for mbbs ug students

1. PREPARATION OF A PURGATIVE
MIXTURE
DR. SAFIKUL HASAN
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY
BSMCH

2. Compound and dispense
For Mr. X
Rx
S.S. Mag. Sulph. -60 ml
Put two marks.
Direction : one dose to be taken
early in morning in
empty stomach.
Date: ABC

3. TRANSLATION
Symbol Latin Phase English form
Rx Recipe Take thou/you
please take
S.S. Saturated
Solution

4. INGREDIENTS
1.Crystal of magnesium sulfate(Mgso4,7H2O)
2.Distilled water / water

5. APPLIANCES
1. Simple balance and weight box
2. Mortar and pestle
3. Large and small measuring cylinder
4. Mixture phial
5. Funnel
6. Cotton
7. Paper, scissor and glue

6. CALCULATION
The solubility of magnesium sulfate is 1:1.5
i.e. 1 gm of MgsO4 when dissolved in 1.5 ml of
water gives 2 ml saturated solution of Mgso4.
So, In 2ml of S.S. of MgsO4 the salt of MgsO4 is
1gm in 1.5 ml of water.
In 1ml of S.S. of MgsO4 the salt of MgsO4 is ½
gm in 1.5/2 ml of water.
In 60 ml of S.S. of MgsO4 the salt of MgsO4 is 30
gm in 45 ml of water.

7. PROCEDURE
1. PREPARATION OF MIXTURE PHIAL:
60 ml of water is taken into the mixture phial with the
help of large measuring cylinder. A strip of paper of 1.5
cm breadth is used for dose marking. The upper limit of
the paper coincides with the upper level of water inside
the mixture phial, keeping the at eye level and the lower
limit of it coincides with the midpoint between lower
straight and upper convex border of glass thickness of
mixture phial. Then the paper strip is folded into two
equal parts and all the corners are uniformly cut using
scissor. Then it is stuck on the broader surface of the
mixture with gum. Following dose marking the water is
discarded.

8. 2. PREPARATION OF MIXTURE PROPER :
With the help of simple balance and weight box 30 gm
of magnesium sulphate crystal is weighed and taken in a
mortar. With the help of large measuring cylinder 45 ml
of water is added to it. After that it is mixed properly with
help of pestle. The whole content was then transferred
into the mixture phial with the help of funnel along with
the cotton. The mixture phial is finally corked and
dispensed after proper labelling at broader surface (at the
middle third of the phial) opposite to the dose marking.

9. LABELLING
THE MIXTURE
No. 3 Date:
Name : Mr. X
Direction: One dose to be taken early in
the morning in empty stomach.
Pharmacy: B.S.M.C. Pharmacy
SHAKE THE PHIAL BEFORE USE

10. MIXTURE
A mixture is a liquid medicinal preparation
containing one or more medicinal ingredients
usually dispensed in several doses, meant for
oral administration for local, systemic and reflex
action.

11. QUESTIONS U MAY BE ASKED?
1. What have u prepared?
2. What is Saturated Solution?
Solution containing maximum amount of the solute in the
dissolved state at a particular temperature and pressure.
3. What is Super Saturated Solution
A solution containing an additional amount of solute in
dissolved state in an already saturated solution by raising
temperature or pressure or both.
4. What is the action of S.S. Mag. Sulph.?
OSMOTIC PURGATIVE
o poorly absorbed in gut
o osmotic action
o duodenal secretion of cholecystokinin which stimulate
intestinal fluid secretion and gut motility.

12. PURGATIVES
1. Bulk forming
Dietary fibre: Bran, Psyllium (Plantago)
Ispaghula, Methylcellulose
2. Stool softener
Docusates (DOSS), Liquid paraffin
3. Stimulant purgatives
(a) Diphenylmethanes
Phenolphthalein, Bisacodyl, Sodium
picosulfate
(b) Anthraquinones (Emodins)
Senna, Cascara sagrada
(c) 5-HT4 agonist
Prucalopride
(d) Fixed oil
Castor oil
4. Osmotic purgatives
Magnesium salts: sulfate, hydroxide
Sodium salts: sulfate, phosphate
Sod. pot. tartrate
Lactulose

13. (a)Laxative or aperient:
Milder action, elimination of soft but formed stools.
(b) Purgative or cathartic:
Stronger action resulting in more fluid evacuation.
Many drugs in low doses act as laxative and in
larger doses as purgative.

14. 5. What are the uses of S.S. Mag. Sulph.?
I. Before abdominal surgery, radiological investigation and
colonoscopy.
II. Mandatory after antihelmenthic in case T. solium.
III. Food /drug poisoning- to wash out unabsorbed
irritant/poisonus.
IV. Acute Constipation
2. What are its contraindication?
i. Pregnancy
ii. Renal insufficiency
iii. Piles
iv. Organic intestinal obstruction,
v. Appendicitis
vi. Undiagonosed abdominal pain

15. 6. What are other the actions of Mag. Sulph.?
 Locally – reduction of swelling and pain of inflammation
 Rectally – as retention enema to reduce raised ICT.
 Parenterally – CNS anti convulsant and tocolytic effect.
-- anti arrythmic drug.
-- hypomagnesemia

16. 7. What are adverse effects of purgatives on
prolonged use?
I. Loss of water & electrolytes(K+,Ca+).
II. Deficiency of calories, minerals, vitamins
III. Spastic colitis, dyspepsia, anorexia, nausea.
IV. Loss of normal rectal reflex
V. Habit formation and dependancy develops.