cardio-pulmonary Resuscitation

1. Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation (CPR)
Prepared by:
Mzhda salman
Hawrin ibrahim
Lava Salim askandar

2. Introduction:
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a
first aid,lifesaving technique useful in
many emergencies, including heart attack
or near drowning, in which someone's
breathing or heartbeat has stopped

3. • It involves doing chest compressions and rescue
breaths to keep the casualty alive until a defibrillator
arrives.
• A defibrillator is an electrical device which can be
used to help restart someone’s heart.
• CPR on its own is unlikely to restart someone’s heart,
however it will increase the chance of a defibrillator
being successful

4. • CPR is an extreme emergency that threatens
life. Consciousness is lost within 10–15
seconds of stoppage of oxygen supply to the
brain and some brain damage occurs in 5–6
minutes.
• Circulatory arrest for more than 10–15 minutes
causes permanent damage to the brain.

5. Causes of circulation arrest
 Heart attack
 Electrocution
 Drug overdose
 Accidents
 Stroke
 Diabetes
 Drowning
 Choking
 Poisoning
 Smoke Inhalation
 Epilepsy
 Suffocation
 And (all cases
accompanied with
hypoxia)

6.  AIM OF CPR:
 The aim of CPR is to “artificially” push oxygen-
containing blood to the brain and other vital
organs (when the heart and lungs fail to do
this vital job), till the heart and lungs regain
their normal function, or the victim is shifted
to the hospital.

7. General CPR; In Three Simple Steps: ABC
Early signs of cardiac arrest
• Airway – head tilt, chin lift
• Breathing – look, listen, feel
• Circulation – give chest compressions
• Unresponsiveness
• No breathing
• No signs of circulation

8. Procedure:
• Basic Life Support (BLS)
• 1. Make sure the victim and you are in no danger.
• 2. Check for a response.
• *try to wake him,‘can you hear me,Are you all right?’
• 3. If he responds:
• Leave him in the recovery position wait for medical
attention to arrive to monitor him.

9. What is the
Recovery Position?
• First Aid procedure to use if
the person is unconscious,
 breathing and have a pulse.
• It is a safe position to put
them in while you are
waiting for the EMS to arrive
• Allows them to breathe
easily and prevents them
from choking on their tongue
or any vomit.

10.  If he does not respond:
 Shout for help and call
emergency or if its available get
AED(autonomic external defibrillator)
 *Turn the victim onto his back and then open the
airway using head tilt and chin lift:
 Place your hand on his forehead and gently
tilt his head back.With your fingertips under the point of
the victim's chin, lift the chin to open the airway.

11. • 4. Keeping the airway open, look, listen, and feel
for normal breathing.
• *Look for chest movement.
• *Listen at the victim's mouth for breath sounds.
• *Feel for air on your cheek. Note: Do not take
more than 10.

12.  5. If you have any doubt whether breathing is normal,
act as if it is not normal and start CPR
 A. Chest compression as follows:
 Kneel by the side of the victim.
 Place the palm of one hand on the lower third of the
victim’s sternum
 Place the palm of your other
hand on top of the first hand
 and interlock the fingers of
your hands and ensure that
pressure is not applied over
the victim's ribs.

13.  CPR: continued
 *Position yourself vertically
 above the victim's chest and
, with your arms straight,
 press down on the sternum 5 - 6 cm.
 After each compression, release
all the pressure on the chest without losing contact
between your hands and the sternum.

14.  Repeat at a rate of 100 – 120/min.
 Each compression
should depress the chest
 PUSH HARD- PUSH FAST: equal
compression and relaxation allowing
recoil of chest wall.
 Chest compression – ventilation 30: 2, for 5 cycles
(2 minutes rate of 100 per minute).
 Depth of 1.5 to 2 inches.

15. Rescue breaths with chest compression
 After 30 compressions open the airway again using
head tilt and chin lift
 Pinch victim’s nose
 Allow his mouth to open, but maintain chin lift.
 Take a normal breath and place your lips around his
mouth, making sure that you have a good seal.
 Blow steadily into his mouth to make his chest rise as
in normal breathing (effective rescue breath). What if
not?

16.  CPR: continued
 take your mouth away from the victim and watch for his
chest to fall as air comes out and give another rescue
breath.
 Continue with chest compressions and rescue breaths in a
ratio of 30:2.
CPR For childerns

17.  When to stop CPR?
 Stop to recheck the victim only if:
 *He starts to show signs
of regaining consciousness
such as coughing, opening
his eyes, speaking, or moving
 purposefully AND
Starts to breathe normally

18. What if more than one rescuer present?
In a two person rescue situation, rescuers
should rotate between compressions and
breathing every 2 minutes to avoid fatigue.
Ideally, the rescuers should switch positions within
5 seconds so the victim is not left unattended for
too long.

19. Defibrillation(AEDAutomated External Defibrillator)if its available
 use the defibrillator to shock the patient,
the shock depolarizes the myocardium,
terminating ventricular fibrillation or pulse
less Ventricular tachycardia allowing
normal sinus electrical activity to be
restarted.
 Only effective treatment for restoring regular heart rhythm
 Locations
 Schools: Front office
 Look for signs in malls and other high traffic areas
 effective only for certain heart rhythms

20. A video about CPR

21. Thank you