IMPORTANCE OF ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTISEPTICS , ITS TYPES AND APPLICATION IN THE FIELD OF MICROBIOLOGY. if found Aany mistake plz comment below

1. ASSIGNMENT ON : IMPORTANCE OF ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTISEPTICS , ITS
TYPES AND APPLICATION IN THE FIELD OF MICROBIOLOGY

2. History of antibody and antiseptics:
• Antibodes :
• Antiseptics ;

3. Key Points :
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4. Antibiotics :
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5. Classification of antibiotics
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•
•
•

6. On the basis of mechanism of action:
• Cell Wall Synthesis inhibitors:
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
 Inhibit 30s Subunit
 Inhibit 50s Subunit
• DNA Synthesis Inhibitors
RNA synthesis Inhibitors
Mycolic Acid synthesisinhibitors
Folic Acid synthesis inhibitors

7. On the basis of mechanism of action:

8. 2. Use of antimicrobials in aquaculture :

9. On the basis of spectrum activity :
• Broad spectrum antibiotic : A broad-spectrum antibiotic antibiotic
antibiotic
 Ampicillin.
 Tetracycline
 Chlorampenicol
 Erythromycin
• Short spectrum antibiotics: Short -spectrum
microbiota
……..examples are -
Penicillin – G
 Cloxacillin

10. On the basis of mode of action :
Bacteriostatic antibiotics : Bacteriostatic antibiotics
Ex :
• Bacteriocidal antibiotics : Bactericidal antibiotics bacteriostatic antibiotics
Bactericidal antibiotics

11. Antibiotics indications :
 Meningitis
Osteomyelitis
 Urinogenital Infections
 Gall Infections
Sepsis
Quinsy
 Skin Infections
Pneumonia
 Mucous MembraneInfections
 Scarlet Fever
Scarlet Fever
 Diphtheria
Siberian Ulcer
Gynecologic Infections
Syphilis
Respiratory Infections
 ENT Infections
 Fungous Infections

12. Misuse of antibiotics :

13. Antibiotics resistance :
OR
The ability of a microorganism to produce aprotein that disables an antibiotic or
preventstransport of the antibiotic into the cell.

14. Cross-resistance :
• Cross-resistance to a particularantibiotic that often results
inresistance to other antibiotics,usually from a similar
chemical class,to which the bacteria may not havebeen
exposed
• Cross-resistance can occur, forexample, to both colistin
and polymyxinB or to both clindamycin and lincomycin

15. Mistreatment of Doctor :
• Inappropriate prescription :
40 % antimicrobials prescribed inappropriate
. Some 150million prescriptions are written
annually in t theUSA And Of those, 50 million are
absolutelyunnecessary or inappropriate

16.  You get a fever. You have diarrhoea.You catch a cold. Take a couple
ofantibiotics (Amoxicillin ,Azithromycin)
 You should avoid it ,don’t takeantibiotics without prescription.

17. Antibiotics side effects :
• The most common side effects ofantibiotics :

18. Unconsciousness of Patient :
Without proper directionthe patient take the drug
They do not maintain thedosage intervals andcomplete the
dose
Patient stop the drug whenfeel better.

19. What Is The Role Of Pharmacist :
The pharmacist should review the previous diseaseshistory of the patient
Hypersensitivity reaction of Drug
 Drug-drug interaction
Exact dose and frequency of the drug
When the drug should be taken before or after meal
Suggest not to stop the antibiotics without completethe course even feel better

20. My Opinion -
• The doctor must be concern about the diseasewhether it viral or
bacterial.
• They should not prescribed the drug without test orover sure .
• The pharmacist should also more conscious aboutthe dose ,drug
interaction, resistant andhypersensitivity of the drug .
• The patient should strictly maintain the suggestionof the pharmacist

21. ANTISEPTICS :
• ANTISEPTICS

22. Use in surgery :

23. COMMON ANTISEPTICS :
• ALCOHOLS: (surgical alcohol
• Ethanol (60-90%) :
• 1-Propanol (60-70%) :
• 2- Propanol/isopropanol (70-80%)

24. QUATERNARY AMMONIUM
COMPOUNDS: (Quats or QAC’s)
3 BORIC ACID

25.  CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE

26. CLASSIFICATIONS OF ANTISEPTICS :

27. Characteristics of an ideal antiseptics :

28. USES :

29. SIDE EFFECTS OF ANTISEPTICS :

30. Other Antiseptics in Ayurveda :

31. Thank
You