The document discusses new job clusters and skills needed for the "Second Machine Age". It notes that digital skills demand has increased 212% in recent years. Key skills needed include both hard STEM skills and soft people skills like critical thinking. Future jobs will require skills like computational thinking and virtual collaboration. The job clusters with the strongest future potential are caregivers, informers, and technologists. Investing in STEM education is important to develop the workforce needed for these changes. Ethics will also be vital as machines take on more responsibilities.

1. New Job Clusters
&
The Second Machine Age
Paul Herring MACS (Snr) CP

2. The World Has Changed:
”20 years ago, if you wanted to cure
cancer, you would have gone into
medicine, but if you want to cure
cancer today you should go into
software engineering.
The possibilities are endless.”
- Anna Emerson, SPLC old-scholar
& Google Software Engineer

3. • There are some 13 transferable enterprise skills that all
the jobs in 1 ‘cluster’ share.
• The demand for digital skills is up by 212% over the last
3 years yet over 27% of school leavers have low
proficiency in digital literacy (let alone any digital skills
that could be classed at the level of fluency or mastery).
• Also the demand for critical thinking skills is up 158% (a
skill set that can be dramatically improved through the
effective use of digital technology).

4. Portability within a ‘Cluster’

8. Skills Needed:
• Hard specialist knowledge skills like Science, Technology, Engineering and
Maths, plus Entrepreneurship, Art and Design – STEAMED.
• Soft people skills like critical thinking, communication, collaboration,
connectivity, creativity, and culture.
• Health care professionals, carers and aides, and business, human
resources and marketing professionals are projected to see some of the
largest employment gains in Australia in the short term – through to 2021.
• Each of these jobs involves complex situations and requires creative
problem solving skills. They also require high levels of contact with clients.

12. • There is a very serious need to gain basic digital literacy skills
• Advanced digital skills will be required for the future,
• ‘computational thinking’,
• ‘new-media literacy’,
• ‘design mindset’,
• ‘virtual collaboration’.
‘The Second Machine Age’ will need good skills in:
• ideation,
• large-frame pattern recognition, and
• complex communication
• The clusters with the strongest future potential are:
• The Carers,
• The Informers, and
• The Technologists
• All very much IT centric.

13. STEM:

14. Co-CEO & co-founder of Atlassian
- Mike Cannon-Brookes:
• "If we're not investing in technology we're completely stuffed as
a nation."
• "I think fundamentally it's about talent -- that's our biggest
challenge in this country. Talent, training, and STEM education in
high schools is critically important."
• … if the nation does not employ some form of Computational
Thinking in schools, … we won’t have the workforce in 20 - 30
years' time that we will need.
• "In the UK, kindergarten through 12 do Computer Science
education; various states in the US are starting to mandate
Computer Science as one of the things you graduate with in year
12 as a mandatory subject like Maths and English, …"

15. Resulting from
a) the digitization of more and more information,
goods, and services,
b) Globalisation
- telecommunications,
- transportation,
- networks and standards.
c) Intelligent Systems
– Machine Learning & Robotics
• But there’s more! A New Economic Model

16. The Future of Wealth Distribution

17. Google chief economist Hal Varian:
• “Seek to be an indispensable complement to
something that’s getting cheap and plentiful.”
Examples include:
• data scientists,
• writers of mobile phone apps, and
• genetic counsellors
Ethics also vital:
• We cannot outsource our responsibilities to machines.
We must hold on ever tighter to human values and human
ethics.”
• Zeynep Tufekci, Techno-sociologist
Career Skills Now Needed:

19. What can you do in Year 12 in 2017?
• Evaluate the Job Clusters
• where do you see yourself; your talents; skills; passions;
• Enrol in IT courses – ANY
• Lydna.com;
• Udemy.com
• Get a job
• find part-time or vacation jobs working as a technology volunteer for non-profits or other orgs
• - see job clusters – next slide
• Develop your competency with the Top 10 Skills in 2020
• Amazon Leadership Skills – see next slide
• Consider how different the world will be when you get to your 40’s!

22. Amazon’s Leadership Principles
 Customer Obsession*
 Ownership
 Invent and Simplify*
 Are Right, A Lot
 Learn and Be Curious
 Hire and Develop the Best
 Insist on the Highest Standards
 Think Big*
 Bias for Action
 Frugality
 Earn Trust
 Dive Deep
 Have Backbone; Disagree and
Commit
 Deliver Results
What qualities are important to being successful?

23. Connected all the time

24. Internet of People

25. Our health monitored continuously

26. All vehicles fully autonomous

27. Ethics are critical
We cannot outsource our responsibilities to machines.
We must hold on ever tighter to human values and human ethics.”
- Zeynep Tufekci, Techno-sociologist

28. Schools are for socialisation purposes

29. Food is manufactured, no animals reared

30. No energy acquired from fossil fuels

31. Quantum computing:
Development of a quantum computer, would mark a leap forward in computing capability far greater than
that from the abacus to a modern day supercomputer, with performance gains in the billion-fold realm
and beyond.

32. No privacy