The data may be represented textually or graphically. The textual presentation includes the arrangement of data in rows and columns. this method is called the tabulation method.

1. skhot1976@gmail.com B.Sc.-III Paper- XIV (DSE –F26) Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Economic Botany
Dr. S. S. KHOT 1
B.Sc. Part- III Botany
Paper- XIV DSE –F26
Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Economic Botany
Unit 2: Biostatistics (11)
2.2 Collection and presentation of data:
Types of data, techniques of data collection- Census method,
sampling method- simple random, stratified and systematic sampling.
Classification, tabulation, graphical representation- Histogram and polygon.

2. skhot1976@gmail.com B.Sc.-III Paper- XIV (DSE –F26) Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Economic Botany
skhot1976@gmail.com
Paper XIV
Unit. 2. Biostatistics
2.3 Classification of Data and
Presentation of Data: Tabulation
Dr. Sudhakar Sambhaji Khot
M.Sc., Ph.D., SET
Assistant Professor in Botany
Y. C. Warana Mahavidyalaya, Warananagar

3. skhot1976@gmail.com B.Sc.-III Paper- XIV (DSE –F26) Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Economic Botany
Dr. S. S. KHOT 3
2.2 Collection and presentation of data: Data Processing- Classification
‘Classification: The process of arranging the primary data into systematic way on
their characteristics’
Necessity: Data collected from census or experiments is in crude/ unorganized form,
difficult to understand and interpret.
Objectives:
a) to make it easily understandable,
b) to make it attractive and impressive,
c) to facilitate quick comparison,
d) to easily understand errors,
e) to reduce repetition of explanatory phrases and headings
DATA: A set of facts expressed or recorded from the population

4. skhot1976@gmail.com B.Sc.-III Paper- XIV (DSE –F26) Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Economic Botany
Dr. S. S. KHOT 4
2.2 Collection and presentation of data: Data Processing- Classification
‘Classification: The process of arranging the data into definite groups on their characteristics’
Types of classification:
1. Geographical classification (by space): e.g. data of countries, states, districts etc.
2. Chronological classification (by time): e.g. data in last five months or years
3. Qualitative classification (by attributes):
 Simple/ Dichotomous: e.g. seeds yellow / green
 Manifold: Seeds yellow round, yellow wrinkled, green round, green
wrinkled.
4. Quantitative classification (by size): class intervals
 Continuous data: e.g. root length 3.0 to 3.4 cm, 3.5 to 3.9 cm, 4.0 to 4.4 cm,
….
 Discrete data: e.g. number of seeds per pod 0, 1, 2, 3, …

5. skhot1976@gmail.com B.Sc.-III Paper- XIV (DSE –F26) Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Economic Botany
Dr. S. S. KHOT 5
2.2 Collection and presentation of data: Data Presenting- Tabulation
‘Tabulation: The presentation of statistical data in the form of tables.’
TABLE: is a systematic organization of statistical data in columns and rows.
 Table contain boxes called cells.
 Cells arranged in horizontal rows and vertical
columns
 Table carries a number and a title
 Caption: heading of vertical column
 Stub: Heading of horizontal rows
 Body: cells between caption and stubs
 Table may carry head note, footnote and source/
reference.
e.g. simple table, complex table

6. skhot1976@gmail.com B.Sc.-III Paper- XIV (DSE –F26) Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Economic Botany
Dr. S. S. KHOT 6
2.2 Collection and presentation of data: Data Processing- Tabulation
‘Tabulation: The presentation of statistical data in the form of tables.’
TABLE: is a systematic organization of statistical data in columns and rows.
Faculty Boys Girls
Arts 48 59
Commerce 62 54
Science 59 64
Table 1.1: Number of students admitted during 2021
Table
number
Stub
Title
Caption
Body
Source: Data collected from admission records
Source /
Reference

7. skhot1976@gmail.com B.Sc.-III Paper- XIV (DSE –F26) Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Economic Botany
Dr. S. S. KHOT 7