
feeds supply to loads like A/C
plants and lighting. The other one
is used to meet the requirement of
the main studio/transmitting
equipments.
• 230 V AC supply is fed to an
isolation transformer which
steps down the voltage to the
required low level.
• Isolation Power TR. Rectifiers
and Filters Series Pass
Element Feedback and
Control AC Vref. Vout.

15.  The primary function of an air-conditioning system is to
maintain conducive conditions for human comfort.
Comfort air-conditioning, is defined as the process by
which the temperature, moisture content, movement and
quality of air are maintained within required limits.
 An air-conditioning system has to perform the following
functions:
 Cooling and dehumidification for summer conditioning.
 Heating and humidification for winter conditioning.

16.  Basically, all air-conditioning systems can be divided
into two broad categories:
 i) DX type System: In DX system, air is cooled by the refrigerant flowing inside the
evaporator coil.
DX type can be further classified as follows:
(a) Self Contained
 Window type (or room air-conditioners), commonly available in 1,
1.5 and 2 TR capacities. These are invariably air-cooled.
 Package type, commonly available either as air-cooled or water
cooled models.
(b) Split type
Either air-cooled or water-cooled. Available capacities are 2.0, 3.5,
7.5 and 10 TR.
(c) Central or Built up Type. Air-cooled or water-cooled, commonly
available above 10 TR to 200 TR.
 ii) Chilled Water System: In chilled water system, air is cooled by means of chilled water
flowing inside the coil.

17. ADVANTAGES OF AIR-CONDITIONING
 Simple to design and control
 Less mechanical space
 Less maintenance
 Increase comfort
 Not well known in our industry
 Higher construction cost
 Many engineers aren’t familiar with this
technology
DISADVANTAGES OF AIR CONDTIONING

18.  Two way communication.
 Cost of transmitting is independent of distance involved.
 Handling very high Bandwidth.
 Provide large coverage using Satellite.
 Only an audio medium for communication.
 During bad weather we cannot listen radio properly.
Often unclear and is affected by weather.
 Need to adjust frequency properly.