2. Overview
1.
2.
3.
Waste Disposal Sites (landfills and dumps)
Ministry role
Legislation
EPA
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Approvals and Orders
Regulation 347
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3.
4.
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Operations (post 1990 sites)
Defines waste
Waste Handling requirements
Operational Considerations
Resources
Ministry of the Environment – unofficial and for
discussion purposes only
3. Dumps vs. Landfills
Landfill BMP are incorporated in the Operations and Design (O&D)Plan
Better cover is possible (contributes to better environmental
protection)
Cell progression is formalized/planned = foot print adhered to
Environment protection
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Reduced odours & vermin
water infiltration reduced
Can capture leachate & gas
Isolate/protect the ground water and reduced impacts to surface water
Lift method employed > allows for compaction, small surface area
is active = better use of capacity and less cover and less odour
Cost (may be higher cost during operations but long term costs
mitigated)
Stability of slopes for closure – reduced breakout
Ministry of the Environment – unofficial - for
discussion purposes only
4. Dump Method
can not cover
(vermin/ infiltration or run-off/odours)
uses excessive amount of
cover
poor use of WDS approved
space
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Ministry of the Environment – unofficial - for
discussion purposes only
5. Landfilling Method -
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less cover (if follow best practices and O&D)
- best use of space and less exposed waste
- lessened concerns with long-term/short term
environmental impacts
Ministry of the Environment – for discussion
only
6. The ministry and you … “one window”
Cornwall Area Office (most offices) assign Environmental Officers based on
geographic areas. The local office (EO) should be your first point of contact
for questions and discussions.
Environmental Approvals Branch (EAB): review ECA applications and
issue approvals. Sometimes they will be in direct contact with the Township
or consultants to resolve questions. EAB also contacts the local EO for input
(examples – tree coverage, alternative cover, odour issues..)
Technical Support Staff (hydro geologist, surface water specialist, Air
Scientist, Pesticide Officer): This group review annual reports and monitoring
programs upon request of the EO (reports to go to the District Office and then
will be forwarded). If consultation will be beneficial to address significant
issues or changes being contemplated – it is arranged through your EO
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Ministry of the Environment – for discussion
purposes only
7. The Ministry and Landfill Owners/Operators
The ministry regulates through legislation and confirms
compliance through:
“one window” approach to provide local knowledge
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inspection programs
Review of Reports
Address on complaints
Local ministry staff provide feed back for approvals
Conduct Inspections
Available to answer questions and provide information
The ministry may require work to be done in control documents
issued OR as a result of inspection findings. The Owner conducts
the work, or retains a consultant (depending on site, work etc.)
Ministry of the Environment – unofficial - for
discussion purposes only
8. Operating a Landfill
Involves numerous considerations
Legislation - general requirements
Control Documents – specific requirements
Operational and Design Plan (O&D)
common sense (diligence)- rely on staff observations
Communicate with other WDS Operators
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9. Example
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Hazardous Materials:
legislation dictates what wastes are “hazardous” or “subject waste”
Approval will dictate what can be disposed at a given WDS.
Municipal policy may dictate what they choose to accept (dead
animals, asbestos)
Operational Requirements (Daily Cover/Burning): required in
Approval and in legislation but a municipality may look at alternatives
because of local issues, costs, materials available.
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Ministry of the Environment – Not to be considered
official direction - for discussion purposes only
10. Legislation and Control Documents
(Instruments)
Legislation:
•
Environmental Protection Act (EPA) … Part V
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Regulation 347 (General Waste Management)
Other legislation (recycling 101, 102, 103)
Ministry of the Environment – not to be considered
official direction – general overview only
11. Environmental Protection Act (EPA)
.
Authorizes Approvals and Orders
. Act governing Regulation 347(waste) and Regulation 419 (air) and
the “3Rs” regulations
Ontario Water Resources Act (OWRA)
. Authorizes Approvals for Sewage Works
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13. Environmental Compliance Approvals (ECA)
formerly Certificates of Approval
Environmental Compliance Approval (ECA)
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For Waste Disposal Site
For Waste Management Systems
For transfer or processing sites
For recycling facility and/or Household Hazardous Waste
facilities (may be under WDS ECA if on-site)
27. (1) No person shall use, operate, establish, alter, enlarge or extend a
waste management system * or a waste disposal site except under and in
accordance with an environmental compliance approval.
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Ministry of the Environment – for discussion
purposes only
14. Environmental Compliance Approvals
(ECA)
Environmental Compliance Approval (ECA)
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Air emission (ex. Gas collection/venting)
Section 9 - Approval, plant or production process
No person shall, except under and in accordance with an environmental compliance
approval (a) use, operate, construct, alter, extend or replace any plant, structure,
equipment, apparatus, mechanism or thing that may discharge or from which may be
discharged a contaminant into any part of the natural environment other than water
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Ministry of the Environment - CONFIDENTIAL
for discussion purposes only
15. Environmental Compliance Approval (ECA)
Everyone is aware of the ECA – but surprising how often no one has
read it! Conditions in the ECA are legal requirements.
Generic conditions
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Daily and interim cover
Register on tittle
Compaction
Reporting (incl. Annual reports) and record keeping
Inspections
Follow O&D Plan (cover, progression, compaction)
Required to submit closure plan
Ministry of the Environment – for discussion
purposes only
16. Approvals
Site Specific Conditions
Ground water and surface water monitoring (wording allows
changes to the program with local approval)
Installation of leachate collection or gas collection systems
Additional reporting requirements (ex. failure of a specific piece of
equipment or part of abatement program)
Special cover considerations (sludge, tree cover)
Allowance for burning of CLEAN wood
Area serviced
Approval conditions are LEGAL requirements. Ensure staff are aware of the
condition and a copy of ECA available. If Contract staff used, the responsibility
remains with the Owner of the site .
16
Ministry of the Environment - CONFIDENTIAL
for discussion purposes only
17. Approvals must be amended before
implementing changes at a WDS
Some examples of when approval must be amended:
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New cover material
Changing closure plans
Fill Beyond Approved Limit (FBAL)
Increase in size or different footprint
Adding Buffer area to the ECA
Increasing gas capture system
To submit closure plan (2 years before )
Ministry of the Environment – for discussion
purposes only
18. 18
ECAs are documents that are accessible to the
public. ECAs for Landfill Sites are posted on the
ministry web site www.ene.gov.on.ca)
21. Orders
EPA - Authorization to issue Orders
Usually issued to ensure a specific issue is complied with
example: make a change in operations, apply for an Approval, conduct a
study, submit information or Work Plan
May be preventative or compliance driven
Often issued if voluntary abatement was not effective
Orders (Provincial Officers or Director’s)
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Site and situation specific.
Used to address potential concerns or a violation with time requirement
enforced.
Ministry of the Environment – for discussion
purposes only
22. Regulation 347
General Waste Management
.
Defines waste
. Categorizes waste .
. Provides direction for handling, transporting and disposal
. Includes generic operational requirements
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Ministry of the Environment – for discussion
purposes only
23. Regulation 419
Local Air Quality
Defines what information is needed for application for air approval
Standards for Contaminants
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Ministry of the Environment – for discussion
purposes only
24. Regulation 347 - General Waste Management
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Solid non-hazardous* – to municipal WDS
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Liquid Industrial – onsite treatment, to sewers, to disposal sites,
to recycling sites
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Hazardous Waste (scheduled chemicals, ignitable, corrosive,
reactive, pathological, PCB waste, schedule 4 Leachate Toxic
Waste*) - to specialized receivers
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Other – Asbestos Waste – to municipal landfills
*Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure – used for contaminated soils etc.
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Ministry of the Environment - for discussion
purposes only
25. Regulation 347 –
some waste may be exempted from Part V
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Ministry of the Environment - for discussion
purposes only
26. Regulation 347 –
When is waste exempted from Part V?
The regulation lists what wastes can be exempted – and under what circumstance.
For example: agricultural waste; inert fill; recovered wire/metal (but no combustion
allowed); clean wood intended for mulch; e-waste with conditions; asphalt; compost
(where it meets ECA or Regulation criteria).
Municipalities may generate some waste (or become aware of waste handling by
private sector) that might be exempt form Part V of the EPA. Inert material, asphalt,
and asphalt shingles are examples of “construction type wastes” that might be
exempt and can be diverted from landfill.
“recyclable” waste is also addressed through this exemption section: municipal
waste, consisting solely of waste from a single category of waste set out in
Schedule 1, 2 or 3 of Ontario Regulation etc……
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27. Asbestos Waste
o
Asbestos is “domestic waste”
o
Section 17 “Management of Asbestos Waste”. No person shall
manage asbestos waste except in accordance with the following
(see section 17 for full responsibilities) :>>>
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Pre notification
contained
covered immediately
PPE and material to address spill
Precautions to ensure not airborne
Different requirements for “residential Small quantity and bulk
shipments”
27
Ministry of the Environment - for discussion
purposes only
28. Regulation 347
Standards for Waste Disposal Sites (1990) in the Reg.
Regulation 347 contains a section that provides minimum standards and
operational requirements.
Many WDSs that were started before 1990 had similar conditions in the
Approval (although very old Approvals had minimal conditions)
Standards for Waste Disposal Sites – section 11
11. The following are prescribed as standards for the location, maintenance and
operation of a landfilling site:
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Access roads and on-site roads
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Access limited to when attendant is on duty
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Drainage passing over or through the site shall not adversely affect adjoining property
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Drainage that may cause pollution shall not, without adequate treatment, be
discharged into watercourses.
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Ministry of the Environment - for discussion
purposes only
29. Standards for Waste Disposal Sites (Section 11)
continued
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Waste above or isolated from the maximum water table so impairment of
groundwater in aquifers is prevented
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Waste sufficiently distant from sources of potable water supplies so as to prevent
contamination of the water, unless adequate provision is made for the collection and
treatment of leachate.
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Where there is a possibility of water pollution resulting from the operation of a
landfilling site, samples shall be taken …
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located a reasonable distance from any cemetery Adequate and proper equipment
shall be provided for the compaction … and covering of the cells with cover material
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All waste disposal operations adequately and continually supervised.
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Ministry of the Environment – for discussion only
30. Standards for Waste Disposal Sites (Section 11)
continued
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Procedures shall be established for the control of rodents or other animals
and insects at the site
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the waste disposal area shall be enclosed to prevent entry by unauthorized
persons and access to the property shall be by roadway closed by a gate
capable of being locked.
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A green belt or neutral zone around the site and site shall be adequately
screened from public view.
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Whenever any part of a fill area has reached its limit of fill, a final cover of
cover material … and inspected at regular intervals over two years …
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Scavenging shall not be permitted.
30
Ministry of the Environment - for discussion
purposes only
31. Burning
Is it allowed? (ECA)
Must be clean wood (separate)
proper location
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For discussion purposes ONLY
33. Regulation 101
RECYCLING AND COMPOSTING OF MUNICIPAL WASTE
PART I
:
GENERAL
PART II: SYSTEMS REQUIRED IN MUNICIPALITIES
Blue Box Waste Management Systems
Leaf and Yard Waste Systems
Exemptions
PART III: MUNICIPAL WASTE RECYCLING DEPOTS
PART IV: MUNICIPAL WASTE RECYCLING SITES
PART V: LEAF AND YARD WASTE COMPOSTING SITES
Regulation 102
WASTE AUDITS AND WASTE REDUCTION WORK PLANS
(including for construction and demolition projects)
Regulation 103
INDUSTRIAL, COMMERCIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SOURCE
SEPARATION PROGRAMS
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Ministry of the Environment - for discussion
purposes only
34. Day to Day Operations
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Ministry of the Environment - for discussion
purposes only
35. Operational and Design Plan
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where is waste to be deposited and transition/progression to new cells
ensuring adequate cover material available and applied
conducting inspections to ensure no drainage or concerns with surface
water interference, odour and litter
For sites with leachate collection or gas collection then inspection and
maintenance
Collect required samples
Proper Supervision
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Supervise waste brought in
amount of cover used
interim cells use
Plan ahead (prepare cells, roads…) & road preparation for all season use
Is burning allowed – arrange for it
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Ministry of the Environment – for discussion only
37. Day to Day Operations
Follow (and/or change) the Operations Plan:
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progression of cells
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Practical aspect of how to mark use area, elevation limits and foot print
limits. How do you direct contractors and public to use areas
Supervise waste brought in
amount of cover used
interim cells use
Plan ahead (prepare cells, roads…)
Road preparation for all season use
Is burning allowed – arrange for it
Ministry of the Environment – for discussion purposes
only
38. Day to Day Operations
Staff must be informed and trained and roles must be defined
• Courses are avaialable; review at staff meetings; highlight legal
responsibilities around waste acceptance, asbestos etc.; mentoring and
knowledge transfer etc
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Where contract staff are used, ensure the contract outlines expectations
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Outline the role of staff involved in WDS operations
Document and record as per the ECA – but also for what is needed for
Owners assessment of the site
Ministry of the Environment – for discussion
purposes only
39. At Closure
ECA amended for closure Plan
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Inspections
Monitoring
Capping and vegetation
Use after 25 years
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Regulation 153 – will apply for change in land use.
Must meet standards or
Risk Assessment shows no issues
Speak to the local MOE staff to discuss particulars
39
Ministry of the Environment - CONFIDENTIAL
for discussion purposes only
40. Resources
Local District Office Environmental Officer
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The EO for your area should be your first point of contact for
questions and discussions.
Cornwall Area Office: 613-933-7402
Spill Action Center: 1-800-268-6060
Ministry public web site (www.ene.gov.on.ca)
E-laws
Consultants
