1. COMPUTER
Computer is an electronic machine which
accepts the input, process the input and
produces the output in fast and efficient way.
2. COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER
Input Device
-Keyboard, Mouse, OMR(Optical Mark
Reader),OCR(Optical Character
Reader),MICR(Magnetic Ink Character
Recognition), Scanner
Output Device
-Monitor, Printer
Processing Device
-CPU(Central Processing Unit),ALU(Arithmetic &
Logic Unit),CU(Control Unit),MU(Memory Unit)
3. INPUT DEVICE
Normal Keyboard having 108 keys.
There are 3 types
i)Alphanumeric Keys-a-z,A-Z,0-9
ii)Function Keys – F1 – F12
iii)Special Keys – Alt, Ctrl, Del, Shift, Enter, Tab,
+,-,*,/$ etc....
4. MOUSE
(MECHANICALLY OPERATED USE SERIAL
ENGINE)
Mouse was introduced in Stanford Research
Institute
Types of Mouse
i)Mechanical Mouse-Movement is identified using
Roller ball
ii)Opto Mechanical Mouse-Movement is identified
using Light Sensitive optical device
iii)Optical Mouse-Movement is identified using
Laser light
10. OUTPUT DEVICE
MONITOR
It is also called VDU(Visual Display Unit)
It can be Monochrome or color Monitor
CRT(Cathode Ray Tube),LCD(Liquid Crystal
Display),LED(Light Emitting Diode) are the types of
Monitor
Resolution(Clarity), Size(17’,19’&20’) and Refresh
rate(Per minute how much of the image redrawn in
the monitor) are the 3 important things in Monitor
Pixel(Picture Element) is used to support text based
and graphics based information.
12. PRINTER
It is used to give the output in paper format
There are 2 types
Impact Printer :
Print Head & Inked Ribbon will be there to print
Produces noise while printing character
No need to use better quality paper
Clarity will not be good
Ex: Dot net & Daisy Wheel Printer
Non Impact Printer
Print Head & Inked Ribbon will not be there to print
Not Produces noise while printing character
Need to use better quality paper
Clarity will be good
Ex: Inkjet & Laser Printer
14. PROCESSING DEVICE
CPU is used to do the process.
ALU is used to do Mathematical operations.
MU is used to store the datas.
CU is used to control the overall Operation of the
CPU.
16. HISTORY OF COMPUTER
5000 years ago small pebbles were used in
olden days for counting purpose
Joseph marie jacquard introduced
punched card in weaving clothes
Later on Abacus was introduced for
counting
Blaise Pascal introduced Pascal
Calculator to do 10 number of
Addition
Gottfried Wilham Von improved the
pasaline calcilator to do
multiplicaion also
Herman Hollerith introduced this
punched card in business world and
became very popular.
He introduced the Tabulating Machine
Company(IBM)
Charles Babbage introduced Difference
Engine(differential Equation) and
Analytical Engine(streaming)
Clifford berry introduced a machine for
doing Boolean Algebra
17. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER
Accuracy
Speed
Diligence
Versatility
Power of remembering
Intangible benefits
Storage Capacity
Reduced Cost
Time Saving
18. GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
First Generation Computers
Second Generation Computers
Third Generation Computers
Fourth Generation Computers
Fifth Generation Computers
19. FIRST GENERATION COMPUTER
In this generation mostly they were used vacuum
tubes in the computer.
They introduced ENIAC,EDVAC & UNIVAC
Computers.
ENIAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic
Computer)was introduced by John prosper eckert&
john W.Mauchly. It consists of 18000 vaccum tubes,
70000 resistors and 5 million soldered joints. We
need to spend 160 KW of electricity every day to
maintain this computers.
20. CONTINUE ….
EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic
Computer)was introduced by John Von Neuman.
It is used for stored the programs.
UNIVAC(Universal Automatic Computer) was
introduced by Remington rand company. It was
the first commercially available computer.
24. SECOND GENERATION
In 2nd generation, they were used transistors instead
of vacuum tubes.
THIRD GENERATION
In this generation they were used IC’s(Integrated
Circuits) in the computer. IC was introduced by Jack
Kilby. They were used semiconductors also. If we fit
3 components in single chip, then it is called IC.If we
fit more than 3 components in single chip then it is
called Semiconductor.
25. 4TH & 5TH GENERATION
In 4th generation they were used LSI,VLSI&ULSI.
If we fit 100’s components in single chip, then it is
called LSI(Large Scale Integration).
If we fit 1000’s components in single chip, then it is
called VLSI(Very Large Scale Integration).
If we fit million’s components in single chip, then it
is called ULSI(Ultra Large Scale Integration).
In 5th generation they will be try to use AI(Artificial
Intelligence) & Robots.
