Sleep disorders can be classified as either dyssomnias or parasomnias. Dyssomnias involve difficulties initiating or maintaining sleep or excessive sleepiness, and include insomnia, narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea syndrome, periodic limb movement disorder, and restless leg syndrome. Parasomnias occur during sleep but do not cause insomnia or sleepiness, and include arousal disorders, sleep-wake transition disorders, nightmares, sleep bruxism, and other parasomnias associated with REM sleep. Sleep disorders are managed through treatments such as relaxation exercises, antidepressents, stimulants, CPAP masks, benzodiazepines, and skeletal muscle

1. SLEEP DISORDERS
PRESENTED BY
MR SUDIP DAS
M.Sc NURSING 1ST SEMESTER STUDENT
OF I.N.S.

2. DEFINITION
It is defined as a disruption of sleep time that causes
discomfort or interferes with a desired life cycle.

3. CLASSIFICATION :-
 Dyssomnias :-
It is characterized by difficulty in initiating
or maintaining sleep or by excessive
sleepiness.
1. Intrinsic sleep disorders :-
a. Insomnia :- It is also known as
sleeplessness. Occurs due to
stimulants,heart disease, pain.
Manage by relaxation exercises.

4. b. Narcolepsy :- It is characterized by
excessive daytime sleepiness.
Occurs due to trauma, infection.
Manage by antidepresnts, stimulants to
improve alertness.
c. Obstructive sleep apnea :- It causes breathing to
repeatedly stop and start during sleep due to obstruction
of airway. Manage by CPAP mask and pharyngoplasty.

5. d. Central sleep apnea syndrome :- It
causes breathing stop and start during
sleep without obstruction of airway.
Manage by CPAP mask.
e. Periodic limb movement disorder :-
It is characterized by periodic episode
of repetitive stereotypic leg movements
occur during sleep. Manage by benzodiaz-
epine, skeletal muscle relaxant.
f. Restless leg syndrome :- Crawling ,
itching, tingling sensation in the leg.
Manage by benzodiazepine, skeletal
muscle relaxant.

6. •EXTRINSIC SLEEP DISORDER :-
1. Parasomnias :-
It occur during sleep but those usually do not
produce insomnia or excessive sleepiness.
a. Arousal disorder :- Slow wave sleep may
characterized by semi-purposeful behaviour such
as dressing.

7. b. Sleep wake transition disorder :- Difficulties
during transition of one stage to another stage
which characterized by abnormal behaviour like
sleep talking.
c. Parasomnias usually associated with REM
sleep:- Nightmares are frightening dreams that
arise in REM sleep and often vividly recalled on
awakening.

8. d. Other parasomnias:- Sleep bruxism refers to
grinding of teeth during sleep and may lead to
dental damage.
2. Sleep disorders associated with medical
disorder.
3. Hospital aquired sleep disturbance.

9. SLEEP DISORDER
MANAGEMENT