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Reducing nutrients
1. Presented to:
69th SWCS International Annual Conference
July 27-30, 2014
Westin Lombard Hotel, Lombard, Illinois 60148, USA
Soil and Water Conservation Society
Reducing nutrients, fecal coliform, and
sediment concentrations in the Lower
Mississippi River Sub-Basin
Presented by:
D.D. Poudel, Ph.D.
Professor and Coordinator, Environmental Science Program
School of Geosciences
University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
2. Coulee Baton Microwatershed
Project design
Water quality monitoring locations
and field installation
Water quality monitoring
Results and discussion
Conclusions
Acknowledgement
3. Coulee Baton
Microwatershed
in Louisiana,
USA
The Coulee Baton Microwatershed is in
Mermentau River Basin and drains into the
LA-050702 waterbody description of GIWW
from the Mermentau River to the Leland
Bowman Locks.
5. Planned Intervention Microwatershed Approach
(PIMA)
Scaling-up of the field-plot BMP results to a watershed level
Texas Institute for Applied Environmental Research (TiAER) at
Tarleton State University, Texas developed the PIMA
Microwatershed is defined as anywhere between 3,000 – 20,000
acres with identifiable hydrologic boundaries
Landuse variables can be reduced and sources of pollutant loads
can be easily identified
Promotes local ownerships of the program
Community-friendly approach
Cost-effective, collaborative, and stakeholders involvement
7. Cooperating Partners
Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry
USDA-NRCS
Acadiana RC&D
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality
LSU AgCenter
Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service
Texas Institute for Applied Environmental Research (TiAER)
University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Louisiana
USDA Farm Service Agency
Coulee Baton Gravity Drainage District
Vermilion Parish Police Jury
Gulf of Mexico Program
Local agricultural enterprises and businesses
Louisiana Department of Natural Resources
Vermilion Soil and Water Conservation District
8. Implementation of BMPs in the microwatershed
Vermilion Soil and Water Conservation Districts and USDA-NRCS
developed a plan for voluntary implementation of BMPs
4 contracts under EQIP covering 229 acres signed in 2006-2007 and
BMPs installed included:
Irrigation Land Leveling
Grade Stabilization Structures
Irrigation Water Conveyance
Fencing
Heavy Use Protection, and
Water well
9. Septic systems replacement cost-share
program
VSWCD together with Acadiana RC&D Council and LDEQ
through cost-share program
Repair or replacement of failing or aging home septic systems
(80 systems installed out of 230 homes) in the
microwatershed
Homeowner education, field day, and demonstration of three
ER systems:
Spray Irrigation System
Rock Plant Filter System, and
Gravel Field line
10. “This project could be replicated in any small watershed
that is predominately residential.
The challenge of such replication lies not in technology
transfer or information transfer, but in motivating
homeowners to participate. Reaching and convincing
individual homeowners was the most difficult and least
predictable task of this project. Some understand their role
in water protection and readily accepted the opportunity to
bring their systems into compliance with DHH regulations.
Others were unconvinced that their systems were
problematic and seemed suspicious and wary of the
process. Proper education is necessary in order to motivate
individuals to action, but vary rarely will education and
outreach garner a voluntary response of 100%.”
http://www.acadianarcd.com/cms-assets/documents/29044-
170831.final-report-rev1.pdf
17. Water Quality Sampling and analysis
Field parameters – YSI Sonde
Laboratory determination
Sampling began on September 24, 2009 and
ended on August 9, 2011
Water quality monitoring
22. Overall surface water quality of Coulee Baton Microwatershed in
southwestern Louisiana (September 2009 – August 2011)
23. 0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Site 1Site 2Site 3Site 4Site 5Site 6Site 7
mgL-1
Average TS, TDS, and TSS for
seven sites
TS
TDS
TSS
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Site
1
Site
2
Site
3
Site
4
Site
5
Site
6
Site
7
mgL-1
Average TKN, nitrite, and nitrate
for seven sites
TKN
Nitrite
Nitrate
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5 Site 6 Site 7
mgL-1
Average TP and SRP for seven
sites
TP
SRP
Average concentrations of
TS,TDS, TSS, nitrogen and
phosphorus for the seven
monitoring locations in
Coulee Baton
Microwatershed
30. Conclusions
Sediments, nutrients, temperature, and fecal matters are the major
cause of nonpoint source pollution in Coulee Baton microwatershed.
Fecal coliform concentration has declined recently following the repair or
replacement of home septic systems, but still very high.
Low level of implementation of BMPs and difficulties in motivating
homeowners in repair or replacement of old septic systems.
Seasonal fluctuations of nonpoint source pollutants especially suspended
solids and nutrients relate to agricultural activities.
The PIMA promise more focused, coordinated, and effective approach for
nonpoint source pollution control.
31. I would like to acknowledge the LDEQ and EPA Region VI for funding
this project through the 319 grant program. Thanks to LDEQ staff Mr.
Cortez Rankin, Mr. Reggie Coleman, Mr. Max Forbes, Ms. Christy Rando,
and Ms. Stephine Morrel for their support in this project. Also, many
thanks to UL faculty, staff, and students, including Mr. Brian Kibbe, Mr.
Will Bernard, and Ms. Colette Anzalone for field work, field
instrumentation, and other help. The support from LSU Ag Center by
lending ISCO samplers and flowmeters is much appreciated.
Special thanks to the Vermilion Soil and Water Conservation District
(VSWCD) for leading this initiative for building a collaborative
partnerships for the Coulee Baton Microwatershed. Similarly, special
thanks to Dr. Ernest Girouard, Vermilion SWCD and LSU Ag Center, Mr.
Sheryll, Vermillion SWCD, Ms. Mitzie Dohrman and Mr. Justin Meaux at
Vermilion SWCD, and Mr. Dexter Sapp, NRCS, and Acadiana RC&D staff
for their help and participation in various meetings. Active participations
of local communities, governmental agencies, and other stakeholders in
the project planning meetings is highly appreciated.
Acknowledgements