Hemodialysis: Chapter 1, Physiological Principles of Hemodialysis - Dr.Gawad
Anxiety Disorder II .pptx
1. S H A F I N R A Z A – A 0 0 0 7 1 6 4 1
ANXIETY DISORDER II
2. OUTLINE
• Agoraphobia
• Specific phobia
Social anxiety disorder or social phobia
• Past traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
• Acute Stress Disorder (ASD)
3. Anxiety-Anxiety is a response to a threat that is unknown,
internal, vague, or conflictual.
4. • Fear- Fear is a response to a known, external,
• definite, or nonconflictual threat
6. AGORAPHOBIA
• Agoraphobia refers to a fear of or anxiety regarding
places from which escape might be difficult.
• It can be the most disabling of the phobias because it
can significantly interfere with a person’s ability to
function in work and social situations outside the home.
• May or may not be comorbid with panic disorder.
7. History
- agoraphobia was coined in 1871
- derived from the Greek words agora and phobos,
meaning “fear of the marketplace.”
Epidemology
- Life time prevalence is around 2% to 6%
- According to the DSM-5, persons older than age 65
years have a 0.4 percent prevalence rate of agoraphobia
12. SPECIFIC PHOBIA
• Is a strong, persisting fear of an object or situation.
• Patient develops intense anxiety when exposed to the feared
object.
• For Example: Flying; Enclosed space; Heights; Storms;
• Animals (e.g., snakes or spiders); Receiving an
• injection; Blood;
• Provokes an immediate anxiety response.
• Recognition that the fear is excessive or unreasonable.
17. SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER (SOCIAL
PHOBIA)
• Marked and persistent fear of one or more social or
performance situations in which the person is concerned
about negative evaluation or scrutiny by others.
• For example: Public speaking; Writing, eating, or drinking in
public; Initiating or maintaining conversations;
• Fears humiliation or embarrassment, perhaps by manifesting
anxiety symptoms (e.g., blushing or sweating)
• Feared social or performance situations are avoided or
endured with intense anxiety or distress.
21. POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER &
ACUTE STRESS DISORDER
PTSD- Development of symptoms after exposure to traumatic life events. Patient reacts with fear and
helplessness, persistently relieves the event and tries to avoid being reminded of it.
ASD- Similar to PTSD but occurs earlier… within 4 weeks post trauma- remit between 2days-4weeks
• Characterized by severe symptoms of fear, particularly flashbacks/nightmares, anxiety, and
avoidance following a threatening event.
Persistent symptoms of increased arousal (not present before the trauma), as indicated by two (or
more) of the following:
• difficulty falling or staying asleep
• irritability or outbursts of anger
• difficulty concentrating
• hyper vigilance
• exaggerated startle response
Less than one month: Acute Stress Disorder
More than one month: PTSD
