short description of basic knowledge on philosophy

1. Introduction to
Philosophy

2. PHILOSOPHY
• From Greek word
“philosophia” literally means
“love of wisdom.”
• Deals with the study of the
processes governing thought
and conduct.

3. PHILOSOPHY
• It investigates the principles
and laws that regulate the
universe and underlie all
knowledge, which satisfies the
requisites of a scientific state
of knowing.

4. PHILOSOPHY
• Considered as the “parent
science” in that it has given
birth to natural physical and
social sciences.

5. 3 Major Fields of Philosophy
• EPISTEMOLOGY
-deals with the study of the
origin, structures, methods,
nature, limit and veracity (truth,
reliability, validity) of human
knowledge.

6. 3 Major Fields of Philosophy
• METAPHYSICS
-deals with the questions of
reality – its nature, meaning
and existence.

7. 3 Major Fields of Philosophy
• AXIOLOGY
-deals into the study of
values.
-analyses the origin, types
and characteristics, criteria and
knowledge of values.

8. PHILOSOPHICAL METHODS THAT
WERE COMMONLY USED:
• Induction – a method of drawing
general conclusions from particular
or individual experiences.
• Deduction – the process whereby
our minds, by way of reasoning
proceeds from general to specific
terms.

9. PHILOSOPHICAL METHODS THAT
WERE COMMONLY USED:
• Dialectic – a process of arriving at
knowledge through the question and
answer techniques.
• Analytic Method – consists of
theories that are developed by
inductive procedures and begins
with imaginative conjectures.

10. PHILOSOPHICAL METHODS THAT
WERE COMMONLY USED:
• Romantic Period – the ‘tendency to
bases a world view on feelings and
instincts.”
• Synoptic Method – the grasping of
anything in one comprehensive view.