Drug distribution system in hospitals

PES Modern College of Pharmacy, (for ladies) Moshi-
412105
Drug Distribution
System In Hospital
By-
Mrs. Sonali R. Chintamani
ASST. PROF.
M. Pharm ( Pharmacology)
MBA (INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT)
PhD (PURSUING)
REGISTERED PATENT AGENT
PES Modern College of Pharmacy, (for ladies) Moshi-412105 1

DRUG DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN
HOSPITALS
 INTRODUCTION
 The drug distribution system plays an
important role in avoiding the drug
interactions.
 The systems is categorized into
two .
 1.Outpatient or ambulatory patient .
 2.Inpatient.
PES Modern College of Pharmacy, (for ladies) Moshi-412105
2

OUTPATIENT
 Definition :
 Outpatient mean those who are not
admitted in the hospital .
 The outpatient services of the hospital
are classified into three categories .
 1.Primary care
 2.Referral or tertiary care
 3.Emergency care
3

 Location of outpatient dispensing
service :
 For location of this service three
provisions are made:
 1. A separate outpatient dispensing pharmacy
is set up.
 2. A combined unit service for inpatient and
outpatient from same window.
 3. A combined unit service for inpatient and
outpatient from different window.
LOCATION
4

 THE MAIN ADVAVNTAGES OF
DISPENSING
 MEDICINES TO OUTPATIENT
 1. Treatment commences immediately.
 2 .Medicines may be prescribed as a part of clinical
trial.
 3 .Medicines prescribed may be restricted to the
hospital service.
 THE MAIN DISADVANTAGES
 1.It requires separate staff.
 2.It is time consuming.
 By using combined unit service above
disadvantages are eliminated.
ADVANTAGE &
DISADVANTAGE
5

 LAYOUT OF OUTPATIENT SERVICE
 1.It show the quality of service provided by
hospital.
 2. In layout there should be adequate no. of
window for receiving and filling up prescriptions.
 3. Layout should be such that patient traffic can
be easily controlled.
 4.Waiting time of outpatient should be reduced.
 5.Waiting room should be pleasantly furnished
with sufficient reading material and educative
poster hanged on wall.
 6. To avoid overcrowding more window and
manpower should be provided.
LAYOUT
6

INPATIENT
 DEFINATION:
 An inpatient is one who is bed ridden or who is occupying the
bed in the hospital.
 OBJECTIVES:
 1. To provide drug for all inpatient of the hospital on a 24 hour
per day basis
 2.To inspect & control the distribution of the drug all treatment
area.
 LOCATION LAYOUT & PLANNING
 1.The Various section of the inpatient pharmacy should be
continuous
 2.The satellite pharmacies are operate it should be supervise by
qualify pharmacist .
 3.The facilities & equipment use to store the drug should be
design in such way that it facilitates the routine inspection of the
drug before administration & this are readily available to the
physician & pharmacist.
7

1.There is no standard rule for requirement of
personnel. It is depend on the nature & quantum
of services to be provided.
Hospital Bed
Strength
Up to 50
100
200
300
500
Number of
pharmacist.
3
5
8
10
15
PERSONNEL FOR INPATIENT
SERVICES
8

Within General hospital practice four
system are use.
1. Individual prescription order system
2. Floor stock system.
3. Combination of two methods
4. Unit dose dispensing
METHOD OF DRUG
DISTRUBUTION
9

 Individual prescription order system
 Small & private hospital adapt this
system
 According to this system prescription
are receive by pharmacist &
medicines are dispense for inpatient.
 Medicines are kept in nursing unit
medication cabinet under custody of
nursing in charge.
 For faster dispensing commonly used
can be prepackage.
METHOD OF DRUG
DISTRUBUTION
10

ADVANTAGE &
DISADVANTAGE
 1.Reduse the
manpower
requirement
 2.All prescription are
directly review by
pharmacist.
 3.It Provide close
control on stock.
 4.Medication error
can be spotted.
ADVANTAG
E  1.Posilbility of delay
in obtaining
medication.
 2.To increase in the
cost of drug to the
patient
 3.It can be practice in
big hospital.
DISADVANTAG
E
11

COMPLETE FLOOR STOCK
SYSTEM.
 DEFINATION- It is the system where drug are
stored at each floor or near to ward at
nursing station.
 TYPES OF FLOOR STOCK SYSTEM.
1.Charge floor Stock Drug – Means those drug
which are stock on the nursing station at all
time & charge to the patient account after
there administration.
2.Noncharge floor Stock Drug – Means those
drug which are placed at nursing station for
use of all patient in the ward & for which they
may not be direct charge to the patient
12

ADVANTAGE &
DISADVANTAGE
 1.Waiting period is
less, medicine can be
receive immediately.
 2.Emergency
medicine can be
easily available for
quick distribution.
 3.Number of
pharmacy required
for dispensing are
ADVANTAG
E  1.Maintenance cost &
wastage of medicines
is increases.
 2.More space is
required at nursing
station
 3.Review of
prescription by
pharmacist is not
possible.
 4.Counseling of patient
DISADVANTAG
E
13

UNIT DOSE DISPENSING
 DEFINATION- It is the system which
consist of dispensing unit dose to the
patient containing a predetermine amount
of drug.
 Types of Unit dose dispensing system
 1.Centralise unit dose dispensing
system–The unit dose are dispense form pharmacy
department.
 1.Decentralise unit dose dispensing
14

COMBINATION OF TWO
METHOD.
 DEFINATION- In this system drug are
supplied as ward stock for those
drug which are in frequent use &
other drug are individually dispense
when required.
15

ADVANTAGE &
DISADVANTAGE
 1.Aviode misuse of
medication.
 2.Time required for
dispensing is
reduced.
 3.Paper work is less
at nursing unit as well
as pharmacy.
 4.Review of
ADVANTAG
E  1.Sperate manpower is
required for
prepackaging
 2.Unit dispensing
should be handled by
skill person.
DISADVANTAG
E
16

SATELITE PHARMACY
 DEFINATION-
 The main pharmacy center is called
satellite pharmacy & sub pharmacy
center are located at each floor &
working as substation for satellite.
17

ADVANTAGE &
DISADVANTAGE
 1.Review if
prescription is
possible.
 Waiting period is
decreases.
 Dug therapy can be
monitored by
pharmacist.
 Pharmacist may
ADVANTAG
E  Inventory is increases
therefore budget is
increases.
 Paper work
maintenance cost are
increases.
 Separate space
required for keeping
the stock.
DISADVANTAG
E
18

CENTRAL STERILE
SERVICES.
 DEFINATION-
 It is separate department of hospital provide
professional supplies & equipment to all
specialize department.
 Objectives –
 To maintain supply of sterile equipment to
operation theatre.
 To Contribute in educational program.
 To provide sterile gowns ,caps , mask &
hand gloves during operation.
19

LOCATION.
 It should be located near to the
operation theater.
 It should be located in such way that
most rapid transport of material is
possible.
 It should be located near to the
pharmacy department who have
better administrative control.
20

FUNCTION
o Purchasing & receiving hospital
supplies & equipment.
o Maintenance & keeping up the record
of the purchasing & distribution.
o Standardization & microbial testing of
sterilize product should be done.
o Interaction in other professional in
health care team.
21

BED SIDE PHARMACY.
o It is the drug distribution system in
hospital in which drug are kept near
the bed of the patient so the patient
can utilize drug himself.
22

S 1
S 2
D2 W2 D3
D1
W1
1.General Clean up.
2.Disassembly.
3.Adjustment of sets & kits.
Sterilization Zone
S1 = Storage of Sterilize material.
S2 = Space for storage of Sterilize material.
OT = Operation theater.
D1/D2/D3 = Doors
W1/W2- Window
LAYOUT OF CENTRAL STERILE AREA.
23

THANK YOU……!
PES Modern College of Pharmacy, (for ladies) Moshi-412105 24

Drug distribution system in hospitals

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