Plants obtain their nutrition through autotrophic nutrition, also called photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants use energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide from the air, and water to produce glucose and release oxygen. Animals obtain nutrition through heterotrophic nutrition, either holozoic where they feed on other organisms, saprophytic where they feed on dead and decaying matter, or parasitic where they live in or on a host organism.

1. VARUN DHAKA INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY (VDIT)
B.ED-I YEAR
SESSION-2016-2018
ROLL NO. 35717402116
HOW DO PLANTS OBTAIN
THEIR NUTRITION

2. HOW DO PLANTS OBTAIN THEIR NUTRITION
All living organisms require food to survive.
Plants can make their own food, while animals do
not. They obtain their food either directly from
plants(by eating them) or indirectly(by eating
other herbivores).Thus, all living organisms are
directly or indirectly dependent on plants.

3. NUTRITION
The process by which the living organisms take
in food and use it to obtain energy for their
growth and development is called NUTRITION.
There are basically two modes of nutrition.
 Autotrophic Nutrition
 Heterotrophic Nutrition

4. AUTOTROPHICNUTRITION
This mode of nutrition is
found in green plants.
Green plants make
their own food from
simple raw materials,
so they are called
autotrophs and this
mode of nutrition is
called autotrophic
nutrition.

5. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
 The leaves have a green pigment
called “CHLOROPHYLL”. It helps the
leaves to capture the energy of the
sunlight.
 This energy is used to make food
from CARBON DIOXIDE and
WATER.The process of making food
in the presence of sunlight is called
“PHOTOSYNTHESIS”(photo means
“light”, synthesis means “to make”.
 During photosynthesis, leaves
convert carbon dioxide and water
into GLUCOSE(sugar) and oxygen,
in the presence of sunlight.

6. Theoxygenproducedthisprocessisreleasedinto
theatmospherewhilethesugarisconvertedinto
starchandstoredintheplants.Hence,themodeof
nutritioninwhichtheorganismmakesitsfoodfrom
simpleinorganicsubstancesiscalledautotrophic
nutrition.

7. HETEROTROPHICNUTRITION
 Animals and non-green plants like fungi , etc.
cannot manufacture their own food. For their
food , they depend upon the green plants ,
directly or indirectly.
 Therefore; they are called heterotrophs and
their mode of nutrition is called heterotrophic
nutrition.
 Heterotrophic nutrition is of three types:
1) Holozoic
2) Saprophytic
3) Parasitic

8. HOLOZOICNUTRITION
 In this mode of nutrition ,
one organism feeds upon
another organism.
 Depending on the type
of food Holozoic animals
get , they are classified
into three categories:
1) Herbivores
2) Carnivores
3) Omnivores

9. HERBIVORES
Herbivoresaretheplanteaters.Theanimalswhicheat
onlygrass,plantsorproductsobtainedfromplantsare
calledherbivores.
Forexample-cow,buffalo,goat,sheep,elephantetc.

10. CARNIVORES
Carnivores are the meat eaters .The animals
which eat meat or flesh of other animals are called
carnivores.
For example-lion , tiger , snake , fox.

11. OMNIVORES
Omnivoresarethemeataswellastheplanteaters.
Theanimalswhicheatbothplantsandmeatarecalled
omnivores.
Forexample-dog,humanbeing,crow,bearetc.

12. SAPROPHYTICNUTRITION
 Sapro means ‘rotten’ , so a saprophytic plant draws
its food from rotten leaves , dead animals and
household wastes like; rotten bread etc.
 In rainy days ; some plants grow on the dead and
decaying matter ( generally on wood ).They do not
possess green color and they receive food from
decomposed or decayed bodies.
 They solubilise the organic matter by enzymatic
action and then absorb the soluble food by diffusion
into their cells. Such organisms are called
saprophytes .This mode of nutrition is called
saprophytic nutrition.
 Examples are Mushrooms ,Yeast and Bacteria.

13. Breadmould

14. SYMBIOSIS
 Symbionts are organisms that live together for
mutual benefit.
 Lichen is a typical example of symbiosis.”Lichens are
symbionts consisting of a fungus and an alga” that
cooperate each other to meet their food
requirements.
 A mutual long-term relationship between two or
more different biological species is called symbiosis.
 The fungus provides shelter , minerals and water to
the alga .The alga supplies the fungus with food that
it manufactures.

15. Symbiotic relationship between
algae and fungi-Lichen

16. PARASITICNUTRITION
 The organisms which fully depend on host are
called parasites and mode of nutrition of these
organisms is called parasitic nutrition.
 Examples of parasites are lice and ticks which
live on the body of animals .Tapeworms
,pinworms and hookworms live in the intestine
of animals including humans.
 Some plants too are parasites .Cuscuta
(amberbel) is a plant parasite which produces
special sucking roots called ‘Haustoria’ for
absorption of food from the host plant.

17. Cuscuta which exhibit
parasitic mode of nutrition
by winding on host plant.

18. Reference
NCERTBOOK-CLASSVII
WIKIPEDIA
GOOGLE-PHOTOS