ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OPEN SOURCE TO RESEARCH IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN AFRICA: THE PERSPECTIVE OF GHANA

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This document presents a study assessing the effectiveness of open source tools to promote sustainable academic libraries in Africa from the Ghanaian perspective. It provides background on open source systems for research and how the Ghanaian government supports their use. The study distributed surveys to 300 faculty members at Akenten Appiah- Menka University of Skill Training and Entrepreneurial Development to understand open source use and satisfaction. Results showed faculty widely use open source and are satisfied with it. The conclusion is that open source effectively promotes sustainable academic libraries in Africa, specifically in Ghana. Further work should consider perceptions of open source in other African academic libraries.

Education

AKENTEN APPIAH- MENKAH UNIVERSITY OF SKILL TRAINING AND
ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT
ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OPEN SOURCE TO RESEARCH
IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN AFRICA:
THE PERSPECTIVE OF GHANA
Prince Duah Mensah
Department of Information Technology, AAMUSTED
Email: successprinceduahmensah@gmail.com
Contact: +233533577389
Donald Yeboah
Department of Information Technology, AAMUSTED
Email: donaldyeboah@gmail.com
Contact: +233242637542
Prof. D. A. Yarhands
Dean, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Mathematics Education, AMMUSTED
Email: ydarthur@aamusted.edu.gh
Contact: +233244071973
Dr. George Asante (PhD)
Head, Department of Information Technology, AAMUSTED
Email: gasante@aamusted.edu.gh
Contact: +233242927029
Dr. Kwabena Osei Kuffour Adjei (PhD)
University Librarian, Kumasi Technical University, GHANA
Email: osei.kadjei@kstu.edu.gh
Contact: +233242065767

ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OPEN SOURCE TO RESEARCH
IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN AFRICA:
THE PERSPECTIVE OF GHANA
Prince Duah Mensah, Donald Yeboah, Yarhands Arthur Dissou, George Asante
Department of Information Technology, Akenten Appiah- Menka University of Skill Training
and Entrepreneurial Development, Kumasi 1277, Ashanti, Ghana.
Email address: successprinceduahmensah@gmail.com Phone No.: +233 (0) 533577389
Kwabena Osei Kuffour Adjei
Department of Information Science, Kumasi Technical University, Post Office Box 854 Kumasi,
Ashanti, Ghana.
Abstract
In today’s fast- paced digitized world economy, access to authentic information in any field,
including education should be made readily available to the public. Open Source then becomes an
important platform in providing the necessary nuance and context in filling the gap in research.
Here, students, faculty members and institutions have the liberty to collaborate, share, reuse and
exchange scholarly works. Some recent empirical studies have shown that most academic libraries
in the world have started integrating open source into their system in order to widely explore,
circulate and access scholarly articles and also enhance research works in Institutions of Higher
Education. Open Source Systems in research such as RStudio, Koha, Destiny, NewGenLib,
Fedora, OpenSesame, LabJS builder, Jamovi, JASP and Zotero are designed to be compatible and
interoperable with other systems and therefore speed up innovation. In Ghana, the Government
through the Ministry of Education (MoE) in consultation with both public and private agencies
such as the Ghana Centre for Free and Open Source Software (GCFOSS) are pioneering the use
of open source for socio- economic development in the country. Conversely, some researchers
have associated open source with the risk of operational deficiencies, intellectual property issues,
lack of warranty and poor developer practices. In the light of this, the paper aims to assess the
effectiveness of open source to research in promoting sustainable academic libraries in Africa from
the perspective of Ghana. A survey questionnaire was distributed randomly to a total of 300 faculty
members and lecturers at the Akenten Appiah- Menka University of Skill Training and Entrepreneurial
Development (AAMUSTED) in Kumasi. The data for this mixed research method were analysed
quantitatively using IBM SPSS software (version 23) and qualitatively using the responses from
respondents. The result shows that a lot of faculty members use open source and are satisfied with it.
The outcomes indicate that open source in research has a great effectiveness in promoting sustainable

academic libraries in Africa, specifically Ghana. For further studies, there is the need to consider the
perceptions of open source in academic libraries in Africa.
Keywords: Open Source, Research, Academic Library, Sustainable Development

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SIR SUCCESS PRINCE DUAH DUAH

The National Union of Ghana Students (NUGS) was formed in the year 1962 and has since had the central aim of protecting the interest of all Ghanaian students both home and abroad. NUGS works directly with the Ministry of Education Ghana. As such, the union has in successive years taken up various initiatives, projects and programs to ensure that the student life and experience for the youth in our country is a pleasant one. The union is a democratic, non-partisan and progressive mass movement of students, both in Ghana and abroad, championing a common course. We are also committed to advocating to inculcate a high degree of patriotism and nationalism in our students to prepare them adequately for the future of our country.

NATIONAL UNION OF GHANA STUDENTS EXECUTIVES FOR 2023/2024

SIR SUCCESS PRINCE DUAH DUAH

NATIONAL UNION OF GHANA STUDENTS EXECUTIVES FOR 2023/2024

SIR SUCCESS PRINCE DUAH DUAH

Conventional authentication methods, like simple text- based passwords, have shown vulnerabilities to different types of security attacks. Most of all the breaches involve credentials, whether stolen via social engineering or hacked using brute force. Therefore, a robust user authentication mechanism is crucial to have secure systems. Combining the use of a hash function, SHA 256 and a secret key. HMAC approach can be effective strategy for data origin authentication and integrity verification mechanisms. This article proposes a Hash- based Message Authentication Code and Secure Hash Algorithm 256, with the acronym HMAC SHA 256 to solve the deficiencies in Message Digest Method 5 including the traditional username- password authentication. HMAC SHA 256 can be applied to verification of email, authenticate data form, Internet of Things (IoT) and reset password. The novelty of the proposed mechanism lies in a Trust Based System which identifies the malicious nodes in the network and differentiates them from trusted nodes. The trust value of the participating nodes is increased only for every successful transmission and decreased for those nodes that do not send the data towards the desired destination. Using Java programming language, HTML, CSS and Python, the proposed authentication protocol was analysed to determine its efficiency and effectiveness. The study found that HMAC SHA 256 is ideal for higher performance systems and provides higher security as compared to MD 5. The study also revealed that HMAC SHA 265 has a strong collision resistance to attacks and its therefore recommended for encryption and solving the deficiencies in MD 5.

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ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OPEN SOURCE TO RESEARCH IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN AFRICA: THE PERSPECTIVE OF GHANA

1. AKENTEN APPIAH- MENKAH UNIVERSITY OF SKILL TRAINING AND ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OPEN SOURCE TO RESEARCH IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN AFRICA: THE PERSPECTIVE OF GHANA Prince Duah Mensah Department of Information Technology, AAMUSTED Email: successprinceduahmensah@gmail.com Contact: +233533577389 Donald Yeboah Department of Information Technology, AAMUSTED Email: donaldyeboah@gmail.com Contact: +233242637542 Prof. D. A. Yarhands Dean, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Mathematics Education, AMMUSTED Email: ydarthur@aamusted.edu.gh Contact: +233244071973 Dr. George Asante (PhD) Head, Department of Information Technology, AAMUSTED Email: gasante@aamusted.edu.gh Contact: +233242927029 Dr. Kwabena Osei Kuffour Adjei (PhD) University Librarian, Kumasi Technical University, GHANA Email: osei.kadjei@kstu.edu.gh Contact: +233242065767

2. ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OPEN SOURCE TO RESEARCH IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN AFRICA: THE PERSPECTIVE OF GHANA Prince Duah Mensah, Donald Yeboah, Yarhands Arthur Dissou, George Asante Department of Information Technology, Akenten Appiah- Menka University of Skill Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Kumasi 1277, Ashanti, Ghana. Email address: successprinceduahmensah@gmail.com Phone No.: +233 (0) 533577389 Kwabena Osei Kuffour Adjei Department of Information Science, Kumasi Technical University, Post Office Box 854 Kumasi, Ashanti, Ghana. Abstract In today’s fast- paced digitized world economy, access to authentic information in any field, including education should be made readily available to the public. Open Source then becomes an important platform in providing the necessary nuance and context in filling the gap in research. Here, students, faculty members and institutions have the liberty to collaborate, share, reuse and exchange scholarly works. Some recent empirical studies have shown that most academic libraries in the world have started integrating open source into their system in order to widely explore, circulate and access scholarly articles and also enhance research works in Institutions of Higher Education. Open Source Systems in research such as RStudio, Koha, Destiny, NewGenLib, Fedora, OpenSesame, LabJS builder, Jamovi, JASP and Zotero are designed to be compatible and interoperable with other systems and therefore speed up innovation. In Ghana, the Government through the Ministry of Education (MoE) in consultation with both public and private agencies such as the Ghana Centre for Free and Open Source Software (GCFOSS) are pioneering the use of open source for socioeconomic development in the country. Conversely, some researchers have associated open source with the risk of operational deficiencies, intellectual property issues, lack of warranty and poor developer practices. In the light of this, the paper aims to assess the effectiveness of open source to research in promoting sustainable academic libraries in Africa from the perspective of Ghana. A survey questionnaire was distributed randomly to a total of 300 faculty members and lecturers at the Akenten Appiah- Menka University of Skill Training and Entrepreneurial Development (AAMUSTED) in Kumasi. The data for this mixed research method were analysed quantitatively using IBM SPSS software (version 23) and qualitatively using the responses from respondents. The result shows that a lot of faculty members use open source and are satisfied with it. The outcomes indicate that open source in research has a great effectiveness in promoting sustainable

3. academic libraries in Africa, specifically Ghana. For further studies, there is the need to consider the perceptions of open source in academic libraries in Africa. Keywords: Open Source, Research, Academic Library, Sustainable Development

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