N5 PE Data Collection Methods

RESPECT EQUALITY AMBITION COURAGE TRUTH SERVICE
National 5 Physical Education
Portfolio Support

2a) Explain the challenges you may face when gathering reliable data on your two
selected factors (3) – pages 12-14 of your N5 support booklet
When answering any question in Physical Education it is important to split the
question in to key areas. In every question there will be 4 areas.
Area 1 – this the command word and is typically the first word used in the question. In
this case the command word is ‘Explain’. Therefore, the examiner is asking for you to
provide cause and effect/reasoning.
Area 2 – this is the theme of the question and is typically in the middle of the
question. In this case the theme is about challenges associated with gathering reliable
data. Therefore you must explain challenges (cause and effect/reasoning) related to
gathering data.

Area 3 – this is the factor. Most of the questions you are asked will ask you to
relate the answer to a factor. In this case it is two factors and our two factors are
PHYSICAL (factor 1) and MENTAL (factor 2) therefore in your answer reference
should be made to these factors.
Area 4 – this is the mark allocation. In this case the mark allocation is 3 therefore
the examiner is looking for you to make a minimum of three clear points of
explanation.
Lets now consider the challenges we face when gathering data.

In P.E. we will collect/gather data to allow us to:
1. Gain a baseline measurement of our performance level
2. This will then indicate to us what our strengths are and what our areas for
development are
3. This will then allow us to plan a Personal Development Plan (this is a 6-8 week plan
that will focus on improving our area for development(s)
4. Once this plan as be ‘designed’ we can set targets to motivate us and help us to
measure progress
5. Finally, having everything in place from 1-4 allows us to evaluate our progress later
on to see if we have made the necessary improvements.
However, what might be the challenge in gaining this information?

A challenge we may face is ensuring the
data we gain is accurate data that we
can rely upon.
Consider the challenge questions to the
side in the yellow text box and for each
consider what may be the issue for each.
1. Performing in front of and/or around
others?
2. Identifying if a skill is successful or
not?
3. Live or in person

A challenge we may face is ensuring the
data we gain is accurate data that we
can rely upon.
Consider the challenge questions to the
side in the yellow text box and for each
consider what may be the issue for each.
1. Performing in front of and/or around
others? Could you be easily
distracted, could they influence your
emotional factor which then has an
impact on your physical and mental
factor?
2. Identifying if a skill is successful or
not? Are you an expert? Do you
perform outside of school in this
activity?
3. Live or in person? Do you have
video evidence?

How do I answer on accuracy?
To answer this area successfully you must explain, therefore you must ensure you follow
a clear structure. You will follow our PEgI structure. This involves the following:
P – Make your POINT. In this are simply reword the question. The question is asking you
to explain challenges you may face when gathering reliable data therefore you may want
to say (do not copy this, create your own) – There are a number of challenges I may face
when gathering reliable data on the physical and mental factor.
Eg – After this you provide an EXAMPLE. This is our cause and our first challenge. We
have discussed accuracy in the previous slide therefore consider accuracy. – A challenge
I face is ensuring the data is accurate. I intend on collecting information on
volleyball/dance. This means I must understand what makes a sub-factor successful or
not.

I – This is your impact. This is where the mark will be awarded. Here you must take
your example/cause and explain the impact this could have. If I am unable to
confidently determine whether the sub-factor is successful or not I may collect
incorrect data which will lead to inaccurate results. This may mean I identify the wrong
strength and/or area for development.
This answer is worth 3 marks therefore you are aiming to explain another 2 challenges
you may face. The slides that follow are the same as accuracy, therefore please
complete an explain paragraph for each challenge provided.

2b (i) Identify one appropriate method you used to gather data on your
performance in factor 1. (1 mark) pages 15 and 16 of your support booklet
Area 1 – what is the command word?
Our command word is identify therefore you simply need to state the name of
something.
Area 2 – what is our theme?
Our theme is asking us about gathering data. Therefore we need to identify
(name) a gathering method.
Area 3 – what is the factor?
Our question asks for factor 1 and factor 1 for us is physical. Therefore we
need to name a gathering method used in the physical factor.

The same question is repeated for question 2b(ii) but asks for factor 2.
therefore we would repeat the same breakdown of questioning but in Area 3
we are thinking about the method we used for the mental factor.
2b(i) Physical gathering method
2b(ii) Mental gathering method

2c) Select one of the methods identified in 2b. Describe how you used this
method to gather data about this factor. (4 marks)
Our command word is Describe. For a describe question we need to paint a
picture. The person marking your portfolio has never seen how you gathered
information therefore you need to tell them about it. Tell them the process of
how you collected the information that told you your strengths and
weaknesses.
It is best to describe the process in chronological order. So what happened first
all the way to what happened last.
Keep your sentences short and sharp.
Use first person (I did this, I then…)

2c) Select one of the methods identified in 2b. Describe how you used this
method to gather data about this factor. (4 marks)
Our theme is asking us about gathering data. Therefore we need to describe
the gathering method used.
Our question asks us to select a method from 2b therefore we have the choice
to describe our physical method or mental method. I would strongly encourage
you to describe your physical method – General Observation Schedule.
Area 4 – How many marks are there?
The question asks for 4 marks therefore 4 points of description. I would ensure
you have a minimum of 2 descriptive points relating to the format of the
games and 2-3 more (minimum) about the process that took place in the
classroom.

2c) Select one of the methods identified in 2b. Describe how you used this method to gather
data about this factor. (4 marks) page 18 in your support booklet
When completing a describe answer you should think about the following points:
WHAT does it look like? You will have a General Observation Schedule in front of you
therefore can you describe (in a short paragraph) what this schedule looks like. What is on the
sheet? What is the format/structure/layout of the sheet?
HOW was this carried out? In this area you should describe the process in full from start to
finish.
Step 1 – played games of volleyball (where?, who with?, how many?, how long for? Ability?)
Step 2 – recorded
Step 3 – Watch performances back (where? Who with?)
Step 4 – filled in schedule (how?)

2c) Select one of the methods identified in 2b. Describe how you used this method to gather
data about this factor. (4 marks) page 18 in your support booklet
How do I start? Everything should be your own work and in your own words. This is merely
a prompt for you see how you might start your answer.
A method I used to gather data on the Physical Factor was my General Observation Schedule
(GOB). The General observation schedule is…
To Gather data using this method I first of all…..
Thereafter I…..
Finally I….

2d) Explain why you selected this method to gather data on your performance
in the identified factor. (3 marks) page 19 of your support booklet
Our command word is Explain and this is when the level of difficulty increases
slightly. When explaining we should look to provide cause and
effect/reasoning. This question is asking us to explain why you selected this
method so you need to explain why this method was useful to you (should read
positively)
Our theme is asking us about gathering data. Therefore we need to explain the
gathering method used (general observation schedule).

2d) Explain why you selected this method to gather data on your performance
in the identified factor. (3 marks)
This question is a continuation of 2c) therefore you are explaining the general
observation schedule used for the Physical Factor.
Area 4 – How many marks are there?
The question asks for 3 marks therefore you should provide a minimum of 3
reasons why you used the General Observation Schedule. I would encourage
you to provide more than 3 reasons. I would encourage you to do this firstly
because there are more that 3 reasons why we use the GOB and secondly
because providing more reasons will increase the likelihood of you gaining full
marks. Should you provide 3 reasons only and one does not meet the standard
then you will only achieve 2 marks – you want to avoid this at all times.

2d) Explain why you selected this method to gather data on your performance in the
identified factor. (3 marks)
To answer this successfully you should follow your PEgI structure:
Provide a POINT – This involves you providing a starting sentence. In this case look to
reword the question. As an example (remember all work should be your own, this is only a
guide):
I selected the General Observation Schedule (GOB) as my method of gathering data for a
number of reasons.
Provide an EXAMPLE – This involves you providing the first reason why this method was
useful.
Provide an IMPACT – This involves you providing the IMPACT of the reason above. How did
it positively impact you and/or how did it positively impact the process.
You should then repeat the process of explain + impact at least three more times

2d) Explain why you selected this method to gather data on your performance in the
identified factor. (3 marks)
Why did I select the method? (EXPLAIN) Impact
I used this method because it considered all of the skills
used in volleyball.
This meant that I was able to gain baseline information
relating to my performance in each skill to help me
identify my strengths and weakness.
Once completed, this method also provided me with a
permanent record of this baseline information.
This meant that….
I used this method as the layout of the schedule was
simple and easy to follow.
This meant that…
I used this method as I used video evidence to complete
the schedule.
This meant that…
I used this method as it was completed over a number
of matches.
This meant that…
When gathering data I used data from matches played
against opponents of a similar ability.
This meant that…

2e) From the data you have gathered describe your strengths and
development needs in relation to your performance for both factors. (4 marks)
page 20 of your support booklet
The command word used is describe and in this case the examiner wants you
to paint a picture about your performance standard in both factors.
This question is asking you about your strengths and weaknesses. Therefore
you must use the evidence available to you describe what area you are strong
at and what area would require development.
Area 3 – What is the factor?
The question asks about both factors therefore you need to provide a strength
and weakness from both collecting methods.
Area 4 – how many marks?
This is a 4 mark question that should be split in to 2 marks
for physical and 2 marks for mental.

How to answer?
When answering this question you still need to paint a picture for the
examiner. They do not anything about you or your performance standard
therefore you need to describe clearly what your performance standard is
like. To do this successfully consider structure on the next slide

First 2 marks:
Paragraph 1(P1) – provide a sentence
identifying your strength in the
physical factor.
Paragraph 2 (P2) – provide quantitative
evidence (numeric) to support this.
This information will be in your GOB.
Paragraph 3 (P3) – Provide a
description of the technical points of
the skill that you are doing well (refer
to your FOB to help with this)
Repeat this process but for your
weakness.
Second 2 marks:
Paragraph 1 (P1) – provide a sentence
identifying your strength in the mental
factor.
Paragraph 2 (P2) – provide quantitative
evidence (numeric) to support this.
This information will be in your MSRS
or PPW.
Paragraph 3 (P3) – Provide a
description of the technical points of
the feature that is your strength.
Repeat this process but for your
weakness.

First mark example (all work should be
your own and this is just a guide):
P1 – After completing my General
Observation Schedule I have identified
my Volley as my strongest skill.
P2 – I know this because I completed
the volley 10 times and 80% of these
attempts were successful.
P3 – When I am performing the skill I
can bend my knees and I have my arms
are bent with elbows pointing
outwards. Then when I make contact I
straighten my legs and arms to push
the ball upwards.
Third mark example (all work should be
your own and this is just a guide):P1 –
P1 -After completing my PPW I have
identified my mental toughness as my
mental strength
P2 – I know this because I rated myself
as an 8/10 in this area
P3 – When I am performing I am able
to stay positive. When I made a
mistake in the games I did not let this
affect me and I pushed the thought to
the back of mind so I could stay
focused.

2f) With reference to the data, identify an appropriate target for each factor (1) and (1).
Area 1 – What is the command word?
The command word is identify therefore you must state clearly the area that you are
‘targeting’.
Area 2 – What is the theme?
The theme is target setting. This involves you considering what would be a realistic long
term target for you.
The question is on both factors therefore you must provide a target for the physical
factor and the mental factor
Area 4 – What is the mark allocation?
The question has two parts each worth 1 mark so you must provide a target for physical
to gain a mark and a target for mental to gain a mark.

How do I answer?
When setting goals you should make sure they follow the SMART acronym.
SMART What does this mean?
S SPECIFIC – When creating a target it must first of all be specific to you and your weakness. You
would not set a target to improve a strength. It should relate to your weakness identified in 2e). To
make it specific it should also relate to the technical points in paragraph 3 of your 2e) weakness
answer as this is the area you need to improve.
M MEASURABLE – to know if you have improved there should be a quantitative data (numbers) to
based your improvement off of. If you achieved 30% success rate for example you would like to
include in your target a new % you wat to achieve.
A ADJUSTABLE – This is where the target has some flexibility and is not set in stone. If it needs altered
then you can do so (this won’t be required for this answer)
R REALISTIC – The target must be realistic in terms of your ability to achieve it. Should it be too far
out of your reach it is likely that when you evaluate your progress that you will have not met it
meaning your PDP may look ineffective. However, it cannot be too easy otherwise you will not be
motivated. Using the example above (M) it would be realistic to suggest moving from 30% to 50%
success rate. It would not be realistic to move from 30% to 100% success rate.
T TIME ALLOCATION – finally the target must have a time limit. If it is left open then you can lose
motivation. Your PDP will last 6 weeks therefore it is likely you will want to achieve your target in 6
weeks time.

SMART - My target is to
MEASURABLE and REALISTIC – I will aim to move from
TIME – I want to achieve this target in 6 weeks time.

2g) Explain why it is important to set targets when creating a personal development
programme. (3 marks)
The command word is EXPLAIN therefore our default position is to follow our PEgI
structure. As a reminder ‘explaining’ requires us to provide clear reasoning for doing
something/why we do something.
The theme is target setting. Therefore coupling this area with area 2 means that we
have to provide reasoning as why we should set targets.
The question is generic and therefore does not mean we have to focus on a single factor.
The question is worth 3 marks meaning you should provide 3 clear reasons why we set
targets.

Target setting is a crucial aspect of our development. It is important to set targets as a
target can help motivate and give you goals to aim for.
Small targets can give a performer a little push on the way to achieving their ultimate
long-term target.
Focus – in pairs have a discussion around the following focus questions:
Consider why we set targets?
What does having a target in place do for you?
How might having targets in place help your progress?

Task
During our class discussion take notes in your jotter/on a word document around Target
Setting. You may choose to do this in a mind map, flow chart or through a list. In the
slides that follow I will demonstrate these note taking methods.
Please note the following slides should not be copied. The notes on the slides form the
focus of our class discussion however your note taking must be entirely your own.

Mind Map
Why is it important to set targets?
Setting Targets is important
because the target set will provide
a focus in my training.
This means that…
because the target will increase my
motivation and effort (assuming
the target is realistic)
This means that…
because the target will help
provide valuable feedback on my
progress in each session.
This means that…
because having targets will help
me to track and monitor my
progress over the course of my
plan.
This means that…

Flow Chart
Setting
Targets is
important
for a number
of reasons
First of all, setting targets is
important because the target set
will provide a focus in my training.
This means that…
Secondly, setting targets is
important because the target will
increase my motivation and effort
(assuming the target is realistic)
This means that…
Thirdly, setting targets is important
because the target will help
provide valuable feedback on my
progress in each session.
This means that…
Finally, setting targets is important
because having targets will help
me to track and monitor my
progress over the course of my
plan.
This means that…

2h) Describing approaches to develop performance.
(i) From your personal development programme, select and describe an approach
that you used to develop factor 1
(ii) (ii) From your personal development programme, select and describe an approach
that you used to develop factor2
The command word is DESCRIBE. When describing we should answer in short, sharp
sentences and includes facts. For this question it is important we consider HOW we
carried something out.
The theme is asking about approaches. An approach is a skill practice/a session that we
have carried out as part of our PDP.
The question is in two parts therefore an approach for both factors should be provided.
The question is worth four marks overall but should be treated as a 2/2 mark split.

(i) From your personal development programme, select and describe an approach
that you used to develop factor 1
Lets consider part (i)
In the physical factor we are developing a skill in volleyball. For some the skill being
developed is the dig and for others it is the spike.
In the games hall you will have carried out practices/drills to improve the skill…HOW
did you do this?
Success criteria – when answering this be sure to cover the following:
1. Where did the approach take place?
2. Who did you work with?
3. How did you set this approach up? What did you need?
4. HOW DID YOU CARRY IT OUT (chronologically) – What did you do in the approach?
- What were your sets and reps?

(ii) From your personal development programme, select and describe an approach that
you used to develop factor2
Lets consider part (ii)
In the mental factor the vast majority are developing their decision making- skills.
In the games hall you will have carried out practices/drills to improve your decision
making…HOW did you do this?
- What were your sets and reps/working time?

(ii) From your personal development programme, select and describe an approach that
you used to develop factor2
Lets consider part (ii)
In the mental factor some are developing their mental toughness or their motivation.
In the games hall you will have carried out practices/drills to improve your mental
toughness/motivation…HOW did you do this?

2i) In addition to the approaches you used, justify further decisions that you made
when planning your personal development programme (4)
The command word is JUSTIFY. Here you should provide PERSONAL REASONING almost
as though you are trying to explain yourself. I made this decision because…
The content here should be positive and should come in three parts – Identify the
decision, explain/provide context and offer your reasoning for this.
The theme is asking about decisions you made when planning. You should consider your
plan as a whole and JUSTIFY why each step taken was useful to you.
The question does not specify a factor however reference should be made to justify your
personal reasoning.
The question is worth four marks meaning you should provide 4 planning decisions.

Length of the programme
How long is our PDP?
Can you explain to me why
you think this length of time
was selected?
Duration of the training
session
How long is a session on
your dig/spike or decision
making?
this length of time was
selected?
Conditions of Training
During an approach we will
play music?
using music was selected?
Frequency of sessions in a
week
How often do you carry out
training?
Can you explain training this
often was selected?
Training partner(s)
Who did you train with?
Can you explain why you
trained with these people?

Length of the programme
How long is our PDP?
you think this length of time
was selected?
-
-
-
-
-
Duration of the training
session
How long is a session on
your dig/spike or decision
making?
this length of time was
selected?
-
-
-
-
-
Frequency of sessions in a
week
How often do you carry out
training?
Can you explain training this
often was selected?
-
-
-
-
-

Conditions of Training
During an approach we will
play music?
using music was selected?
-
-
-
-
-
Training partner(s)
Who did you train with?
Can you explain why you
trained with these people?
-
-
-
-
-
What other planning decisions had you made?

How do I answer this question?
Step one – Provide a starting sentence that identifies a decision made by you.
Example: I made the decision to carry out a mid-point review of my performance
standard.
Step two – provide an explanation/context
Example: I decided that at the half-way point of my programme I would repeat my
collecting methods and them=n make comparisons between the mid-point collection
and the initial collection.
Step three – provide personal reasoning
Example: I have made this decision as it allows me to make comparisons. The
comparisons allow me to see if I am making good progress or if I am making limited
progress. By carrying this out at the mid-point I am still giving myself enough time to
adapt my plan to ensure I am getting the most out of my training.

How do I answer this question? Repeat the process below another three times
Step 1 – what was your decision
A decision I made was
Step 2 – Provide an explanation/context
(explain the decision – don’t tell me why this
decision was made at this stage)
Step 3 – Personal reasoning
This decision means that

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