EPIDEMOLOGY

2. SHAHRUKH AHAMD
GROUP 3RD

3.  Rapidly developed clinical signs of focal
(or global) disturbance of cerebral function;
lasting more than 24 hours or leading to
death, with no apparent cause other than
vascular origin
 TIA: <24 hours

6.  Morbidity ( 12 country WHO study)
Incidence : 0.2 -2.5/1000/yr.
 Mortality: leading cause of death &
disability through out world
 33% cases die within 3 weeks, 48% die within 1yr

8. Host Factors
1.Age
80% cases: In India >40 yr;
while in developed countries >65 yr
2.Sex
Males
3.Personal History
History of DM/HT/Cardiovascular diseases

9. Pathogenesis of Stroke

10. Types of Paralysis

11. Types of stroke

12.  Subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)
 Cerebral hemorrhage
 Cerebral thrombosis or embolism
 Occlusion of pre cerebral arteries
 Transient cerebral ischemia (TCI) more than 24 hrs.
 Ill defined cardiovascular disease ,
when underlying pathology is in brain

13. Risk Factors of Stroke

14. SHAME are the risk factors for Stroke
Smoking
Hypertension/ Hyperlipidemia,
Atrial fibrillation
Male
Elderly
5 Cs are the causes for stroke in young age
Cancer
Cardiogenic emboli
CNS infection [HIV conditions]
Congenital arterial lesion
Cocaine
Risk Factors of Stroke

16.  Control of Hypertension
 Control of Diabetes
 Control of Cholesterol & Saturated Fat Intake
 No alcohol
 No smoking
 Regular exercise
 Maintain healthy weight
 Avoid illicit drug like cocain which is associated with TIA
Primary Prevention of Stroke

17. Secondary Prevention of Stroke
Early diagnosis and management
of TIA/Stroke

18. Secondary Prevention of Stroke

19. Secondary Prevention of Stroke

20.  Remove obstruction to restore
blood flow to brain
 Clot busting drugs within 3 hrs.
 Carotid endarterectomy
 Angioplasty
 Preventive medications
 Anti-platelet drugs
 Anti-coaggulants
Secondary Prevention of Stroke
(Treatment)

21. 1.Disability Limitation
• Prevention of Complications
• Good nursing care (bladder and bowel)
2.Rehabilitation
• Physical
• Occupational
• Psychological
Tertiary Prevention of Stroke