Functions of urinary system, Kidney & Nephron

1. Presented by-
Shruti Richa
Assistant Professor
Central Institute of Pharmacy

2.  The urinary system, also known as the renal system
or urinary tract, consists of the kidneys, ureters,
bladder, and the urethra.
 The purpose of the urinary system is to:
 Eliminate the wastes & drugs from the body.
 Regulate blood composition
(e.g. sodium, potassium and calcium)
 Regulate blood volume and blood pressure.
 Control levels of electrolytes and metabolites,
 Regulates blood pH.
 The body takes what it needs from food and changes it
into energy. After this the urinary system keeps
everything in balance by removing waste, like urea, extra
salt, extra water and other things the body does not
need..
 The urinary tract is the body's drainage system for the
eventual removal of urine.[

3.  Regulate pH homeostasis of the blood.
 Contributes to the production of red blood cells by
the kidney.
 produces, stores and eliminates urine, the fluid
waste excreted by the kidneys. The kidneys make
urine by filtering wastes and extra water from
blood.
 Balance the body's fluids.
 Balance a variety of electrolytes.
 Release hormones to control blood pressure.
 Release a hormone to control red blood cell
production.
 Helps in synthesizing calcitrol the (active form
of Vitamin D since kidney has its receptors).
 Help in maintaining bone health by controlling
calcium and phosphorus.

4.  The kidneys are the organs that filter the blood,
remove the wastes, and excrete the wastes in
the urine. They are the organs that perform the
functions of the urinary system.
 maintains overall fluid balance.
 regulates and filters minerals from blood.
 filters waste materials from food, medications,
and toxic substances.
 creates hormones that help produce red blood
cells, promote bone health, and regulate blood
pressure.

5.  It converts blood into the
urine, reabsorps, secretes, and excretes the
waste substances.
 To remove all waste products including the
solid wastes, and other excess water from the
blood,
 The cell present in each tube absorbs different
molecules excluding the glucose, water, and
other beneficial molecules

6.  Normal, healthy urine is a pale straw or
transparent yellow color due to presence of
urochrome.
 Darker yellow or honey colored urine means
you need more water.
 A darker, brownish color may indicate a liver
problem or severe dehydration.
 Pinkish or red urine may mean blood in the
urine.
 urine: A liquid excrement consisting of water,
salts, and urea that is made in the kidneys then
released through the urethra.

7.  https://www.livescience.com/27012-urinary-
system.html
 https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/u/uri
nary-system
 https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/urinary
/components/kidney.html