1. Tia slides These slides require professional interpretation and are not for personal diagnosis or treatment. Consult your doctor if you need a medical opinion.

3. Slides on TIAs Use and amend these slides for your lecture needs. These slides are for Physicians and require medical interpretation. They are not to be used for personal diagnosis, treatment or treatment recommendations. Consult your doctor for any medical opinion. Email your comments or new slides for inclusion to stroke@compura.com

4. CBF ml/100g/min Normal Oligaemic Electrocortical function affected Electrical failure Ionic pump failure Cell death 35 20 15 10 60 Thresholds of cerebral ischaemia

13. TIAs Approximate frequencies of main causes of ischaemic stroke & presumably TIAs Rarities 5% Atherothromboembolism 50% Embolism - heart 20% Intracranial small vessel disease 25% TIAs

14. TIAs - territory Carotid Either Vertebrobasilar Dysphasia +++ Monocular visual loss (am fugax) +++ Dyspraxia, visuospatial problems +++ Unilateral weakness ++ - + Unilateral sensory ++ - + Dysarthria* + - +++ Dysphagia* + - +++ Ataxia* +++ Diplopia* +++ Vertigo* + Bilateral visual loss +++ Bilateral sensory +++ Crossed sensory/motor +++ * = in isolation, not TIA + may occur - +++ v common TIAs

15. Transient ischaemic attacks TIAs

18. Transient ischaemic attacks TIAs

45. Risk reduction, non-fatal CVA/MI, vascular & non-vascular deaths, for antiplatelet Rx in TIA mild CVA 7.5% 0% 30% 16/12 15/1000 30% 15/12 14/1000 18% 15/12 13/1000 7% % reduction 15/12 months Rx 1/1000 events prevented % patients affected TIAs

49. Dipyridamole retard Risk reduction for TIA In TIA/mild stroke - aspirin 50 mg, dipyridamol retard 200 mg bd, n = 6602 13.2% had TIA 2 yr. 12.6% had TIA 2 yr. 10.5% had TIA 2 yr. 16.4% placebo had TIA 2 yr. European stroke prevention study. J Neur Sci 1996; 143: 1-13.