In short brife discusion on basic life support or cardiopulmonary resuscitation

1. Basic Life Support
Dr. Mahmud Hussain
Assistant Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
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2. Basic Life Support
•Basic life support (BLS) is a level of medical care which is
used for victims of life-threatening illnesses or injuries
until they can be given full medical care at a hospital.
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3. Indication
• Cardiac arrest
• Respiratory arrest
• Both
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4. Steps of Basic Life Support
• Dr’s ABC
• D= Danger
• R= Check Response
• ‘s= Shout for Help
• A= Airway Management
• B= Breathing Management
• C= Circulation
• D= Defibrillator
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5. Steps of Basic Life Support
• Step : 1 : Scene Safety & Assessment
• Step-2 : Activate the emergency Response System
• Step 3: Check Pulse
• Step 4: Begin chest compression
• Step 5: Automated External defibrillator
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6. Step : 1 : Scene Safety & Assessment
• The Scene is Safe : For both Provider & victim
• Check Responsiveness of Victim: Are you Alright?
• Check breathing – 1. Absent or no breathing
2. Gasping
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7. Step-2 : Activate the emergency Response System
• If you are alone- Shout for Help
• Get Automated External Defibrillator
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8. Step 3: Check Pulse
• Check Carotid Pulsation
• Feel for at least 5 second but not more than 10 second
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9. Step 4: Begin chest compression
• Victim lying face up on a firm, flat,
surface.
• Position yourself at the victims side
• Put the heel of one hand – lower half of
sternum
• Put other hand on top of first hand
• Straighten your arms , position your
shoulder directly over hand
• Compression ventilation ratio – 30:2
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10. Step 4: Begin chest compression
• Push hard and fast: press at least 2 inch in each
compression
• Push at least 100 compression per min
• Allow chest recoil (re expand) completely
( allow blood to flow into the heart)
• Avoid excessive ventilation
• If there is pulse start rescue breathing – 1 breath
every 5/6 sec
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11. Open the airway for Breaths
• 2 Method: 1. Head tilt chin lift
2. Jaw thrust (suspected neck
injury victim)
Technique: 1 push fore head with your palm
2. Lift the jaw by finger of other hand
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12. Mouth to Mouth breath
• Airway open by Head tilt- chin lift
• Pinch nose closed with your thumb and index finger
• Take a regular breath and seal your lips around the victims mouth
• Give 1 breath (blow for 1 sec). Watch for the chest to rise
• If chest does not rise, repeat the head tilt-chin lift
• Give a 2nd breath.(blow 1 sec). Watch chest for rise
• If unable to ventilate return to chest compression 12

13. Defibrillation:
• Check for a shockable rhythm with AED
(Automated External Defibrillator)
• Provide shock as indicated
• Follow each shock immediately after
CPR.
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14. Integrated prompt and proper use of AED
• Turn AED on
• Place proper size pad for victim.
• Analyze rhythm
• Clear victim and delivers shock
• Resumes chest compression
• Do not turn off AED
• Safe environment for rescuer during
shock delivery
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15. 2 rescuer BLS/CPR
• Rescuer 1: Position : Side of the victim
• Duties: Perform chest compression
• compress the chest at least 2 inch
• Compress at a rate of at least 100/min
• Allow chest to recoil completely
• Minimize interruption
• Compression to breath ratio- 30:2
• Count compression aloud 15

16. 2 rescuer BLS/CPR
• Rescuer : 2 : Position: At the victims Head
• Duties: Maintain open airway by head tilt chin up or jaw thrust
• Give breath and watch chest rise
• Switch duties with the first rescuer every 5 cycle or 2min.
• Take less than 5 sec to switch
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17. BLS for Children (1 year and above)
• Check responsiveness & check breathing—No response- Shout for help
• Activate emergence response system & get AED
• Check pulse
• If no pulse despite sign oxygenation or heat rate <60 beats/min with sign of
poor perfusion ---- start chest compression
• After 5 cycle of chest compression -- get and use the AED
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18. BLS for infant (Below 1 year)
• Check responsiveness & check breathing—No response- Shout for help
• Activate emergence response system & get AED
• Check infants brachial pulse
• If no pulse despite sign oxygenation or heat rate <60 beats/min with sign of
poor perfusion ---- start chest compression
• After 5 cycle of chest compression -- get and use the AED
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19. 2 finger chest compression technique
• Place the infant on a firm surface
• Place 2 fingers in the center of the infants chest, just
below the nipple line, Do not press on the bottom
of the breast bone
• Press the infants breast bone down one third the
depth of the chest (1.5 inch or 4cm).
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20. 2 thumb encircling hands chest compression
technique:
• Place both thumbs side by side in the
center of the chests on the lower half of
the breastbone.
• Encircle the infants chest and support the
infants back with the finger of both hands
• Use both thumbs to depress the
breastbone approximately 1/3rd depth of
infants chest (approximately 1.5 inch or
4cm)
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