Konsep ee green building bea hvac final

Memahami dan Menerapkan Konsep
Energy Efficiency Green Building
Green Bu ildin g Cou n cil In don esia
Deddy el Rashid GP
Core Founder GBCI
Jakar ta, 30 September 2017

Emerging Member of World Green Building Council

• PERMEN PU 02/PRT/M/2015
TENTANG BANGUNAN GEDUNG
HIJAU
• Bangunan Gedung Hijau adalah
Bangunan yang memenuhi
persyaratan bangunan gedung
dan memiliki kinerja terukur
secara signifikan dalam
penghematan energy, air, dan
sumber daya lainnya melalui
penerapan prinsip bangunan
gedung hijau sesuai dengan
fungsi dan klasifikasi dalam setiap
tahapan penyelengaraanya
PERATURAN PEMERINTAH TTG BANGUNAN HIJAU
PERMEN PU 02/2015 PERGUB 38 2012
• PERGUB 38 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG
BANGUNAN HIJAU
• Bangunan Hijau adalah Bangunan
yang bertanggung jawab terhadap
ligkungan dan sumber daya yang
effisien dari sejak perencanaan,
pelaksanaan konstruksi, pemanfaatan,
pemeliharaan sampai dekontruksi

Zero Net
ENERGY EMISI
AIR
BERSIH
AIR
KOTOR
BARANG SAMPAH

The planet of Earth does not
have manual
We need to make the manual to make it
SUSTAIN for the next generation

Tepat Guna Lahan
Efisiensi dan
Konservasi Energi
Konservasi Air
Siklus dan Sumber
Material
Kesehatan dan
Kenyamanan dalam
Ruang
Manajemen Lingkungan
Bangunan
Catagory Green Building

Mengembangkan area
hijau bangunan

Menciptakan iklim mikro
pada lingkungan
bangunan

EFISIENSI DAN
KONSERVASI ENERGI

Penggunaan peralatan
hemat energi
Memaksimalkan
pencahayaan alami

Energy
Condition and
Challenges in
Indonesia
 Electricity in Indonesia
 Energy Consumption Database
 Energy Policy
Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)
• USA: by EIA (Energy Information Agency)
• 30.000 + building
ENERGY EFFICIENCY & CONSERVATION
Mall,retailandservice= 350 - 500 kWh/m2
/y
Hospital= 320-450 kWh/m2
/y
Apartment=300-400 kWh/m2
/y
Hotel=290-400 kWh/m2
/y
Oﬃce=210-285 kWh/m2
/y
Education=165-295 k Wh/m2
/y
EEI = 240
kWh/m2.annum
EEI = 208
kWh/m2.annum
EEI = 198
kWh/m2.annum
EEI = 133
kWh/m2.annum
EEI = 98
kWh/m2.annum
Envelope optimization
Lighting optimization
HVAC optimization
Control systems
Source: Energy Efficiency Guidelines for
Building Design in Indonesia, 2013

Energy Condition and
Challenges in
Indonesia
 Energy Policy
• 95% source from fossil fuel
• Production cost Rp 1960/kWh, selling price Rp 1000/kWh
• Subsidized by Gov. ~ Rp 100T / year
• No incentives for Green Building / Renewable energy
• Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources
2012

• IFC Study 2011
• JICA Study 2009
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Hospital Shopping Mall Hotel Office
175
225
160
140
270
297 293
240
japan
Jakarta
Energy Efficiency Index
(KWH/m2.yr)
 Energy Policy
Energy
Condition and
Challenges in
Indonesia

Challenges in
Indonesia
 Energy Policy
• Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources 2015

Challenges in
Indonesia
 Energy Policy

High
Performance
Building
Approach

High Performance
Building Approach
Financing
Concept Landscape and
Environmental
Design Concept
Architectural
Design Concept
Human Comfort
Design Concept
Electrical and Lighting
Design Concept
Mechanical Design
Concept
Operations and
Maintenance
Principles
Structural Design
Concept
Integrated Efficient
Design

E N E R G Y F O R F U T U R E
High Performance
Building Approach
Passive Design:
• Building form & orientation
• Façade material
• Shading devices
• Natural daylightingroof
lights
equipment
exterior
wall
glass
solar
glass
conduction
infiltration
people
partition
wall
BuildingEnvelope Lighting People FreshAir Others
Heat Gain Components

High Performance
Building Approach
Passive Design:
• Shading devices
• Natural daylighting
East & West:
• Receives the largest solar radiation
• Minimize glass material – use solid wall
• Use shading devices
 Solar Heat gain
Through
Windows 75%
 Cooling Load
through Façade
55%
ENERGY KILLER
FACADE

High Performance
Building Approach
Passive Design:
• Shading devices
Wall U-Value Window U-Value Window SC
• U-value :
the rate of transfer of heat (in watts) through one square metre of a structure divided by the
difference in temperature across the structure
• Shading Coefficient (SC) :
the ratio of solar gain (due to direct sunlight) passing through a glass unit to the solar
energy which passes through 3mm Clear Float Glass.

UnCoated
Reflective
Hard Low-E
Hard Low-E Soft Low-E
Reflective
Low-E
Fritted Glass +
Low-E
Fritted Glass +
Low-E
Fritted Glass +
Low-E
G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8
Glazing Layout
All Glass Thickness = 6 mm
Airfilled Cavity = 12 mm
Glass =
Low E Coating =
Selective Interlayer =
Fritted Coating =
U Value SI
2.8 W/m2
k 2.0 W/m2
k 1.9 W/m2
k 1.6 W/m2
k 1.6 W/m2
k 1.6 W/m2
k 1.6 W/m2
k 1.6 W/m2
k
U Value IP
0.49 Btuh/ft2
F 0.35 Btuh/ft2
F 0.33 Btuh/ft2
F 0.28 Btuh/ft2
F 0.28 Btuh/ft2
F 0.28 Btuh/ft2
F 0.28 Btuh/ft2
F 0.28 Btuh/ft2
F
Shading Coefficient 0.81 0.64 0.71 0.45 0.33 0.39 0.33 0.28
TL Visual Light Trasmittance 0.79 0.73 0.73 0.68 0.42 0.59 0.49 0.38
TSoL Solar Transmittance 0.61 0.52 0.52 0.33 0.23 0.27 0.22 0.17
RVis1 Extrenal Visible Light Reflectance 0.14 0.16 0.16 0.1 0.34 0.15 0.2 0.25
RVis2 Internal Visible Light Reflectance 0.14 0.17 0.17 0.11 0.14 0.16 0.22 0.28
STC / OITC (db) 35/30 35/30 35/30 35/30 35/30 35/30 35/30 35/30
1 BTU / hr ft2 °F = 5.678 W / m2 K.
1 W / m2 K = 0.176 BTU / hr ft2 °F.
All Values are calculated as centre of pane values for vertical application.Space bars,frames and edge effects will increase the overall U value of the glazing unit
NB.Performance data [except accoiustic] has been calculated using LBNL Windows 5.2a Software with environmental conditions NFRC 100-2001 Summer
Sample of Achievable Glazing Performance
Double Glazing (Vertical)

High Performance
Building Approach
Passive Design:
• Shading devices
Effective in reducing solar radiation through window

High Performance
Building Approach
Passive Design:
• Shading devices

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
• High efficiency chiller plant
• High efficiency air distribution
• Energy saving lighting
• Occupancy and lux sensor
• Energy saving elevator and escalator
COP KW/TR
Split < 65.000 Btuh 2,6 1,353
VRV 3,7 0,951
Split Duct 2,5 1,407
AC Chiller < 150 TR (recip) 2,7 1,303
AC Chiller < 150 TR (screw) 2,7 1,303
AC Chiller > 150 TR (recip) 2,5 1,407
AC Chiller > 150 TR (screw) 2,5 1,407
WC Chiller < 150 TR (recip) 3,8 0,926
WC Chiller < 150 TR (screw) 3,8 0,926
WC Chiller > 150 TR (recip) 4,2 0,837
WC Chiller > 150 TR (recip) 4,2 0,837
WC Chiller > 300 TR (centrifugal) 5,2 0,676
BASE - BASED ON S.N.I.
TIPE AC
Air Cooled
Water Cooled
VRF

CHILLER PLANT EFFICIENCY ASHRAE GUIDE

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
Chiller
Water Cooled Chiller
Air Distribution
AHU 80 C
130 C
Chilled Water Pump
1. Chilled Water Loop
1 2
2. Refrigerant Loop
3. Condenser Water Loop
Condenser Water Pump
29.50 C
350 C
3
Cooling Tower
Chiller Plant Controller

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
Component of chiller plant::
• Chiller
• Chilled water pump (CHWP)
• Condenser water pump (CWP)
• Cooling Tower
Energy saving potential:
• VSD
• Chiller Plant Integrated Controller
• Efficient Water Distribution
Energy Consumption of Chiller Plant

Energy Saving from VSD – Pump & Fan

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
High Efficiency AHU
+ Variable Air Volume (VAV)
• AHU: motor, fan, coil, variable speed
• VAV box for varying load
• CAV box for constant load

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
Distribusi udara di area
dengan ceiling tinggi
menggunakan sistem
Displacement Ventilation (DV)
setinggi 2,5 m. Udara yang
dikondisikan hanyalah setinggi
2,5 m.
Displacement Ventilation

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
Outdoor Air Handling Unit (Air-Air Heat Exchanger)
• Dibutuhkan introduksi udara luar atau fresh
air (FA)
• Udara luar tanpa ada treatment terlebih
dahulu akan membebani beban pendinginan.

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
 100W incandescent bulb, 6 hours/day -> 220 kWh (~ Rp 300.000,-) annually

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
Lamps Ballast / Driver +
Controller
Luminaires
+ +

High Performance
Building Approach Type Feature
Incandescent
• 10-20 lm/watt
• 5% of energy converted to light
• Short life-time (~1,000 hours)
• < $1.00
• Phase out in 2012 (EU)
Compact
Fluorescent Lamp
(CFL)
• 60-70 lm/watt
• ~ 20% of energy converted to light
• Medium life-time (~ 10,000 hours)
• $2 - $8
• Mature technology
LED Bulb
• 90 lm/watt
• ~ 30% of energy converted to light
• Long life-time (~50,000 hours)
• $10 – $30
• New technology

WASTE AFTER 30.000 HRS
 LED do not contain mercury
 LEDs contain lead, arsenic and a dozen other potentially
dangerous substances
 LED contain Neurotoxin 8 times amount of lead and could
exhibit significantly cancer
 LED also contain nickel can pose an environmental threat in
river and lakes and poison aquatic life
 Furthermore, crews dispatched to clean LEDs are used
extensively for automotive and traffic lighting should wear
protective clothing and handle material as Hazardous
waste.
The University of California (UC)-Irvine’s Department of
Population Health & Disease Prevention.

High Performance
Building Approach
Parameter
Fixtures : Philips RC120B
LED 3700lm 42W
W30 L120
Number of fixtures : 345
Results
Avg illuminance : 521 lux
LPD : 6.54 W/m2
General Lighting Design using
Simulation
Active Design:

High Performance
Building Approach
Daylight area
Non-daylight area
Lux Sensor
Active Design:

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
Energy saving features of elevator and escalators ::
• Drives and Motors
• Motor Generator
• Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR)
• Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
• Variable Voltage Variable Frequency
• Regenerative Motors
• Permanent Magnet Motor
• Machinery
• Geared
• Gearless
• Energy saving mode
newer
technology

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
• In the case of power generation, the mechanical energy of the
descending car or counterweight causes the elevator motor to function
as a generator of electricity
• Conventional elevator system dissipates this untapped electricity as
waste heat, routing it through electrical resistors in the elevator shaft or
machine room
Regenerative Drive

High Performance
Building Approach
Active Design:
With intelligent traffic management system::
• Reduce Waiting Time and increase Handling Capacity
• Passengers are transported in the most efficient way
• Able to set non-essential lifts into stand-by mode
Intelligent Traffic Management

18% 18% 16% 16% 14% 14%
14% 14% 14% 14% 11% 11%
21% 21%
10% 8%
8% 8%
10% 10%
5% 5%
5% 5%
14% 14%
14% 14%
14% 14%
4% 4%
4% 4%
4% 3%
18% 18%
18% 18%
18%
8%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
BASELINE +High performace glass +LPD reduction +Daylighting schedule +VRF High COP +Equipment reduction
Energy Reduction Summary
Space cooling Air system fans Lighting Conditioned Area
Lighting Unconditioned Area Receptacle equipment Lift & escalator
Mechanical Ventilation Domestic water pumps

Renewable Energy
Challenges:
• ROI >10 years
• High initial investment
• Availability, storage and distribution
• Government support
Solar PV Panels Wind Turbine Geothermal
Building Integrated PV (BIPV)
• Building Integrated PV (BIPV)
• Solar PV Panels
• Wind Turbine
• Geothermal

Net Zero
Energy
Buildings
Challenges:
• Establish carbon-neutral buildings by the year 2030
• Design buildings that use substantially less energy,
reduce greenhouse gas emissions and create spaces
that are healthy and comfortable
• Many high-performance buildings exist today that
exceed minimum energy requirements by over 50
percent – yet aggressive research and development
needed to achieve feasible, cost-effect net-zero-
energy buildings
Standard
• ASHRAE 90.1-2010 – goal is 30% improvement over 90.1-2007
• ASHRAE 189.1P – Design of High Performance Green Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential
Buildings

Peralatan hemat air dengan
menggunakan menggunakan
sensor

WATER EFFICIIENCY CONSERVATION

Menggunakan metode
Xeriscape pada desain
lansekap

Kandungan Material yang berbahaya
• Kebanyakan polusi udara dalam
ruangan berasal dari material yang
digunakan.;
• Material Bangunan
• Mesin yang digunakan pada
Bangunan
• Senyawa organik yang melekat
pada material bangunan yang
mudah menguap dan bersifat
karsinogen
• Polutant :
• VOC
• Formaldehyde

Mendesain bangunan dengan memperhatikan
ukuran material yang tersedia di pasaran

Material yang berasal dari
sumber yang lestari

Material pra-fabrikasi
dan ringan

KESEHATAN DAN KENYAMANAN
DALAM RUANG

Memastikan kualitas udara
dalam ruang dengan
memakai material interior
yang bebas dari racun

Menyediakan akses
pandangan ke luar sambil
menjaga kenyamanan visual
dan termal

Aplikasi material antimicrobial
untuk menangkal penyakit

Indoor plant
• Dapat menetralisir racun dan menyerap CO2 serta menghasilkan Oksigen
• Sangat bagus untuk menjaga kualitas udara dalam ruang (IAQ)

Manajemen sampah dan limbah
lainnya

Green Building = Kinerja Bangunan

If we can measure it,
we can manage it
Bangunan yang Terukur

Green Building membantu menjaga stabilitas
lingkungan, ekologi, dan kesehatan

Green Building
Comfortable
Living

TERIMA KASIH
#betterbuildgreen
F o r F u t u r e G e n e ra t i o n
D e d d y e l R a s h i d
P r e s i d e n t E l e c t 2 0 1 7 - 1 8
C o r e F o u n d e r G B C I
P e n a s i h a t A S A T H I
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