These slide includes mainly 3 subtopics like environmental problems , natural disaster and social crisis. We will also see effect of environmental problems. We will see aftermath of natural disaster and their effect on our economy.

1. Notre Dame University
Bangladesh
Environmental Problems And
Natural Disaster And Social Crisis
Student Name: Rup Chowdhury
Student ID: 201120010
Batch: CSE 13

3. I. Air Pollution
II. Water Pollution
III. Soil/Land Pollution
IV. Sound/Noise Pollution
V. Climate change
VI. Deforestation

4. Effects of Global environmental problem

5. Air pollution
Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or
biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere.
Sources of Air pollution:
• Household combustion devices.
• Motor vehicles.
• Industrial facilities.
• Forest fires.
Pollutants causing Air pollution:
• Carbon monoxide.
• Ozone.
• Nitrogen dioxide.
• Sulfur dioxide.

6. Water pollution
When something is added to environment that makes it unclean or unsafe it is
called pollution. Water pollution occurs when then water becomes over loaded
with too much of one thing and the aquatic organisms cannot keep up with their
cleaning responsibilities .Some organisms may die and others grow too fast. There
are many types and sources of water pollution that can pollute surface water or
groundwater.
Point sources:
Contaminants that enter a waterway from a single , identifiable source, such as a
pipe or ditch. Examples of sources in this category include discharges from a
sewage treatment plant, a factory, or a city storm drain.
Non point sources:
Refers to diffuse contamination that does not originate from a single discrete
source. A common example is the leaching out of nitrogen compounds from
fertilized agricultural lands. Nutrient runoff in storm water from “sheet flow” over
an agricultural field or a forest are also cited as examples of NPS pollution.

7. Soil/Land Pollution
Soil pollution is the contamination of soil with harmful substances that can adversely affect the quality of the
soil and the adversely affect the quality of the soil and the health of those living on it.
Causes of soil pollution:
• Use of chemicals.
• Soil erosion.
• Salty water.
• Urban waste.
• Industrial waste.
• Acid rain.
• Deforestation

8. Sound/Noise Pollution
Noise pollution, also known as environmental noise or sound pollution, is the propagation of noise with
ranging impacts on the activity of human or animal life, most of them harmful to a degree.
Causes of sound pollution:
• Loud music from events
• Forms of transportation – such as trains and aeroplanes
• Construction work
• Generators
• Household equipment – such as mixers, vacuum cleaners and pressure
cookers.
Sound pollution Effects:
• Hearing loss
• High blood pressure
• Stress
• Sleep disturbance

9. Climate change
Climate change is any long-term alteration in average weather patterns, either globally or regionally. Climate
change has occurred many times in Earth's history, and for many reasons. The changes in global temperature
and weather patterns seen today, however, are caused by human activity. And they're happening much faster
than the natural climate variations of the past.
Causes of climate change:
• The Greenhouse Effect
• Greenhouse Gases
• Volcanic Eruptions
• Ocean Currents
• Solar Radiations
• Earth Orbital Changes
• Human Activity
• Agriculture
• Deforestation

10. Deforestation
Deforestation is the removal of trees permanently either to utilize the land for other purposes or to utilize trees.
Cutting a lot of trees without planning for sustainable growth of trees refers to deforestation. Globally, the
shrinking of forests leads to changes in global climatic conditions, soil erosion, and loss of biodiversity. On a
broader scale, it is the disruption of the ecosystem that indirectly affects healthy life on earth.
Causes of Deforestation:
• Agricultural Expansions
• Infrastructure Development
• Timber Extraction
• Mining Extraction
• Forest Fires

11. Natural Disaster

12. Concept & Meaning
 Natural disaster is a major adverse event resulting from natural processes which could be
related to weather, geology, biology or even factors outside the Earth. A natural disaster is the
effect of a natural hazard. For examples:
• Floods
• Earthquakes
• Cyclone
• Drought
 These are natural disasters which are caused by environmental
factors that injure people and damage property and leaves some
economic damage at the end.

13. Flood
 The flood is an overflow of large amount of water beyond its normal limits, especially over dry
lands. Flood is the most common natural hazard in Bangladesh causing extensive damage to
human life and property.
 Floods that occurred in 1954, 1955, 1974, 1984,
1987,1988, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2007 was very
destructive and caused very destructive and
caused serious threat to lives and economy.
 The water swallowed 3,00,000 houses,
thousands of people died by drowning and
disease like typhoid and cholera. The
agriculture had a severe blow with the loss
of 1,35,000 cattle and damage of 7,00,000
hectors of crop land.

14. Earthquake
 Earthquake is the sudden violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction,
as a result of movements within the earth’s plate and volcanic action.
 Nowadays, earthquake has become
one of the major natural calamities
in Bangladesh.
 Among the recent major earthquakes,
the 1997 Chittagong earthquake, the
1997 earthquake caused extensive
damage in the adjacent areas.

15. Cyclone
 A Cyclone is an area of closed, circular fluid motion. It has low pressure in the inside
area and high pressure on the outside area.
 Cyclones, sometimes associated with storm surge
have been a cause of concern for Bangladesh.
 The center of the storm is called the eye and it has
the calmest water and the lowest pressure.
 Cyclones turn counter-clockwise in the northern
hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere.
This is because it follows the rotational movement of
the earth.

16. Drought
 Drought is the prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of
water.
 Every year parts of Bangladesh experience
drought when rainfall is normally low. In the
country about 2.7 million hector of land is
severely drought prone causing hardship to
poor agricultural laborers and others.
 Usually severe drought occurs in the north-
western and south-western region of the
country.

17. Disaster and
social crisis

18.  Natural disaster is defined as an adverse event that spells
property loss and fatality to humankind .In recent
decades, weather extremes such as super tropical
cyclones have great impacts on worldwide society.
 The perception of risk plays a vital role in how people
prepare for disasters. Underlying this is an assumption
that the character of the person, their social
environment and past experiences and behavior
influences these perceptions.

19.  Natural Disasters don’t only effect buildings and land, they
affect human beings. They can severely injure or kill. They
tear families apart.
 Natural disasters caused the death of 2,95,000 people in 2010.

20. The aftermath
Natural disasters don’t just create damage when it hits. The effects after can be worse. Many disasters
can cause lose ground, creating landslides. People may lose their home, possessions and community.
Stress reactions after a disaster look very much like the common reactions seen after any type of
trauma.

21. Thank you