For Earth and Life Science Senior High School

1. ENDOGENOUS
PROCESSES ON EARTH

2. OBJECTIVES
• describe how magma forms;
• describe what happens after the magma is
formed;
• describe the changes in mineral
components and texture of rocks due to
changes in pressure and temperature;
• compare and contrast the formation of the
different types of igneous rocks;

3. The endogenous processes
are caused by forces from
within or in the interior of
the Earth. The driving force
is the thermal energy of
the mantle and the crust.

4. MAGMATISM
• magma is very hot and is constantly
moved by the internal heat that
reaches the mantle of the Earth
through convection flow.
• magma forms when rocks reach
temperatures between 800 – 1200
degree Celsius.

5. MAGMATISM

6. VOLCANISM
• process when magma tries to escape
from the source through openings
such as volcanoes or existing cracks
on the ground
• magma comes out with extreme heat
and pressure and may cause
destructive explosions

7. VOLCANISM

8. METAMORPHISM
• the process of changing the
materials that make up a rock
• chemical components and
geological characteristics of rocks
change due to heat, fluids and
pressure

9. METAMORPHISM
CONTACT METAMORPHISM
- happens when rock minerals and
texture change due to heat
REGIONAL METAMORPHISM
- a change in the rock happens in a
larger area, a large scale action of
heat and pressure

10. METAMORPHISM